2. TAXATION AND FINANCE.  1. EXCESSIVE RATES OF TAXATION ARE A Discouragement TO PROGRESS AND DEVELOPMENT, AND NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS HAVE ADOPTED THE PRIME OBJECTIVE OF GIVING INCENTIVES TO INDIVIDUALS AND COMPANIES BY REDUCING RATES OF TAXATION WHEREVER POSSIBLE. IN FURTHERANCE OF THIS OBJECTIVE, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS HAVE REDUCED RATES OF TAXATION IN 10 OF THEIR 11 YEARS IN OFFICE. THIS WILL BE THE CONTINUING TAXATION POLICY OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT ALSO BELIEVES THAT JUSTICE AND AN EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION OF THE TAXATION BURDEN SHOULD BE CONSTANT OBJECTIVES. WE WILL STUDY THE NEED FOR FURTHER REFORMS AND INTRODUCE SUCH CHANGES AS WILL PROMOTE THESE OBJECTIVES.  3. FURTHER STEPS TOWARDS SIMPLICITY IN PROCEDURES AND FORMS WILL BE TAKEN AS OPPORTUNITY OFFERS, TO REDUCE THE TIME NECESSARY IN PREPARING TAX RETURNS.  4. BECAUSE OF THE HIGH PROPORTION OF TAXATION REQUIRED FOR GOVERNMENT SERVICES AND ADMINISTRATION THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO PROMOTE BETTER BUSINESS METHODS IN GOVERNMENT AND KEEP A FIRM CHECK ON OVERALL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE.  5. GUIDING PRINCIPLES IN THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT'S TAXATION POLICY WILL BE.  (a) TO PROVIDE INCENTIVES FOR OUR PEOPLE TO WORK MORE AND EARN MORE.  (b) TO INCREASE PRODUCTION.  (c) TO EXPAND INDUSTRIES AND SERVICES.  (d) TO PROVIDE MORE JOBS FOR THE RAPIDLY GROWING POPULATION.  (e) TO CREATE INCENTIVES FOR SAVING TO PROVIDE ADEQUATE FINANCE FOR CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT.  (f) TO HOLD THE COST OF LIVING AS STABLE AS POSSIBLE.  (g) TO KEEP COSTS OF PRODUCTION IN CHECK. AND.  (h) TO ENSURE MAXIMUM POSSIBLE STABILITY IN THE VALUE OF MONEY.  3. MONETARY AND ECONOMIC.  1. THE NATIONAL PARTY BELIEVES THE OVERALL, MANAGEMENT OF MONETARY AND ECONOMIC POLICY ALONG SOUND AND PROGRESSIVE LINES IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT RESPONSIBILITIES OF GOVERNMENT.  2. TO THIS END, A NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL PROMOTE LEGISLATION AND POLICIES WITH THE OBJECTIVE OF ENSURING THAT THE CREATION AND ISSUE OF MONEY IS KEPT IN BALANCED RELATIONSHIP WITH THE PRODUCTION OF GOODS AND SERVICES, SO THAT THE GREATEST DEGREE OF ECONOMIC STABILITY CAN BE MAINTAINED AND THE VALUES OF ALL EARNINGS, SAVINGS AND OTHER INCOME SAFEGUARDED.  3. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL ENSURE THAT MONETARY AND ECONOMIC POLICY IS DIRECTED TOWARDS THE MAINTENANCE OF FULL EMPLOYMENT, MAXIMUM STABILITY OF THE PRICE LEVEL AND THE PROMOTION OF MEASURES AND INCENTIVE SCHEMES TO PROMOTE ECONOMIC GROWTH THROUGHOUT THE ECONOMY.  4. A NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO TAKE INTO ACCOUNT THE ADVICE OF THE MONETARY AND ECONOMIC COUNCIL ON MATTERS OF MAJOR ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE.  5. WE WILL CONTINUE NEW ZEALAND' S MEMBERSHIP OF THE INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND AND THE WORLD BANK.  DETAILS.  6. The functions of the Monetary and Economic Council set up by the National Government will continue to be to advise the Government on.  (a) the main economic and financial problems which affect costs and internal price stability.  (b) the provision of finance for expanding primary and manufacturing industries and services and ensuring full employment with higher living standards.  (c) steps necessary to ensure that an adequate, but not excessive, supply of money is in circulation. And.  (d) any reforms in the monetary system it considers desirable from time to time.  The Council will continue to be an independent body free to publish its reports and recommendations for the information of the public.  7. Decimal coinage will be introduced into New Zealand on 11th July 1967, in co-ordination with similar moves in the U.K. and Australia and to this end legislation will be introduced to prepare for the changeover.  4. EDUCATION.  BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT BELIEVES THAT OUR YOUNG PEOPLE SHOULD BE TRAINED TO USE AND DEVELOP THEIR TALENTS TO THE FULL.  ENCOURAGED TO REALISE THAT NO REAL SUCCESS COMES WITHOUT REAL EFFORT. AND.  WILLING TO RENDER LOYAL AND FAITHFUL SERVICE TO THEIR COUNTRY AND THEIR FELLOW MEN.  AND THAT OUR EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM SHOULD BE DIRECTED TO THESE ENDS.  2. THE OBJECTIVE OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT'S EDUCATION POLICY IS THAT EVERY STUDENT SHOULD BE GIVEN THE OPPORTUNITY OF EDUCATION WHICH WOULD ENABLE HIM TO REACH HIS OBJECTIVE IN LIFE.  3. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT IS STRIVING TO CREATE THE CONDITIONS IN WHICH THE APPEAL OF THE TEACHING PROFESSION ATTRACTS DEDICATED AND ABLE MEN AND WOMEN, AND IN WHICH THE DESIRE TO LEARN AND TAKE SOCIETY TO HIGHER LEVELS OF ATTAINMENT IS A DOMINANT URGE OF TEACHERS AND STUDENTS ALIKE.  4. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT ACCEPTS THE OBJECTIVES IN THE REPORT OF THE COMMISSION ON EDUCATION AS A CHALLENGE TO POSITIVE ACTION AND THOUGH PROGRESS HAS BEEN MADE IN REACHING THESE OBJECTIVES, WE PROPOSE TO PUSH FORWARD TO THE LIMITS OF OUR POWERS AND RESOURCES SO THAT NEW ZEALAND'S EDUCATION MAY BE THOROUGHLY SUITED TO THE NATION'S NEEDS AND IN KEEPING WITH PROGRESS ELSEWHERE.  DETAILS.  5. Teaching Profession. The National Government's objective is that the teachers of New Zealand should be a body of men and women in sufficient numbers, well educated, well trained-, enthusiastic and adequately paid. The Commission proposed a 10-year plan to improve the status of the teaching profession and the National Government will try to shorten this target period. This will be done by proceeding as quickly as practicable to raise minimum academic standards for recruitment to University Entrance Certificate, to give better training of entrants and generally making the teaching profession more attractive to those of high scholastic attainment. The Commission's recommendations on various aspects of teacher status will be the basis of the National Government's planning.  6. Teacher Training. The Government has already announced an extension of the training period to three years, more and better equipped Training Colleges, more college hostels for trainees and a gradual strengthening of college staffing. In addition, we will encourage further in-service training. to keep teachers up to date in their knowledge of curricula and teaching methods.  7. Smaller Classes. The National Government has already made consider-able progress in reducing the size of classes and it will endeavour to improve upon the minimum targets set by the Commission for class numbers.  8. Part-time Teacher Assistance. The provision of clerical assistance to relieve teachers of non-classroom work will be reviewed from time to time to try and give more relief. So long as many classes must continue to be larger than desirable, part-time assistance will be provided for special work with retarded children, particularly in reading and arithmetic.  9. Specialist Assistance for Teachers. Better standards will be sought in this important aspect of modern education including psychological services to help teachers with maladjusted children and in guidance counsellor services.  10. Curriculum. The National Government will expand and improve the facilities for teaching mathematics, science and languages so that they may be commenced in Form I. Improved methods of instruction in keeping with latest techniques will be fostered in all subjects. Further attention will be given to the teaching of agricultural subjects in schools and colleges. It is proposed to introduce a pilot scheme for the training of farm cadets which in the first instance will be operative in Otago and Southland. If successful, the scheme will be extended to other districts.  11. Opportunities for Brilliant Pupils. The National Government, believing that our country depends in a special way on the activities of its most gifted members, will see that further efforts are made to identify children of high intelligence or special talent as early as possible and to provide them with the fullest opportunities and .incentives to develop their abilities.  12. Buildings and Equipment. An important part of the National Government's planning for expansion of education Facilities is the replacement of obsolete and temporary buildings and the supply by Government of more of the essential teaching aids and similar essential equipment. The Commission's proposal for gymnasia in all schools is endorsed, particularly where there are inadequate playing fields, and as a first step the subsidy for those is to be increased from one to two pounds for £1 with a subsidy limit of £9,000.  13. Country Children. The National Government has always striven to give special help to country children living array from main centres. In addition to establishing more Form I - VI schools in selected districts and re-organising district high schools to take in this range of forms, we propose to build more school hostels to cater for children who must live away from home to get their secondary education. It is also proposed to continue the more generous boarding allowances granted by the National Government and also to continue to improve school transport services.  14. Technical Education. In order to develop industry and services fully and efficiently, technical education must be geared to providing a greater number of technicians. Advances in technical training are therefore a major educational objective of the National Government. To meet the increasing demands of this technical and scientific age with its new horizons of opportunities in technical skills for our youth, we will accelerate the development of senior technical institutions by dividing the polytechnics from the technical high schools at an earlier stage of growth and also extend into the higher field of institutes of technology. Special attention will be given to the adequacy of the buildings, equipment, libraries and staffing, including ancillary assistance. Closer relations between the education authorities and industry will be fostered in order to anticipate the growing need for training technically qualified young people for the many branches of industry needing them. Favourable consideration will be given to the recommendation of the Commission to increase the number of manual training centres in order to make them available to all pupils, both State and private.  15. Universities. Because higher education in our Universities makes a tremendous contribution to national progress by providing teachers, scientists, research workers, professional men and women as well as many leaders in industry, the National Government will make special endeavours to meet the capital needs of the Universities. Already it has agreed to a capital works programme for the Universities over the next five years amounting, to £28.8 million. This programme is to make provision for the rapidly increasing numbers who will enter our Universities in the next few years. The National Government will aim to achieve conditions of employment for the teaching staff that are conducive to attracting and retaining professors and lecturers of high academic attainments. Provision of more halls of residence and other suitable accommodation for University students is an important need and has high priority in the National Government's policy on University development.  16. Educational Research. The National Government, which, during the last three years, more than doubled the grant to the Council of Educational Research will continue to encourage this valuable work.  17. Pre-school education through play-centres and kindergartens remains an important aspect of policy related to early training and approval will be given to more kindergartens as staff becomes available.  5. LITERATURE & THE ARTS.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT BELIEVES IT SHOULD ENCOURAGE THE ARTS AND ASSIST IN awakening OUR GROWING NATION TO THE CONTRIBUTION THE ARTS CAN MAKE IN PROMOTING NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE BROADEST SENSE. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT THINKS INCENTIVES SHOULD BE PROVIDED TO THOSE IN THE COMMUNITY ABLE AND WILLING TO PROMOTE THE ARTS IN THEIR HIGHER FORMS SO THAT THE NOTABLE ACHIEVEMENTS OF NEW ZEALAND IN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS WILL BE MATCHED BY GREATER PROGRESS IN THE ARTS.  2. TO THESE ENDS, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE ITS POLICY OF IMPROVING THE FACILITIES FOR EDUCATION IN AND THE PRACTICE OF THE LIBERAL ARTS, OF MAKING GRANTS TO ORGANISATIONS ENGAGED IN CULTURAL ACTIVITIES, AND OF ALLOWING TAX CONCESSIONS TO THOSE MAKING DONATIONS FOR EDUCATIONAL AND CULTURAL PURPOSES.  DETAILS.  3. Queen Elizabeth II Arts Council. The National Government has made provision to establish this Council to encourage and foster the development of the arts in New Zealand and render them accessible to the public. It is expected that the Council will arouse public interest in and support for the arts and it will receive the full support of the National Government and be regarded as the central agency for promoting the arts so far as national encouragement and jurisdiction are concerned.  4. Art Galleries and Museums. The National Government, in addition to maintaining the National Art Gallery and Dominion Museum, will continue to assist other art galleries and museums by making funds available, either directly or through appropriate agencies.  5. Historic Places. The National Historic Places Trust,, established by the National Government in 1954, has done much to mark, preserve and record New Zealand's historic places. The National Government will continue to ensure that the Trust is enabled to carry out its functions adequately.  6. National Archives. The National Government put the preservation of national archives on a firm basis by enacting the Archives Act of 1957. During recent years considerable progress in sorting and preserving archives of importance in New Zealand's administration and history has been made. The National Government will continue this work.  7. Literature. The National Government supports the country's creative writers through the New Zealand State Literary Fund and has made additional money available to the Fund.  8. Historic Articles. The Historic Articles Act, promoted by the National Government in 1962, is directed to retaining in New Zealand, as far as is possible, historic articles and documents that are part of our country's cultural heritage.  9. Maori Arts and Crafts. The National Government has passed the Rotorua Maori Arts and Crafts Institute Act to establish at Whakarewarewa an Institute for the teaching and practice of the principal Maori arts and crafts. It is hoped also to establish a school of carving. This development is a positive step towards preserving the cultural heritage of the Maori people in this field. If it meets with the success confidently anticipated, consideration will be given to setting up institutes in other districts.  10. National War Memorial. The National Government will complete the National War Memorial in Wellington which it is hoped will be opened in 1964.  11. National School of Music. The National Government looks forward to the establishment of a National School of Music and will continue its efforts to find the best means of achieving this.  12. National Library. The National Government has approved in principle the establishment of a National Library and the appointment of a National Librarian. This Library will embrace the National Library Service, the General Assembly Library and the Alexander Turnbull Library but will as far as possible preserve their separate identities.  6. SCIENCE.  BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT ASSERTS THAT NEW ZEALAND’S GROWTH AND WELL-BEING DEPENDS INCREASINGLY ON ITS EFFECTIVE USE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND IS STRIVING TO BRING THIS ABOUT BY THE PROVISION OF ADEQUATE EQUIPMENT AND FACILITIES. IT IS CONVINCED THAT TO USE THE RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO BEST ADVANTAGE, THERE MUST BE A PROPER ALLOCATION BETWEEN THE VARIOUS FIELDS OF RESEARCH NEEDED IN NEW ZEALAND AND THAT WITHIN THESE FIELDS THERE MUST BE A PROPER BALANCE BETWEEN THE EFFORT DEVOTED TO THE INCREASE OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE AND TO ITS APPLICATION. IN ACCORDANCE WITH THIS POLICY THE GOVERNMENT WILL ENCOURAGE A VIGOROUS EXPANSION IN THE ACTIVITIES OF ALL AGENCIES ENGAGED IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH OF PARTICULAR IMPORTANCE TO NEW ZEALAND.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL MAKE DETERMINED EFFORTS TO SEE THAT STATE DEPARTMENTS UNIVERSITIES AND INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES ENCOURAGE SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, THE 1963 BUDGET CONCESSION ALLOWING ALL PLANT AND EQUIPMENT FOR USE IN RESEARCH INSTALLED AFTER MARCH 1963 TO BE WRITTEN OFF OVER 5 YEARS IS EVIDENCE OF THE GOVERNMENT’S DESIRE TO ENCOURAGE THE USE OF MODERN RESEARCH EQUIPMENT.  3. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL PROVIDE ADEQUATE OPPORTUNITIES TO SUITABLY QUALIFIED YOUNG PEOPLE TO EMBARK UPON SCIENTIFIC CAREERS AND DO THE UTMOST TO SEE THAT THE TEACHERS, COLLEGES, AND EQUIPMENT TO TRAIN THEM ARE AVAILABLE. THE OBJECTIVE IS TO PROVIDE A PLENTIFUL SUPPLY OF MEN AND WOMEN HIGHLY QUALIFIED IN ALL FIELDS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCE BUT WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASIS ON THOSE FIELDS WHICH ARE RELEVANT TO NEW ZEALAND. AND TO ENSURE THAT THEIR INTEREST IS AROUSED IN NEW ZEALAND'S PROBLEMS.  DETAILS.  4. The National Government, in a major effort to co-ordinate the results of research in New Zealand, will implement the National Research Advisory Council Act passed in 1963. This Council is the first time a body has been appointed with responsibility of advising Government on the whole field of research, and its formation is a vital step towards the co-ordination and planning of science. It will provide the Government with the best advice obtainable on the promotion and development of scientific research in New Zealand, on priorities among research activities of Government Departments with special regard to research by other agencies, and on the association of Government with industry in promoting fundamental research.  5. The National Government made provision in setting up the Board of Control for distributing Golden Kiwi Lottery profits for a substantial share of the available funds to be allocated for scientific and medical research. Projects financed from this source will be supplementary to, and not in substitution for, work normally undertaken as a Departmental function. In conformity with this policy, the Board of Control has announced its intention to set aside £1,25 million over the next five years for specific research projects.  The effect will be that each project, when approved, will be endowed with sufficient funds to guarantee its completion. In addition, the Board has already approved grants for scientific purposes totalling over £250,000.  6. To encourage capable scientists to continue their work in New Zealand, the National Government will offer adequate opportunities for them to travel overseas and meet their counterparts in other countries. In the current year £21,000 has been provided in block votes for this purpose to assist scientists in the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research and the Department of Agriculture. These funds are allocated almost entirely at the discretion of the chief scientific officers of the Department. In addition, other Departments such as the Forest Service and Marine Department are spending sums totalling several thousand pounds a year for overseas travel for scientists. Where suitable, the provision of fellowships for renowned overseas scientists to work in New Zealand will be extended.  7. Other aspects of the National Government's programme for intensifying scientific research include.  (a) adequate subsidies and the necessary facilities and equipment.  (b) a level of salaries for scientists and research workers which will aim to attract and retain suitable appointees.  (c) intensification of the capital works programme of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research and other scientific building programmes.  (d) practical and substantial help in maintaining a close liaison between the Department and the Universities for the vigorous prosecution of research.  (e) further impetus to the development of industrial research associations and backing the Department in continuing its fine work in this direction. And.  (f) Closer co-ordination of research related to our primary industries with special reference to the scientific search activities of the Soil, Plant and Animal Husbandry Sections and the needs of export development.  7. HEALTH.  BASIC POLICY.  1. THE HEALTH POLICY OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AIMS TO IMPROVE THE HEALTH OF THE PEOPLE GENERALLY AS WELL AS THE WELFARE OF THE, INDIVIDUAL PATIENT. TO ACHIEVE THIS, EFFICIENT PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES WHICH TAKE FULL ADVANTAGE OF SCIENTIFIC ADVANCES AND MODERN EQUIPMENT ARE A BASIC OBJECTIVE. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT ALSO BELIEVES THAT SUITABLE VOLUNTARY ORGANISATIONS SHOULD BE ENCOURAGED IN THEIR IMPORTANT SPHERES AS VALUABLE COMMUNITY SELF-HELP AND INITIATIVE WHICH SHOULD NOT RE SUPPLANTED BY PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES UNLESS THE NEED IS CLEARLY PROVED.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT, WITH THE OBJECTIVES OF GIVING BETTER SERVICE TO THOSE NEEDING NURSING ASSISTANCE AND OF SAVING UNNECESSARY EXPENDITURE IN PUBLIC HOSPITALS, WILL EXPAND THE DISTRICT NURSING SERVICE IN BOTH TOWN AND COUNTRY DISTRICTS AS WELL AS ENCOURAGE HOSPITAL BOARDS AND PRIVATE HOSPITALS TO DEVELOP THE HOME NURSING SERVICE.  3. IN KEEPING WITH THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT'S CONCERN TO DEAL SYMPATHETICALLY WITH THOSE NEEDING SPECIAL HELP, ITS POLICY FOR THE AGED IS BASED ON THE FOLLOWING PRINCIPLES.  (a) THE RIGHT AND RESPONSIBILITY OF THE FAMILY TO CARE AS FAR AS POSSIBLE FOR ITS OLDER MEMBERS.  (b) WHERE AGED PEOPLE CANNOT REASONABLY BE HELPED BY THEIR FAMILIES THEN THE COMMUNITY IN WHICH THEY LIVE, WORKING THROUGH RELIGIOUS OR WELFARE ORGANISATIONS AND LOCAL AUTHORITIES WITH GOVERNMENT ASSISTANCE WHERE NECESSARY, IS BEST QUALIFIED TO CARE FOR THEM. AND.  (c) WHERE AGED PEOPLE CANNOT BE HELPED BY THE COMMUNITY, THEN THE GOVERNMENT, WORKING THROUGH HOSPITAL BOARDS, SHOULD CARE FOR THEM.  DETAILS.  4. The National Government will continue its policy of generous grants and assistance to the Plunket Society and affirms that the Society should be maintained as one of the important voluntary health organisations in the community.  5. Encouragement will be given to the work of district nurses, social workers, occupational therapists, physiotherapists and home aids. The National Government will also promote extensions of the voluntary "meals on wheels" scheme and the laundry service for the aged and infirm.  6. The National Government will improve the services for the mentally ill along the lines revealed in its introduction and administration of the Mental Health Amendment Act 1961. This new approach to caring for and treating those suffering from mental illnesses includes simpler and more informal procedure for admissions. Day services and outpatient clinics have been introduced and better liaison established with public hospitals while there has been improved recruitment of professional psychiatric workers. The National Government will aim to keep abreast with latest overseas trends in caring for the mentally sick.  7. The principal aspects of the National Government's administration of public health are.  (a) General.  (i) improved school medical services.  (ii) Continuation of free dental services for children up to the age of     16.  (iii) Intensification of national campaign on deafness.  (iv) Inauguration of a national campaign on defective vision (for early     recognition of glaucoma and education on industrial eye accidents).  (v) Intensification of occupational health programme, including a     campaign on leptospirosis.  (vi) Residential and non residential services and facilities for, the     intellectually handicapped.  (b)Aged.  (i) Assistance to organisations willing to provide for some form of voluntary service combined with appropriate rest or recreational centres to give short periods of relief for near relatives and others giving constant attention to those who are incapacitated through illness or age.  (ii) Continuation of the policy of generously subsidising religious and welfare organisations in the capital cost of providing old peoples homes.  (c) Hospitals.  (i) Maintenance and expansion of a comprehensive and efficient health     and hospital service administered locally elected Hospital Boards.  (ii) Provision of finance to encourage Hospital Boards to allow doctors     adequate opportunity to study abroad.  (iii) Continuation of the campaign towards the establishment of more     hospital rehabilitation units for helping patients back to normal     domestic and trade duties, and the greater use of disabled civilian     rehabilitation training centres.  (iv) Continuance of the subsidy and suspensory loans schemes introduced     by the first National Government to assist Private Hospitals and     Maternity Homes. We have increased the subsidies to private     hospitals and their patients and will keep these under review.  (d) Nursing.  (i) Periodical review of pay and working conditions of all nurses.  (ii) To save unnecessary expenditure in public hospitals, encouragement     of the appointment of district nurses in country districts as well     as the home nursing service. In addition, community nurses, after     short training courses, are being organised in the main urban areas.  (e) Immunisation Against Polio.  The National Government has achieved spectacular success in its drive against polio and for the future will continue free immunisation for both children and adults.  (f) Attack on Tb.  The National Government will continue its Tb control programme with a view to reducing this disease still further.  (g) Radiation Protection.  A new aspect of public health policy will be intensified vigilence in detecting increases in radiation, including radio-active fall-out, and provision of adequate measures for protection of the public.  8. HOUSING.  BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AIMS TO ENSURE THAT NEW HOMES ARE BUILT ECONOMICALLY AND IN SUFFICIENT NUMBERS TO MEET TIE, HOUSING REQUIREMENTS OF ALL OUR PEOPLE.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AFFIRM THAT HOME-OWNERSHIP IS SOMETHING ADDED TO THE INDEPENDENCE OF THE CITIZEN AND WILL THEREFORE CONTINUE TO ENCOURAGE HOME OWNERSHIP BY LIBERAL LOAN ASSISTANCE, BY STIMULATING PRIVATE FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS TO LEND FOR HOUSING, BY FOSTERING SUCH SCHEMES AS GROUP BUILDING AND BY THE SALE OF STATE HOUSES TO THEIR TENANTS. THE FIRST NATIONAL GOVERNMENT PASSED THE JOINT FAMILY HOMES ACT WHICH GIVES PROTECTION TO FAMILY HOMES.  3. IN VIEW OF THE GROWING PROBLEM OF URBAN SPRAWL, WHICH IS SWALLOWING UP PRODUCTIVE FARM LANDS AND ENORMOUSLY INCREASING THE COST OF PROVIDING COMMUNITY SERVICES, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL ENCOURAGE THE BUILDING OF MULTI-STOREY ACCOMMODATION.  4. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT BELIEVES SLUM CLEARANCE IN THE MAIN CITIES MUST BE GIVEN INCREASING PROMINENCE AS DEVELOPMENTS OCCUR IN THE INNER-CITY AREAS AND OLDER HOUSING BECOMES SUB-STANDARD. IT IS THEREFORE PROPOSED TO CONTINUE CONSULTATIONS WITH THE CITY COUNCILS CONCERNED WITH THE OBJECT OF THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT PLAYING ITS PART IN DEVELOPING A LONG TERM APPROACH TO INNER-CITY RESIDENTIAL ACCOMMODATION AND, WHERE NECESSARY, ASSISTING LOCAL BODIES WITH FINANCE FOR MAJOR PROJECTS.  DETAILS.  5. The National Government will provide loans of up to 100 per cent of the cost of new houses with a limit of £2850 where the applicant owns a suitable freehold section. the present limit is 2700.  6. We will lend to applicants with families who wish to purchase approved existing houses up to two thirds of the value within the present lending limits (£2500 to £2650 according to size of family). Interest will be at 3% where qualified by income, or at 5% if not qualified for the concession rate.  7. We will transfer State Advances mortgages to purchasers of approved existing houses unto two thirds of the value, not exceeding the present lending limits (£2500 to £2650 according to size of family). Interest will be at 3% where qualified by income, or at 5% if not qualified for the concession rate.  8. To assist in the purchase of the older and larger homes, by people with families, we will encourage greater use of the mortgage guarantee scheme whereby the State guarantees to approved lending institutions the amount needed above first mortgage limits and 85% of the value, with a loan limit of £3000.  9. The National Government will reduce, as from 1st. December, 1963, the stamp duty able by the initial purchaser of a flat for personal residence to an amount equal only to the proportionate share of the cost of the land.  10. The National Government, in furtherance of its policy of assisting home-building and home ownership, will continue the following features of its housing policy.  (a) the Group Building Scheme, under which a Government guarantee assists private building.  (b) the Home Lay-by Accounts Scheme, established by the first National Government, under which money saved to acquire a home is subsidised to the extent of £50 bonus on £1,000 saved.  (c) the scheme of capitalising family benefits for the purchase of new homes as well as State rental houses.  (d) the scheme of providing loans for new houses at 5% interest where applicants qualify for the concession rate.  (e) making available Crown sections to group builders on optional lease or purchase to enable home-seekers to purchase group houses with the lowest possible cash deposits.  (f) sale to private builders of sections in large Government housing blocks.  (g) Building departmental houses and “Pool” houses for State servants on transfer.  (h) Sale of State houses to tenants to encourage home ownership.  (i) provision of rental flats for single women in employment. And.  (j) encouragement to local bodies to play a greater part in the housing of citizens and in the development of building sections.  11. We will continue to build State rental houses to meet the needs of those on lower incomes where they are not able to build their own homes. In particular, we will.  continue to build larger houses to meet the needs of applicants with big families.  facilitate transfers of State tenants with larger families where they have out-grown their accommodation. And.  increase the number of smaller units for tenants whose families have now left home, and encourage these tenants to transfer from their larger accommodation.  12. We will continue to assist local bodies to finance pensioner flats at low rentals by generous subsidies and low interest loans.  13. We will continue to provide finance for assisting Counties with the Rural Housing Scheme to provide accommodation for farm workers, the limit for which has been recently increased from £2,500 to £3,000.  14. Community Centres in New Housing Areas. The National Government recognises the need to provide essential community facilities in big areas of new housing development as early as possible to provide adequate opportunities for young people, particularly, to enjoy social and leisure occupation. The Government has approved a scheme for financing community facilities linked with State school assembly halls in approved housing areas, both State and private. Proposals are in train for a second stage in this policy whereby multipurpose community buildings in the selected new housing areas would be financed on very favourable terms provided 10% of the cost has been raised locally. The National Government will do its utmost to ensure that the communities concerned are encouraged to take advantage of these moves, to assist people of all ages in large new housing areas to enjoy full community life as quickly as possible.  15. Tenancy Act. We have no proposals for the amendment of the Tenancy Act in the next term of Parliament.  9. SOCIAL SECURITY.  BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AFFIRMS THAT THE NATION HAS A DUTY TO CARE FOR THE AGED, THE SICK AND NEEDY WITH GENEROSITY AND JUSTICE, AND AT THE SAME TIME TO ENSURE THAT THE THRIFTY ARE NOT UNDULY PENALISED.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT ALSO BELIEVES THE COMMUNITY'S DUTY PARTICULARLY TOWARDS THE AGED, DOES NOT END WITH THE PAYMENT OF MONETARY BENEFITS BY THE STATE. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL, BY DIRECT ASSISTANCE, ENCOURAGE THE GREAT CONTRIBUTION TO HUMAN WELFARE WHICH IS MADE BY VOLUNTARY ORGANISATIONS. WE BELIEVE THE WELFARE SERVICES OF NEW ZEALAND CAN BE IMPROVED AND EXTENDED WITH THE CO-OPERATION OF VOLUNTARY ORGANISATIONS.  3. THE RATES OF BENEFITS, OTHER THAN FAMILY, WILL BE INCREASED FROM TIME. TO TIME HAVING REGARD TO INCREASES IN NATIONAL INCOME, WAGES AND THE COST OF LIVING AS WAS DONE BY THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT IN 1962 FOLLOWING THE GENERAL WAGE ORDER INCREASE AND AGAIN IN 1963.  DETAILS.  4. The social advances achieved in recent years, particularly for the benefit of aged People, have been made possible in large measure by the inspired work of the religious and welfare organisations, assisted by State subsidies . We believe that more can be achieved in the sphere of social-welfare by this partnership than can be achieved by State action alone. The National Government will continue to strive at all times to help and extend this field of social welfare. The Government's new policy of allowing certain donations made out of income to approved charitable and welfare organisations to be deductible for income tax has given new impetus to the flow of charitable donations for community welfare purposes.  5. We will continue to use the Welfare Fund (formerly called the Special Assistance Fund) established by the first National Government to the best advantage. and will liberalise its scope by substantially increasing the maximum grants as well as giving more generous exemptions for the assets of applicants.  6. The National Government will increase to £4 per week, the allowable income for social security beneficiaries, war pensioners and war veterans whose allowable income is now £3 per week.  7. The National Government will undertake a comprehensive review of the policy relating to social security benefits for mental hospital patients, with a view to providing a fairer measure of assistance to patients and their dependants.  8. We will keep under review the present reciprocal Social Security arrangements with the United Kingdom and Australia.  MAORI AFFAIRS. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE BASIC POLICY OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT IS EQUALITY BETWEEN MAORI AND EUROPEAN IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE SPIRIT AND MEANING OF THE TREATY OF WAITANGI.  2. BELIEVING THAT ALL OUR CITIZENS HAVE A NATURAL AND LEGAL RIGHT TO COMPLETE EQUALITY, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AIMS AT SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC EQUALITY FOR THE MAORI PEOPLE AS FELLOW NEW ZEALAND CITIZENS. IT WILL CONTINUE TO BRING TO BEAR IN ALL ASPECTS OF ITS POLICY AND ADMINISTRATION A GENUINE DESIRE TO ASSIST THEM SPECIALLY WHEN PARTICULAR NEEDS REQUIRE SYMPATHETIC ATTENTION.  3. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT RECOGNISES THAT THE MAORI PEOPLE ARE TAKING A SIGNIFICANT SHARE IN THE GENERAL ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL LIFE OF THE COUNTRY AND WILL ACTIVELY ENCOURAGE THE DEVELOPMENT OF SELF-RELIANCE, SKILLS, INITIATIVE, RESPONSIBILITY AND FULL CITIZENSHIP.  4. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL DEVELOP AND FURTHER ENCOURAGE MAORI CULTURAL PURSUITS SUCH AS ARTS AND CRAFTS AND HISTORY, SO AS TO PRESERVE ALL THAT IS BEST IN MAORITANGA. TO THIS END, PRESENT SUBSIDIES WILL BE CONTINUED.  5. THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MAJOR ASPECTS OF THE HUNN REPORT, THE SETTING UP OF THE MAORI EDUCATION FOUNDATION AND THE NEW ZEALAND MAORI COUNCIL ARE ALL EVIDENCE OF THE DETERMINATION BY THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT TO IMPROVE THE STATUS AND FURTHER THE PROGRESS OF THE MAORI PEOPLE.  6. AN IMPORTANT OBJECTIVE IS TO INCREASE THE RATE AND SCOPE OF THE ALREADY CONSIDERABLE DEVELOPMENT OF MAORI LAND UNDER THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT.  DETAILS.  7. Lands Policy.  The National Government will.  (a) make advances to Maori Land Incorporations to assist them carry out     essential improvements or bring in new land.  (b) encourage and assist financially with the afforestation of suitable     blocks of Maori land.  (c) give Maori land owners in Incorporations, if after consultation they     wish to do so, the power to convert their landholdings in an     Incorporation into shares, thereby stopping for all time the further     fragmentation of their land, such shares to be given the protection     at present afforded to Maori land.  (d) encourage and assist owners of Maori land to adopt schemes for title     improvements, similar to than used in the case of the West Coast     Settlement Reserves, for the amalgamation of titles and the     conveyance of small interests to trustees upon trust for the benefit     of Maoris.  (e) provide assistance in the enforcement, against defaulting lessees,     of the covenants of leases of Maori land.  (f) ensure to the extent Maori land is available, that properly     qualified young Maoris who wish to go farming are given the     opportunity of being settled on a farm.  (g) provide opportunities for suitable young Maoris to get a complete     farm training.  (h) make advances to settlers to purchase freeholds where the owners are     willing to sell.  (i) assist with the subdivision of suitable blocks of Maori land into     residential sections.  (j) examine the possibility of giving local bodies power, in appropriate     circumstances, to modify the requirements of the Town and Country     Planning Act and its ordinances as they affect Maori Land.  (k) set up more training farms under control of the Department of Maori     Affairs as a means of rehabilitating some young Maoris released from     borstal into civilian life. And.  (l) investigate the potential for wider diversification of Maori farming     and to assess the feasibility of such operations as market     gardening, maize-growing, the raising of kumeras and similar     cropping.  8. Housing.  Because so many of the difficulties of the Maori people have stemmed from inadequate or sub-standard housing, the National Government has made special efforts to overcome the back-log in new housing for Maoris and the progress already achieved indicates that the first target set by the Hunn Report for accomplishment in four years will be achieved in three. Maori housing will continue to have high priority while the need is great. In particular, a National Government will.  (a) assist young married couples to obtain satisfactory housing by granting loans from the Maori Trustee in addition to the normal loans, provided 10% of the value of the section has been paid.  (b) create special facilities to conduct a housing survey to ascertain the number and location of sub-standard Maori dwellings that should be replaced by modern houses.  (c) provide suitable cottages for rental in the locality concerned for elderly Maoris living in sub-standard dwellings on Maori land which the owners desire the Government, and it is willing, to develop. And.  (d) continue the policy already introduced by the National Government on a trial basis of building rental flats for young Maori women working in cities, so as to provide a friendly and proper environment as a counter to the less desirable influences of city life.  9. A National Government will continue the provision of hostels for young Maori people working in cities either by the Government itself or by the Churches and other suitable organisations with the aid of Government subsidies.  10. A National Government will maintain and extend the Welfare Officer Service and encourage the work of Maori Women's Welfare Leagues which were established under the first National Government.  11. While recognising that progressively larger numbers of Maoris will become urban workers and residents, a National Government will endeavour to maintain and strengthen the home communities of Maoris in rural areas.  12. We will continue to encourage the Maori Committee organisation and consult the N.Z. Maori Council on all proposed legislation affecting the Maori people.  13. Education.  The establishment of the Maori Education Foundation by the National Government, with splendid support from the Maori people themselves, was a recognition of the need for a new effort to remove the handicaps arising from their background and circumstances. The Foundation is now supplementing what the school system is doing for Maori education by giving help at all levels from the pre-school to the university. In furtherance of its interest in Maori education, a National Government will give further special educational assistance to Maoris when the need is clearly shown, for example, by providing additional help to schools in which there are many pupils (Maoris or others) whose achievements are lagging seriously behind their capacities.  14. Emphasis will be placed on youth leadership training and the formation of suitable youth organisations.  15. The National Government has greatly extended the trade training schemes, having opened new schemes in Wellington and Christchurch. Special training courses for Maoris at the Seddon Memorial Technical College in Auckland have been inaugurated for plumbers and electricians. We will extend this development to embrace additional trades. This policy is aimed at developing the abilities and potential skills of the Maori people which in past years have in many cases not been fully utilised. The total number of Maori young men being trained under these schemes has been increased to 132 a year and the National Government has plans to further increase these numbers.  16. A National Government will strive to get more Maoris to seek professional and skilled occupations and will encourage suitable young people to take advantage of appropriate education opportunities including scholarships.  17. Full support and encouragement will continue to be given to adult education among Maoris.  18. Health.  The Maori Health Committee of the Board of Health established by a National Government will continue its vigorous policy of diagnosing health problems peculiar to Maoris and promote treatment programmes to improve their health. Every opportunity is being taken to increase the health education programme among Maoris. In particular, a National Government will.  (a) extend the special provisions for the treatment of ear complaints in Maori children as made available at the Waikato Hospital to the Auckland and Northland areas.  (b) make the treatment of anaemia in Maori mothers and young children the subject of special measures to be carried out by Public Health Nurses.  (c) launch an all-out attack on pulmonary tuberculosis by an increased diagnostic and treatment campaign. And.  (d) make special efforts to reduce infant mortality.  11. ISLAND TERRITORIES.  BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE ITS POLICY OF GRANTING PROGRESSIVELY A GREATER DEGREE OF INTERNAL SELF-GOVERNMENT TO NEW ZEALAND'S ISLAND TERRITORIES.  2. COOK ISLANDS. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT IN 1957 SET UP THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY AND IN 1961 ESTABLISHED AN EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE ELECTED BY MEMBERS OF THE ASSEMBLY. MORE RECENTLY AN EMINENT CONSULTATIVE COMMITTEE WAS APPOINTED WITH A VIEW TO DEVELOPING MORE SELF-GOVERNMENT. AFTER CONSIDERING THE COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDATIONS, IT IS PROPOSED THAT FROM 1965 THERE WILL BE A CABINET OF FIVE INCLUDING A CHIEF MINISTER WHICH WILL, SUBJECT TO REVIEW OF ITS OPERATIONS BY THE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL PRESIDED OVER BY THE RESIDENT COMMISSIONER, HAVE COMPLETE CONTROL OF THE INTERNAL GOVERNMENT OF THE TERRITORY.  3. NIUE ISLAND . THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS PROVIDED FOR A LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF FOURTEEN, ELECTED BY THE FOURTEEN VILLAGES, WHICH WILL ADMINISTER THE INTERNAL AFFAIRS OF THE ISLAND IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE RESIDENT COMMISSIONER.  DETAILS.  4. Efforts will continue to be made to improve the economies of the Island Territories and. thus enable a greater contribution to be made locally to the costs of Government. Meantime the New Zealand Government is providing subsidies, now amounting to about £1 million annually, in addition to loans for housing development.  5. The New Zealand Government has transferred to the Cook Islands Assembly full responsibility for the operation of the fruit control scheme with assets amounting in value to £543,000. Recoveries of advances from growers will be applied by the Legislative Assembly to further expansion of the economy.  6. The policy will be continued of replacing European officers in Government administration with Islanders as they become qualified and available for this work.  7. We will establish new secondary schools and continue to increase the number of scholarships in New Zealand at post-primary schools, trade training establishments and universities.  8. We will continue the present policy of encouraging local industry, increasing the production of existing primary products and continue the experiments in the introduction of new species with the aim of making the island territories more viable and so more independent of New Zealand.  12. EXTERNAL AFFAIRS.  BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT'S POLICY IN EXTERNAL AFFAIRS IS THE VIGOROUS PURSUIT OF NEW ZEALAND'S NATIONAL INTERESTS, THE SUPPORT OF OUR OWN AND OTHERS' INDEPENDENCE, AND THE LOYAL DISCHARGE OF OUR INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS.  2. WE WILL CONTINUE TO EXERT ALL THE INFLUENCE WITHIN THE POWER OF A SMALL COUNTRY TO PRESERVE WORLD PEACE AND TO PROMOTE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC PROGRESS. WE WILL GIVE FIRM SUPPORT TO THE UNITED NATIONS.  3. WE PLEDGE OURSELVES TO KEEP THE COMMONWEALTH A STRONG FORCE IN WORLD AFFAIRS AND SO MAINTAIN ITS UNRIVALLED CONTRIBUTION IN THE SERVICE OF EQUALITY AND INTER-RACIAL UNDERSTANDING AND HARMONY. WE SHALL PRESERVE OUR SPECIALLY CLOSE TIES WITH BRITAIN AND SEEK TO STRENGTHEN OUR FRIENDLY ASSOCIATION WITH OTHER COMMONWEALTH MEMBERS.  4. WE WHOLEHEARTEDLY SUPPORT THE GOAL OF GENERAL DISARMAMENT BY MEANS OF AN INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT. WE WILL CONTINUE TO PRESS FOR THE EARLIEST POSSIBLE CONCLUSION OF A TREATY BANNING NUCLEAR TESTS, AND CONTINUING SATISFACTORY ARRANGEMENTS FOR VERIFICATION AND CONTROL.  5. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO GIVE FULL WEIGHT TO NEW ZEALAND'S MEMBERSHIP OF ANZUS, SEATO AND COMMONWEALTH DEFENCE ARRANGEMENTS, BY THE EFFECTIVE ORGANISATION OF OUR MILITARY FORCES AS A CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEFENCE OF THE PACIFIC AND SOUTH-EAST ASIA.  DETAILS.  6. In carrying out the above policy the National Government will.  (a) maintain, on all matters of common concern, the closest possible consultation with Britain and other members of the Commonwealth.  (b) support the economic, social and political development of the Pacific islands and co-operate closely with other Pacific powers, particularly in the South Pacific Commission.  (c) strive to make our partnership with Australia and the United States of America even more effective in the interests of peace and progress in the Pacific, where our commitments lead us to closer co-operation with these two countries.  (d) in recognition of the importance to New Zealand of economic and political developments in Asia, do all it can to encourage co-operation and closer relations with our neighbours in that area.  (e) support the establishment of Malaysia.  (f) continue to contribute to schemes of international aid to under-developed countries, especially the Colombo Plan which was introduced during the term of the first National Government and including the technical training of Asian students in New Zealand, currently averaging about 200 a year.  (g) encourage and where appropriate assist the Council of Volunteer Service Abroad, which the National Government sponsored, to arrange for volunteer workers from New Zealand to serve abroad.  (h) promote New Zealand's trading interests by all means including active participation in the GATT and other international bodies concerned with the development of a more stable and satisfactory basis for world trade. And.  (i) ensure that New Zealand's representation abroad is maintained and extended in accordance with its diplomatic, trading, and military needs.  13. OVERSEAS TRADE.  BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS INITIATED AND WILL PROMOTE ENERGETICALLY THE VIGOROUS EXPANSION AND THE STEADY DIVERSIFYING OF NEW ZEALAND'S EXPORT TRADE, AND A SENIOR MINISTER WILL CONTINUE TO HAVE THE SPECIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN GOVERNMENT FOR PROMOTING OVERSEAS TRADE IN BOTH FARM AND INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT APPOINTED THE TRADE PROMOTION COUNCIL WHICH IS MEETING REGULARLY AND DRAWING UPON THE WIDE EXPERIENCE OF ITS MEMBERS IN ASSISTING WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW ZEALAND'S EXPORTS. WE WILL CONTINUE TO ENCOURAGE ORGANISED PROMOTION OF EXPORT INDUSTRIES. THE ACKNOWLEDGED SUCCESS OF THE NATIONAL EXPORT PROMOTION CONFERENCE OF JUNE 1963 AND THE SUBSEQUENT REGIONAL CONFERENCES ARE A MEASURE OF THE GOVERNMENT'S DETERMINATION TO BUILD UP EXPORT MINDEDNESS AMONG ALL SECTIONS OF THE COMMUNITY AND TO ACHIEVE A GREATER EXPORT INCOME.  3. THE BROAD POLICY OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS BEEN AND WILL CONTINUE TO BE TO ENCOURAGE TRADE THROUGH PRIVATE ENTERPRISE AND ON A MULTILATERAL TRADING BASIS WITH THE BASE IN THE COMMON-WEALTH AND ITS PREFERENCES SO THAT NEW ZEALAND IMPORTERS AND EXPORTERS ARE FREE TO BUY AND SELL ON THE BEST MARKET AS THEY, IN THEIR EXPERIENCE OF TRADING, JUDGE IT TO BE. THE FUNCTION OF GOVERNMENT IN THIS SITUATION IS TO AID THE TRADER WITH ALL THE FACILITIES AND INCENTIVES AT ITS DISPOSAL IN THE WAYS OUT-LINED BELOW.  DETAILS.  1. The National Government's actions during the negotiations in 1962 between the United Kingdom and members of the European Economic Community won the confidence of New Zealand export interests and were widely acclaimed both abroad as well as in New Zealand. In the event of renewed negotiations for the United Kingdom to join the European Economic Community the same high priority as in 1962 will again be given by the National Government to ensure that New Zealand's export future in that area is safeguarded as far as possible, that New Zealand's view-point is thoroughly understood in the United Kingdom and Europe and that our special position is safeguarded.  5. In mounting the trade drive the National Government has.  (a) negotiated new and extended trade agreements (Malaya, Japan, U.K., U.S.S.R.).  (b) established new trade posts (Brussels, Vancouver, West Africa and now Eastern Mediterranean).  (c) promoted trade missions (South Pacific, Australia, Canada, U.S.A.).  (d) conducted trade surveys (South and Central America, Europe, Middle East, South East Asia).  (e) taken part in trade fairs (Sydney, Melbourne, Italy, Greece, Belgium, Holland, Germany, U.K.).  (f) supported trade promotion campaigns by advertising and publicity.  (g) allowed taxation deductions up to 15/- in £1 for export promotion expenditure.  (h) given income tax deduction incentives for increased export earnings from exports of manufactured and processed goods.  (i) provided import licence replacement and bonuses for the imported content of exported goods.  (j) set up the Trade Promotion Council.  (k) presented New Zealand's case at the Commonwealth and World Trade Conferences and in GATT, FAO and EEC negotiations.  (l) joined ECAFE - the United Nations Agency for economic and trading development in Asia and Far East.  (m) supported the Meat Export Development Company in expansion of export of lamb to U.S.A. and Canada.  (n) backed the Dairy Board in diversifying markets and establishing plants in South East Asia and West Indies. And.  (o) held the Export Development Conference and Regional Conferences and adopted many of the recommendations.  The continued promotion and expansion of the export drive will be carried forward on these lines.  6. World Trade Conference. New Zealand is on the preparatory committee which is organizing this Conference to be held next year. The objective of this Conference will be to obtain Freer trade and greater opportunities for trading in raw materials, primary products and manufactured goods from under-developed and developing countries. The National Government will take an active part in this Conference at both ministerial and official level.  7. Breaking Down Trade Barriers. Also in 1964, the Kennedy Round under the G.A.T.T. will take place and with it strenuous efforts will be made by the National Government to obtain better access for exports of primary produce to the industrialised countries.  8. New Zealand).  Australia). Limited Free Trade Area. By the end of April 1964, it is expected that the preliminary examination of this proposal will be completed. After close consultation with the New Zealand industries concerned, the National Government will then negotiate with the Australian Government to determine whether, and if so, the extent to which free trade between our two countries can be organized so as to increase trade both ways to our mutual advantage.  9. Trade Missions. Plans are already being made for a New Zealand selling trade mission next year to South East Asia and Japan.  10. Export Credit Insurance. The recommendation of the Export Development Conference for an export credit insurance scheme has been adopted by the National Government and negotiations have been commenced for its establishment.  11. Design Council. The National Government will encourage improvements in design and presentation of products, especially where there may be export potential. In particular, a Design Council will be promoted in industry with some Government financial assistance in its initial years.  12. Development Finance Corporation. To provide further source of finance for the establishment and development of industry the National Government has adopted the recommendations of the Tariff and Development Board for the setting up of a Development Finance Corporation based on private enterprise finance with some support from the Reserve Bank. Negotiations have commenced with interested parties for its establishment.  14. FARMING.  BASIC POLICY.  1. FARMING IS THE FOUNDATION OF NEW ZEALAND'S ECONOMY AND THE AIM OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT'S AGRICULTURAL POLICY IS TO ENSURE THAT FARMING IS EFFICIENT, EXPANDING AND PROFITABLE. INCREASED FARM PRODUCTION IS ESSENTIAL IF WE ARE TO ACHIEVE A HIGHER STANDARD OF LIVING FOR THE INCREASING POPULATION AND ASSURE SUFFICIENT OVERSEAS INCOME TO MAINTAIN A DEVELOPING ECONOMY.  2. BASIC THEREFORE TO THE ECONOMIC POLICY OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT ARE SUCH MEASURES AS WILL GIVE INCENTIVES TO GREATER PRODUCTION BY FARMERS AND BY THOSE PROCESSING AND MARKETING FARM PRODUCTS.  3. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO GIVE FULL SUPPORT TO FARMERS AND THOSE PROCESSING AND MARKETING FARM PRODUCTS IN THEIR ENDEAVOURS TO EXPAND MARKETS FOR PRIMARY PRODUCTS AT HOME AND ABROAD. NEGOTIATIONS AT GOVERNMENT LEVEL ON OVERSEAS MARKETING PROBLEMS WILL CONTINUE TO HAVE THE HIGHEST PRIORITY AFTER FULL AND FRANK CONSULTATIONS WITH FARMERS' REPRESENTATIVES.  4. THE TRADE PROMOTION COUNCIL, ON WHICH THE PRODUCER BOARDS ARE FULLY REPRESENTED, WILL CONTINUE TO GIVE EXPERT ADVICE TO THE Government ON THE EXPANSION AND DIVERSIFICATION OF OUR EXPORTS OF PRIMARY PRODUCTS.  DETAILS.  5. To promote further the well-being of the farming industry, the National Government has convened the Agricultural Development Conference representative of all sections of the economy. The Conference is being asked to set targets for production for the next two, five and ten years in the meat, wool and dairy industries. Working parties have been set-up to study factors affecting the industries' ability to achieve these targets including cost of production, changes in the system of farm finance, taxation, land valuation, land aggregation and farm labour.  6. The National Government will continue to expand and develop the Farm Advisory Service. As officers become available there will be an expansion of the intensive advisory groups.  7. The Department of Agriculture will co-operate fully with the Farm Improvement Clubs.  8. In accordance with our 1960 election manifesto, an early decision of the National Government was to establish a Veterinary College at Palmerston North as a School of the University of Manawatu. The Director of the College and some staff have been appointed and plans are sufficiently advanced for a first intake of 32 students in 1964. The aim is an ultimate roll of 200 undergraduates and 10 post-graduates with a total staff of 42 including 5 from other Faculties. Following the passing of the Veterinary Intermediate Examination at any University, a four-year Course of the highest standards is envisaged and the National Government will ensure that everything possible is done to enable this School to fulfil its important role in our farming services.  9. The National Government has decided, in co-operation with the Producer boards, to establish Veterinary Diagnostic Stations in Northland and at Lincoln College. When the services of the Veterinary College can be assessed a survey will be made of future needs and services in the field.  10. The National Government has decided to establish an Agricultural Machinery Testing Institute at Lincoln College to guide New Zealand farmers in the selection of equipment and to assist manufacturers to meet more adequately technical requirements under New Zealand conditions. Provision will be made for the investigation and development of tractor safety devices.  11. The National Government has decided to establish a Wool Division within the Department of Agriculture. To assist woolgrowers, the sheep and wool instruction service will be expanded by more than doubling the present number of 21 instructors.  12. The efforts to eradicate Tb. from all dairy herds and the campaign for the eradication of hydatids will be pushed forward as important aspects of pastoral policy.  13. Farm Workers' Superannuation. The National Government has proposals in draft form for a farm workers' superannuation scheme and these will be discussed next year with farming and other organisations. When a suitable scheme is agreed upon, appropriate legislation will be introduced.  14. Tax incentives to farmers to encourage top-dressing will continue to be a feature of the National Government's farming policy.  15. The production of top quality produce and efficient marketing is the constant aim of the National Government and, wherever practicable, the adoption of new and better techniques and farming methods resulting from research will be encouraged.  16. The successful price policies for major primary products introduced by the first National Government will be continued. as also the marketing arrangements for fruits, eggs, town milk and other products.  17. The National Government has always recognised that a vigorous policy of land development is the first essential to maintaining and improving the nation's standards of living. The following land settlement policy remains in the forefront of the National Government's agricultural administration.  (a) optional freehold or leasehold tenure.  (b) up to 90% finance for suitably qualified men taking up land provided from development schemes.  (c) finance for suitable applicants on other approved properties.  (d) intensified development of unoccupied Crown and Maori lands.  (e) extensions of purchase by private treaty of areas suitable for subdivision.  (f) review as they fall due or as terms can be negotiated with licence-holders, of Crown leases or licences of areas, particularly in the South Island, which are suitable for more intensive settlement under modern methods.  (g) stepping-up the work of Marginal Lands Board and Committees - young men with suitable experience will be assisted through Marginal Lands provision to take up reverted properties. And.  (h) extension of irrigation schemes in suitable areas.  18. A special investigation is proposed into deteriorated farm land in an effort to achieve full production. The National Government has given the Marginal Lands Board statutory power to purchase farms, and finance has been made available for the voluntary amalgamation and re-sub-division of such properties where this will lead to the establishment of economic farming operations.  19. The National Government, appreciating the difficulties experienced by some farmers in re-financing, has increased the vote to the Marginal Lands Board to meet application where this assistance is not available from private lending institutions, and the further development of a potentially economic property is being restricted.  20. In the last three years the National Government has increased farm lending through the State Advances Corporation from $7.7m. in 1960 to £12m in the current year. An extra $5m will be provided for this purpose in the coming year. To provide a further source of farm finance the National Government has commenced negotiations for the establishment of a Rural Finance Corporation on lines similar to the Development Finance Corporation for industry.  21. The National Government has adopted a policy of purchasing deteriorated properties, not normally saleable, for long-term development.  22. The National Government will continue to stimulate by way of loans or tax concessions, the planting of trees by private owners of land which is unsuitable for farming, but lends itself to afforestation.  23. Food Research Institute. The National Government will seek the co-operation of industry in the establishment of a Food Research Institute to carry out research into the development of new export food products from fruit, vegetables, eggs, poultry and fish, and investigate new methods of processing and packaging.  15. FISHERIES.  BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT THROUGH A SELECT COMMITTEE OF PARLIAMENT, THOROUGHLY INVESTIGATED THE FISHING INDUSTRY DURING THE PAST THREE YEARS. IT BELIEVES A SUBSTANTIAL EXPANSION AND DIVERSIFICATION OF NEW ZEALAND FISHERIES IS POSSIBLE, BASED ON OUR TERRITORIAL WATERS AND THEIR VICINITY, WHICH WOULD PROVIDE GAINFUL EMPLOYMENT FOR CONSIDERABLE ADDITIONAL NUMBERS OF NEW ZEALANDERS AND RESULT IN A SUBSTANTIAL INCREASE IN EXPORT EARNINGS FROM FISH.  2. STEPS ALREADY TAKEN BY THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT INCLUDE THE ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INDEPENDENT FISHING INDUSTRY BOARD, CHARGED WITH THE CONTROL AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE INDUSTRY. THE AMENDMENT OF THE SHIPPING & SEAMENS ACT TO ASSIST THE MANNING OF FISHING VESSELS AND THE ABOLITION OF THE RESTRICTIVE LICENSING SYSTEM IN FAVOUR OF THE MORE FLEXIBLE METHOD OF REGISTRATION OF METHODS OF FISHING.  DETAILS.  3. Following these initial steps and in conformity with the National Government's view that this important primary industry can be assisted to realise its valuable potential as an earner of overseas exchange, the National Government will sympathetically consider proposals to exploit fishing grounds to the full, provide taxation incentives to exporters of good quality fish, both fresh and processed, and bring doom standards in co-operation with the industry for the grading and packaging of fish for export.  4. In addition, in suitable cases where private lending resources are not available, it is proposed to provide finance through the State Advances Corporation for worthwhile expansion projects, including boats and gear, when recommended by the Fishing Industry Board.  5. An important aspect of the National Government's policy for the fishing industry is to increase research into fishing grounds. Plans are in hand to expand the present research staff of 40 to 52 within a year and to 75 professional officers and technicians by 1965. The expenditure on research is being increased by one third during the current year and it will be doubled to about 140,000 per annum within two years.  6. Besides, encouraging further marine research, a thorough survey will be arranged of all the fishing grounds of New Zealand. The research vessel "Ikatere" is being modernised and plans are being prepared for a new research vessel to be available for deep water research by ,1966.  16. INDUSTRY.  BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT BELIEVES THAT CONSISTENT EXPANSION OF INDUSTRY IS ESSENTIAL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF OUR ECONOMY, THE RAISING OF OUR STANDARDS OF LIVING AND THE MAINTENANCE OF FULL EMPLOYMENT FOR OUR INCREASING POPULATION.  2. THE CRITERIA FOR INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT RECOMMENDED BY THE TARIFF AND DEVELOPMENT BOARD HAVE MEN ACCEPTED BY THE GOVERNMENT AS THE GUIDING PRINCIPLES FOR THE STEADY DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRY.  3. A BASIC PRINCIPLE IS THAT THE MOST EFFECTIVE INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT CAN BE BEST ACHIEVED BY PRIVATE COMPETITIVE ENTERPRISE WITH A MINIMUM OF REGULATION OR CONTROL BY THE STATE.  4. THE TARIFF AND DEVELOPMENT BOARD, WHOSE MEMBERS ARE MEN OF WIDE BUSINESS EXPERIENCE, WILL CONTINUE TO ADVISE THE GOVERNMENT ON THE EXTENT AND METHOD OF PROTECTION NECESSARY TO ENCOURAGE THE ESTABLISHMENT AND EXPANSION OF COMPETITIVE ECONOMIC INDUSTRY IN TERMS OF THE CRITERIA FOR INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT. AN IMPORTANT FUNCTION OF THE BOARD WILL BE TO ADVISE THE GOVERNMENT FROM TIME TO TIME ON THE GROWTH OF INDUSTRY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE POTENTIALITY OF POSSIBLE NEW MAJOR INDUSTRIES. AND WHEN NECESSARY TO INVESTIGATE AND REPORT TO THE GOVERNMENT ON SPECIFIC PROJECTS.  5. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE ITS POLICY, WITHIN THE LIMITS Allowed BY THE OVERSEAS FUNDS POSITION, OF PROGRESSIVELY INCREASING THE Flexibility IN THE IMPORT LICENSING SYSTEM SO THAT IMPORTERS AND INDUSTRIALISTS MAY ENJOY THE GREATEST POSSIBLE FREEDOM IN ORDERING THEIR IMPORTED REQUIREMENTS TO MEET THE CHANGING NEEDS OF THE MARKET. AS SOON AS THE OVERSEAS FUNDS ARE SUFFICIENT TO PROVIDE FOR AN EXPANSION OF IMPORTS, PROVISION WILT BE MADE FOR NEW IMPORTERS.  DETAILS.  6. A prime objective of the National Government is to restrain the cost structure of the country so that.  (a) exporters will be competitive in world markets and thus ensure earnings of adequate overseas funds to finance the necessary raw material requirements for industry. And.  (b) manufacturers will be enabled to keep their prices more in line with overseas costs.  7. Depreciation allowances and financial incentives of the type provided for in the 1962 and 1963 Budgets of the National Government underline the importance attached to expansion of up-to-date industry and promotion of exports.  8. The Tariff and Development Board will continue to meet the official representatives of leading industrial and commercial groups and report to the Government on industrial problems with suggested proposals for dealing with them.  9. Steps will be taken to attract overseas capital for investment in industry, wherever possible in conjunction with New Zealand shareholding.  10. To provide a further source of finance for the establishment and development of industry the National Government has adopted the recommendations of the Tariff and Development Board for the setting up of a Development Finance Corporation based .on private enterprise finance with some support from the Reserve Bank. Negotiations have commenced with interested parties for its establishment.  11. In accordance with its basic approach to industrial development through long-term expansion of sound industries, a National Government will investigate opportunities for establishing new industries of economic worth. The establishment of an iron and steel industry, already proceeding, will be carried through to completion expeditiously on the basis of a New Zealand owned and directed company supported by the best overseas technical advice, managerial experience and capital available.  12. The National Government will encourage improvements in design and presentation of products, especially where there may be export potential. In particular, a Design Council will be promoted in industry with some Government financial assistance in its initial years.  13. The National Government's offer remains open of attractively cheap rates for electricity for industries where bulk power is a major cost.  14. The National Government will give all possible encouragement to the development of industries based on agriculture and forestry. The further processing and packaging of agricultural produce for export will be encouraged. The National Government will step up the afforestation programme of the Forestry Department. In addition the policy will be continued of stimulating by way, of loans or tax concessions, the planting of trees by private owners of land which is unsuitable for farming but lends itself to afforestation.  15. Import Control. While the need for import licensing continues to be dictated by an inadequate level of overseas exchange reserves, the National Government's constant aim is to progressively relax the requirements of the system through greater flexibility. Progress in this direction is already substantial and more will be made as soon as the exchange position improves sufficiently. The National Government's basic policy on import control is.  (a) Manufacturers' raw materials and equipment.  As soon as the overseas funds allow, import control will be removed.  (i) from finished goods not made in N.Z. and.  (ii) from remaining raw materials and equipment when recommended by the     Tariff and Development Board after hearing representations from     affected parties but only after adequate protective Customs duties     are in force.  (b) Finished Goods.  When the overseas funds position becomes satisfactory, import control will be removed.  (i) from finished goods not made in N.Z. and.  (ii) from other finished goods after inquiries and recommendations by the Tariff and Development Board, but only after adequate protective duties are in force.  16. Technical Education-remains in the forefront of the National Government's industrial policy. In order to meet the increasing demands for technicians in industry, the Government will accelerate the development of senior technical institutions by dividing the polytechnics from the technical high schools at an earlier stage of growth and also extend into the higher field of institutes of technology. The aim will be to foster closer relations with industry and anticipate the need for training technically qualified young people for the many branches of industry needing them. Favourable consideration will also be given to the recommendation of the Education Commission to increase manual training centres in order to make them available.  to all pupils, both State and private.  17. Training Within Industry. The National Government will extend its successful T.W.I. Scheme (Training Within Industry) to ensure that this aid to productivity is available on a much wider front.  17. COMMERCE.  BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT RE-AFFIRMS ITS FAITH IN THE VALUE OF VIGOROUS PRIVATE ENTERPRISE AS THE MAINSPRING OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND WITH A VIEW TO GRANTING THE GREATEST POSSIBLE FREEDOM TO BUSINESS, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO REMOVE OR RELAX ALL CONTROLS OVER TRADING WHICH CANNOT BE JUSTIFIED WITHIN A POLICY OF PROMOTING PRIVATE COMPETITIVE ENTERPRISE.  2. EXPORT PROMOTION OF BOTH FARM AND INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS REMAINS IN THE FOREFRONT OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT'S TRADING POLICY. ALL REASONABLE MEANS TO ASSIST TRADERS TO DEVELOP NEW PRODUCTS FOR EXPORT, AND NEW MARKETS AND TO EXPAND EXISTING ONES WILL BE ADOPTED, INCLUDING FULL SUPPORT FOR THE TRADE PROMOTION COUNCIL APPOINTED BY THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AND FULLY REPRESENTATIVE OF FARMING, MANUFACTURING, TRADING AND WORKER INTERESTS.  3. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE ITS POLICY, WITHIN THE LIMITS ALLOWED BY THE OVERSEAS FUNDS POSITION, OF PROGRESSIVELY INCREASING THE FLEXIBILITY IN THE IMPORT LICENSING SYSTEM SO THAT IMPORTERS AND INDUSTRIALISTS MAY ENJOY THE GREATEST POSSIBLE FREEDOM IN ORDERING THEIR IMPORTED REQUIREMENTS TO MEET THE CHANGING NEEDS OF THE MARKET. AS SOON AS THE OVERSEAS FUNDS ARE SUFFICIENT TO PROVIDE FOR AN EXPANSION OF IMPORTS, PROVISION WILL BE MADE FOR NEW IMPORTERS.  DETAILS.  4. Import Control.  While the need for import licensing continues to be dictated by an inadequate level of overseas exchange reserves, the National Government's aim is to progressively relax the requirements of the system through greater flexibility. Progress in this direction is already substantial and more will be made as soon as the exchange position improves sufficiently. The National Government's basic policy on import control is.  (a) Manufacturers' raw materials and equipment.  As soon as the overseas funds allow, import control will be removed.  (i) from manufacturers' raw materials and equipment of a class not made in New Zealand. And.  (ii) from remaining raw materials and equipment when recommended by the Tariff and Development Board after hearing representations from affected parties, but only after adequate protective Customs duties are in force.  (b) Finished Goods.  When the overseas funds position becomes satisfactory, import control will be removed.  (i) from finished goods not made in New Zealand. And.  (ii) from other finished goods after enquiries and recommendations by the Tariff and Development Board. but only after adequate protective duties are in force.  5. Export Credit Insurance.  The recommendation of the Export Development Conference for an export credit insurance scheme has been adopted by the National Government and negotiations have been commenced for its establishment.  6. Further amendments will be made to the Trade Practices Act, as originally passed by the Labour Government, to remove its objectionable features. Provision will be made for investigation of trade practices contrary to the public interest, to ensure that competitive private enterprise is able to operate freely and to enable monopolies and price rings to be scrutinised and, if necessary, broken up when found contrary to the public interest.  The aim will be to ensure that genuine competition is as effective as possible in providing housewives and other purchasers with the full advantages of up-to-date and efficient production and distribution.  The amendments already made to this Act by the National Government abolished the need to register all trade practices irrespective of their nature and transferred the onus of proof that a trade practice is contrary to the public interest to the examiner and not on the trade.  7. Hire Purchase Inquiry. The Tariff and Development Board has been asked to carry out a comprehensive inquiry and to report to the Government on all aspects of hire purchase trading.  8. The Consumer Council will be encouraged in its work of giving consumers useful factual information about products and prices but will be independent and separated from the present Government administration structure. This will be achieved by establishing the Council as an independent organisation , but with a Government grant to supplement the contributions of members to the extent necessary to ensure the success of this work.  9. The Standards Institute will likewise be divorced from Government administration and become an independent organisation comprising representatives of consumers, industry, local bodies and the Government, all contributing to its cost in proportions to be determined.  10. Company Take-over Bids.  The National Government has passed legislation to ensure that full information is given to shareholders when take-over bids are made. It is proposed to examine the possibility of introducing legislation to enable New Zealand companies with the approval of a majority of the shareholders to register as a New Zealand domiciled company in order to ensure that the majority of the shares remain in New Zealand ownership.  18. EMPLOYMENT & INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS.  BASIC POLICY.  1. A MAJOR ACHIEVEMENT OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT IS THAT, DESPITE ECONOMIC DIFFICULTIES IN THE EARLY PERIOD OF ITS ADMINISTRATION, IT SUCCEEDED IN MAINTAINING FULL EMPLOYMENT TOGETHER WITH A HIGH RATE OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. ADEQUATE OPPORTUNITIES TO SECURE INTERESTING AND GAINFUL EMPLOYMENT FOR THE INCREASING NUMBERS OF YOUNG PEOPLE STARTING CAREERS IN THE NEXT FR YEARS 'v GILL CONTINUE TO BE A PRIME CONSIDERATION IN PLANNING FUTURE DEVELOPMENT.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL, BOTH IN ITS LEGISLATION AND BY ADMINISTRATION, CONTINUE TO ENSURE THAT THE REAL INCOME OF WAGE-EARNERS INCREASES IN KEEPING WITH NATIONAL PROSPERITY AND DEVELOPMENT. IT WILL ALSO CONTINUE TO GIVE INCENTIVES FOR BUSINESSES TO PROVIDE SUFFICIENT CAPITAL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE.  3. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL DIRECT ITS POLICIES SO THAT REMUNERATIVE WORK WILL BE AVAILABLE FOR ALL THOSE WILLING AND ABLE TO UNDERTAKE IT, WITH SEASONAL FLUCTUATIONS OF EMPLOYMENT REDUCED. TO A MINIMUM BY THE APPROPRIATE MANAGEMENT OF GOVERNMENT AND LOCAL BODY WORKS AND BY ENCOURAGING SUITABLE EMPLOYMENT POLICIES IN PRIVATE ENTERPRISE.  4. A GUIDING PRINCIPLE OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT IS THAT THE WELFARE OF THE COMMUNITY AS A WHOLE IS BEST PROMOTED BY WORKERS WHO ARE FAIRLY REWARDED IN RELATION TO THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO THE WEALTH OF THE NATION AND WHO ARE THUS GIVEN THE INCENTIVES TO WORK WHOLEHEARTEDLY WITH EMPLOYERS TO ACHIEVE MAXIMUM OUTPUT AT ECONOMIC COSTS.  DETAILS.  5. Unionism. The National Government encourages and supports responsible trade unionism. The National Government restored to employers and employees meeting in conciliation the right to decide the form of union preference to apply, while retaining for employees, if the employers refuse to concede unqualified preference, the right to obtain this if they can satisfy the Court of Arbitration that a majority have supported by ballot the principle of unqualified preference.  6. Employment Conditions. The National Government gives unqualified support to the principles of conciliation and arbitration as a means of settling employment conditions and disputes. It stands firmly behind the I.C. and A.Act and emphasizes its view that for the continuing success of this legislation it is increasingly essential to have strong and responsible organisations of both workers and employers. The amendments made to the Act by the National Government during the last three years have all conformed with the principles of the Act and been designed to facilitate its purposes in the conditions facing workers and their employers in the second half of the twentieth century. The National Government will not hesitate to introduce further amendments to the Act with the object of improving the relationships between workers and their employers.  7. Industrial Relations. The National Government will continue with its policy of encouraging end assisting employers' and workers' organisations in the drafting of awards and industrial agreements in terms directed to avoiding unnecessary friction and lost time. Although we can justly claim that in recent years lost time in industry due to industrial disputes has been among the lowest in the world, there is still room for considerable improvement. Deficiencies in our industrial dispute procedures with which we have been particularly concerned are first, the lack of a fact-finding procedure when normal procedures for settling a dispute have failed and, secondly, the lack of adequate procedure for settling disputes which are outside the jurisdiction of the Court of Arbitration, particularly disputes concerning alleged wrongful dismissal. Through an amendment to the Industrial Relations Act in 1963 empowering the Minister of Labour to appoint a committee of enquiry, procedures will now be available to deal with the first problem. We are confident that with the increasing co-operation of the New Zealand Employers' Federation and the Federation of Labour we will achieve a similar success in dealing with the second problem through the incorporation of appropriate clauses in awards and industrial agreements.  8. Technical Education. The needs of expanding industrial development require an increasing number of skilled men, as well as those who will accept responsibility. To this end, good progress is being made in encouraging education in order to develop higher competence of workers in preparation for an age of great technological advances. The National Government has encouraged and assisted apprenticeship committees in improving standards of technical training and arranging short-term courses for apprentices. A beginning has been made in organised re-training of disabled workers. At the Institutes of Technology at Auckland and Petone special courses have been developed to meet the growing demand for highly trained technicians.  10. Training Within Industry. The T.W.I. service, sponsored by the Department of Labour, will be expanded as far as is practicable for the purpose of assisting industrial undertakings to increase their productivity.  11. Workers' Compensation. The National Government will continue its policy of steady and systematic improvement in the workers' compensation system with increased benefits for injured workers and their dependants wherever justified. The record of the National Government in workers' compensation has been outstanding, as shown by the increases in compensation for widows of workers killed at work from £1,750 in 1949 to £2,808 plus £50 for each child at present, while the weekly compensation of £6 has been increased to £10. 5. Od. plus weekly allowances for wives and children. Limits on medical expenses for injured workers have been removed and numerous general improvements have been made to the system including the setting up of the Workers' Compensation Board which has had an excellent record of controlling premium rates, accident prevention and rehabilitation of injured workers. This kind of progressive policy will be continued by the National Government. An early proposal for examination will be a pensions scheme for permanently disabled workers, particularly those with substantial injuries, and the dependants of workers who have been killed. The general rule would be to substitute a life pension for the lump sum payment except where it is clearly in the interest of the recipient to be paid a lump sum.  12. Safety in Industry. The National Government initiated an intensive drive for more safety in industry for which it has enlisted the support of employers and employees. Both the Factories Act and the Machinery Act have been overhauled and strengthened so as to require more effective rules for the safety of workers. Among the achievements of the National Government in this field are the establishment of the Safety Centre for lectures and displays in Wellington, the reconstructed mobile safety exhibition, a wider range of free safety booklets and pamphlets and an extended lecture service. By promoting safety legislation and by inviting the co-operation of both employers and workers' unions, the National Government has succeeded in reducing the too high proportion of accidents in New Zealand industry. This policy will be continued and intensified.  19. IMMIGRATION.  BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT CONSIDERS THAT A STRONG AND CONSTANT FLOW OF SUITABLE MIGRANTS IS IMPORTANT TO THE BALANCED DEVELOPMENT OF NEW ZEALAND. IN ORDER TO ENSURE THERE WILL BE SUFFICIENT NUMBERS OF IMMIGRANTS WITH THOSE SPECIALISED SKILLS PARTICULARLY NEEDED IN NEW ZEALAND, THE POLICY WILL BE TO CONTINUE ASSISTED IMMIGRATION FOR SELECTED CLASSES OF SKILLED WORKERS.  DETAILS.  2. The administration of the policy will be sufficiently flexible to provide for changing requirements so that immigration levels are related to the number of our own young people reaching working age, thus ensuring adequate job opportunities for them.  3. Under the National Government's policy, there has been a net gain from immigration of 38,000 people in the last two years. These have been absorbed into the economy without undue strain. Within this flow, the Government's target of 4,500 assisted migrants in 1964 and 3,500 in the years immediately following is considered appropriate to ensure a proper balance of skills in the economy.  4. The system whereby employers sponsor selected immigrants with desired skills will be continued, thus assuring both accommodation and employment for these workers and at the same time providing an indicator of the demand in industry for particular classes of immigrants.  5. Although immigration to New Zealand has been predominantly from Great Britain, a valuable contribution to our society has been made by minorities from many nations of the world, European and Asian. The National Government will continue to admit to our country a modest flow of peoples of all the ethnic groups represented in our population. The rate of such flow, as in the past, will be regulated to ensure that these migrants continue to be assimilated happily into our community. In administering this policy we spill continue to give special consideration to the near relatives of New Zealand citizens. The National Government will also continue to play a fair and honourable part in assisting with the re-settlement of refugee peoples, having regard always to New Zealand's special responsibilities to the indigenous peoples of the Pacific Islands.  STATE SERVICES.  BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT ACKNOWLEDGES THE IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTION OF PUBLIC. SERVANTS. TO MEETING THE CHALLENGES AND CHANGES OF THE 1960'S IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION. THE NATIONAL. GOVERNMENT HAS CONFIDENCE THAT THE ADMINISTRATIVE AND PRACTICAL PROBLEMS IN GOVERNMENT DUE TO A. RAPIDLY GROWING COUNTRY, WITH TREMENDOUS CONSTRUCTIONAL AND SERVICING PROGRAMMES, WILL FIND THE STATE SERVICES PERSONNEL ABLE AND WILLING TO MAKE AN EVEN MORE VALUABLE, CONTRIBUTION TO THE NATION'S PROGRESS THAN IN THE PAST.  2. THE ROYAL COMMISSION ON STATE SERVICES, SET UP IN FULFILMENT OF THE NATIONAL PARTY'S 1960 ELECTION UNDERTAKING, STRESSED THE URGENCY OF MANY CHANGES, PARTICULARLY REGARDING RECRUITMENT AND EFFICIENCY, AND THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT MET MANY OF THESE REQUIREMENTS IN THE STATE SERVICES ACT 1962. IT WILL CONTINUE TO PRESS AHEAD WITH ITS CONSIDERATION OF OTHER RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE COMMISSION.  3. IN PASSING THE STATE SERVICES ACT, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT NOT ONLY GAVE EFFECT, TO THE PRINCIPAL RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE ROYAL COMMISSION BUT PROVIDED MACHINERY WHEREBY MANY OTHER IMPORTANT RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE ORGANISATION OF THE STATE SERVICES MAY BE IMPLEMENTED. AMONG THE MOST IMPORTANT OF THESE, ON WHICH THE NEW STATE SERVICES COMMISSION IS ALREADY ACTIVELY ENGAGED, ARE THE SYSTEM OF OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION, THE GREATER EMPHASIS ON STAFF TRAINING, A MORE INTENSIVE USE OF MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES TO IMPROVE EFFICIENCY, AND AN INCREASED MEASURE OF DELEGATION TO DEPARTMENTS OF DETAILED, PERSONNEL WORK. CONSIDERABLE PROGRESS HAS ALSO BEEN MADE WITH AN EXAMINATION OF POSSIBLE RE-ALLOCATION OF DEPARTMENTAL FUNCTIONS.  DETAILS.  4. The principal changes brought about by the passing of the State Services Act 1962 reflect the policy of the National Government and ensure.  (a), that Government will always have a competent body available to advise, it on the efficiency of the State Services.  (b) that the State Services Commission will develop management advisory services and training to maintain and increase efficiency.  (c) that wages and salaries throughout the State Services will be fairly comparable with those paid for similar work in private employment. where surveys disclose that levels of wages and salaries have fallen behind, increases will be applied retrospectively to ensure fair relativity. And.  (d) that clear responsibility is established for the provision of suitable working accommodation and the development of standards for such accommodation.  5. Further evidence of the National Government's attitude to State Services is revealed in, the following aspects of the new legislation.  (a) political rights of State servants have been maintained.  (b) appeal rights have remained substantially the same, except for 86 top posts where appointments are made by a competent selection panel. appeal procedures have been simplified.  (c) the right of Service groups to go to the Tribunal on appeal from decisions of the employing authorities has been retained and procedures changed to give greater emphasis to the principles of conciliation and arbitration.  (d) procedures for transfers in the interests of national security have been amended and give substantially better protection to these required to transfer. And.  (e) General Wage Orders of the Court of Arbitration will be applied by the Commission to the Public Service as from the date on which they take effect to the extent that such Orders have been applied generally outside State Departments as shown by a ruling rates survey. the latter shall be taken three months after the date on which, the Order took effect or at such other date as may be agreed upon between the Commission and the State Service Organisations.  6. The Advisory Committee on Higher Salaries, as recommended by the Royal Commission, has been set up and prompt consideration will be given to its recommendations.  7. The following special concessions will be continued.  (a) provision of Pool Houses for State servants on transfer.  (b) special assistance, when appropriate, to State servants on transfer who wish to purchase their own homes.  (c) encouragement and assistance to self-help through Service welfare organisations, which have proved of inestimable value, not only in giving aid where aid is needed, in a variety of ways, but also in developing "esprit de corps" within the Service. And.  (d) provision of hostels, were necessary to provide for the younger members of the Service living away from home.  21. DEFENCE.  BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT BELIEVES ITS FIRST DUTY IS TO DEFEND THE PEOPLE OF NEW ZEALAND AND TO ENSURE THAT ADEQUATE, WELL EQUIPPED AND WELL TRAINED FORCES ARE PROVIDED.  2. TO THIS END THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO SEE THAT NEW ZEALAND'S SECURITY IS SAFEGUARDED AND THAT THE COUNTRY IS ABLE TO CARRY OUT ITS OBLIGATIONS TO THE COMMON-WEALTH, THE UNITED NATIONS AND OUR ALLIES IN THE DEFENCE OF THE FREE WORLD.  3. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT'S POLICY IS ONE OF COLLECTIVE DEFENCE IN FULL COLLABORATION WITH OUR ALLIES AND CLOSER ASSOCIATION IN MATTERS OF PLANTING AND EQUIPMENT.  DETAILS.  4. The National Government has recently approved an extra millions above current expenditure on defence for a new five-year programme of re-equipping the three Services. The first stage in this programme provides for a new frigate for the Navy, the doubling of expenditure on equipment for the Army, including the purchase of helicopters, and the purchase of transport planes for the Air Force, including replacements for the Sunderland flying boats.  5. The essential features of our defence administration are.  (a) close co-ordination of the three services through the newly created Ministry of Defence.  (b) continuous re-equipment of the armed forces with modern equipment. And.  (c) an adequate and efficient National Service programme aimed at maintaining a ready-to-go Army battle group with appropriate Naval and Air Force support.  22. CIVIL DEFENCE.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT PASSED THE CIVIL DEFENCE ACT 1962, TO PROVIDE A COMPREHENSIVE ORGANISATION FOR THE FULLEST USE OF NATIONAL AND LOCAL RESOURCES IN A DISASTER OR AN EMERGENCY, AND WILL CONTINUE TO FOLLOW A POLICY DIRECTED TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF A WELL-TRAINED CIVIL DEFENCE ORGANISATION.  DETAILS.  2. The Government Departments concerned have been co-ordinated to play their part in meeting any national or local disaster, with special emphasis on maintaining essential services and reliable communications.  3. The National Government will investigate the practicability of establishing a School of Civil Defence. Meantime it will, as opportunity offers, send personnel for training at the School of Civil Defence at Macedon in Australia and the first draft of six trainees has already been there.  4. Specific measures will be taken to arouse the public to the need for adequate Civil Defence preparations and to educate the public in the objects and methods of civil defence and on the role of the individual in an emergency.  23. STATE LOTTERY.  BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT INSTITUTED THE GOLDEN KIWI LOTTERY AFTER CONSIDERING WITH REALISM THE DRAIN ON NEW ZEALAND'S OVERSEAS EXCHANGE DUE TO THE HIGH LEVEL OF INVESTMENT BY NEW ZEALANDERS IN OVERSEAS LOTTERIES FOR MANY YEARS. TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE EXPERIENCE AND SUCCESS OF THE NEW VENTURE, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT PROPOSES TO CONTINUE THE GOLDEN KIWI LOTTERIES AND TO DEVOTE THE PROFITS THEREFROM TO WORTHY CAUSES THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY. THE PROFITS FROM THE LOTTERIES ARE RUNNING AT THE RATE OF ABOUT £1 MILLION A YEAR.  DETAILS.  2. The present system of profits distribution will be continued. A Board of Control, consisting of members of both Parliamentary parties and prominent citizens, decides the broad purposes for which the profits are to be applied. After these are made known, independent distribution committees comprising men and women of wide community interests, determine applications for grants and subsidies in such groups as.  aged and sick. social services. medical research. scientific research. and youth and recreation.  In addition, legislation has been passed providing for the Queen Elizabeth Arts Council to determine grants and subsidies for museums, art galleries, libraries and other cultural organisations and to award scholarships in the same spheres.  3. The Medical Research and Scientific Research distribution committees will examine major proposals for assistance, specially in the field of original research.  4. The National Government's policy is to continue grants from lottery profits for the relief of distress and other charitable and philanthropic purposes. It will also continue to support the policy of relating assistance as far as possible to amounts raised through the normal fund-raising activities of applicant organisations, thus encouraging maximum self-help in the community. The object is to supplement rather than supplant the generosity of the people towards worthy community projects and services.  24. TOURISM.  BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE ACTIVELY TO ENCOURAGE THE FULL DEVELOPMENT OF THE TOURIST INDUSTRY BECAUSE OF ITS GREAT POTENTIAL FOR EARNING OVERSEAS FUNDS AND THE OPPORTUNITY IT GIVES FOR NEW ENTERPRISE IN PROVIDING FOR THE RECREATIONAL NEEDS OF NEW ZEALANDERS.  2. THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT'S EARLIER TARGET OF AN ANNUAL INCOME OF £10 MILLION IN OVERSEAS FUNDS FROM TOURISTS VISITING NEW ZEALAND IS CLOSE TO BEING REALISED. A NEW TARGET OF £15 MILLION IS BEING SET FOR ATTAINMENT WITHIN THE NEXT THREE YEARS.  DETAILS.  3. The best foundation on which to build a lucrative overseas tourist trade is a well balanced domestic system of recreation and holiday facilities. The National Government will therefore continue to provide incentives for the development of those amenities desired by our own people travelling within New Zealand for health, holiday or business reasons.  4. Suitable accommodation is a prime requirement for increased tourism. The National Government has broken new ground by making loans and guarantees available to assist private enterprise in building more accommodation. £4 million has been provided for this purpose for both hotels and motels in places where. the tourist trade will be best helped.  5. Three new Tourist Hotel Corporation hotels have been authorised at Waitangi, Franz Josef and Wanaka. In view of the considerable success achieved by the Tourist Hotel Corporation, further funds will be made available to the Corporation for extension of its activities.  6. Because of the need for capital expansion generally in New Zealand and because overseas investors may be interested in participating in the New Zealand tourist industry, every encouragement will be given to overseas investment in the hotel industry with appropriate safeguards for New Zealand investors.  7. The National Government will continue to enlist the aid and co-operation of private enterprise and voluntary travel and tourist associations in furthering the interests of the tourist trade.  8. The National Government has reformed the licensing legislation with a view to creating a favourable climate for the provision of accommodation, meal service, entertainment and other travel facilities to suit the requirements both of our own people and overseas visitors.  25. TRANSPORT.  BASIC POLICY.  1. BY THE CO-ORDINATION OF TRANSPORT ADMINISTRATION UNDER ONE MINISTER AND THE REVISION AND CONSOLIDATION OF THE TRANSPORT ACT, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS CREATED THE CONDITIONS FOR ECONOMICAL, EFFICIENT AND SAFE TRANSPORT - BOTH PUBLIC AND PRIVATE. IN PARTICULAR, IT HAS GIVEN GREATER OPPORTUNITIES FOR NEW OPERATORS IN THE TRANSPORT INDUSTRY. IT WILL STRIVE TO MAINTAIN THESE CONDITIONS.  2. THERE WILL BE A CONTINUING VIGOROUS DRIVE FOR ROAD SAFETY.  3. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL ENDEAVOUR, THROUGH RESEARCH INTO CHANGING LOCAL TRANSPORT NEEDS AND PROBLEMS AND STUDY OF OVERSEAS TRENDS IN TRANSPORT, TO ENCOURAGE THE INTRODUCTION OF TRANSPORT FACILITIES CONDUCIVE TO GREATEST ECONOMY UNDER NEW ZEALAND CONDITIONS. AS A FIRST STEP, A FACTUAL SURVEY OF THE INDUSTRY HAS BEEN PUBLISHED AND WILL FORM THE BASIS FOR THE NEXT STAGE IN IMPLEMENTING THIS POLICY.  DETAILS.  Railways.  4. We recognise that the Railways provide the backbone of our national transport system and must continue to play an essential part in all economic development. For this reason the efficiency of the railways is considered of prime importance.  5. The National Government will continue the modernisation of railway equipment and facilities and will make every endeavour to speed up the programme of improvements to the system.  6. Following the outstanding success of the "Aramoana" as the first rail-sea link between Wellington and Picton, the National Government took urgent steps to ensure that provision was made for the expansion of this new transport service. Arrangements are already proceeding to commission the building of a sister-ship to the "Aramoana" so that the future needs of trade and the public will be adequately met.  Roads.  7. The Transport Act of 1962 embodying the most progressive thinking in transport administration, was designed to make road transport in New Zealand's safe and efficient as possible. Immediate proposals of the National Government to implement this legislation are.  (a) vigorous policy of research into the whole field of transport with the object of reducing costs.  (b) introduction throughout New Zealand in 1964 of a comprehensive standard driving test for new applicants for driving licenses.  (c) establishment of a central register of drivers convicted of accident promoting offences with a view to compiling evidence of multiple offences and enabling the Courts to cancel the driving licenses of motorists whose frequent dangerous driving has imperilled the lives of other road-users. And.  (d) extension of the driver improvement school system.  8. We regard the improvement to roads and bridges, with particular emphasis on safety construction, as an important aspect of the country's development. The National Government set up the fully representative Roads Board to administer the construction of highways. The Board has been responsible for a spectacular improvement in the standard of the Country's roads and bridges and the National Government will continue to give full support to the Board's work.  9. The National Government will divert over £2 millions extra per annum from the Consolidated Revenue Account to the National Roads Fund from 1st April 1964. This will provide nearly one tenth more funds for national roading and bridges and help speed up the plans of the National Roads Board for improved highways, including extended motorways. The £2 millions represents the remaining two pence of the extra shilling per gallon taxation on motor spirits imposed by the Labour Government in 1958.  Shipping.  10. The National Government will give urgent consideration to any recommendations requiring Government action which arise from the reports expected in February 1964 from the Producers' Boards and Shipping Utilisation Committees, at present sitting in New Zealand and London, on turn-round of ships and general shipping efficiency in New Zealand ports.  26. CIVIL AVIATION.  INTERNATIONAL AIRLINES.  1. The National Government secured full ownership of T.E.A.L. for New Zealand in 1961 and orders have been placed to equip the new airline with full jet aircraft.  2. This international airline, so equipped, will give New Zealanders going abroad the opportunity to travel by their own airline in the most suitable up-to-date aircraft. It will also be a means of attracting more tourists to New Zealand, particularly when the object is achieved of greatly extended trans-Pacific services. The name of the airline will be changed to incorporate "New Zealand" at the appropriate time.  3.We have already negotiated successfully for landing rights throughout most of the Pacific area and these will provide the basis for expanding services in accordance with demand and profitability.  INTERNAL SERVICES.  4. The National Government will press on with the provision of adequate airport facilities so as to complete an efficient network of air services connecting all the principal centres of population and the main tourist resorts.  5. In the interests of expanding tourism, we will continue to encourage Trans-Tasman "group" or "packaged" tours through concession rates on both T.E.A.L. and N.A.C.  AIR-WORK SERVICES - TOPDRESSING, CROP SPRAYING, ETC.  6. The National Government will continue its policy of assisting these services in their valuable contribution to the country's development by providing such help as meteorological services and Civil Aviation Administration inspections for safety.  7. Tax incentives to farmers to encourage aerial top dressing will continue to be a feature of the National Government's farming policy.  27. COMMUNICATIONS.  1. BROADCASTING AND TELEVISION.  (a) The National Government's policy for the appointment of a non-political authority to control these mass media of communicating news, information and entertainment has been fulfilled and the new form of administration justifies this innovation.  (b) The National Government will, as resources permit, assist the New Zealand Broadcasting Corporation to implement its seven-year plan for expanding television services which, in particular, envisages that most people will have good television reception available within three years, and that radio coverage for the few remaining difficult areas will be improved.  2. TELE -COMMUNICATIONS.  The National Government aims to give New Zealanders the benefits of the spectacular technical advances during recent years in personal and official communication. In particular it is proposed to.  (a) meet a demand of up to 35,000 new telephones per annum and replace manual exchanges with automatic equipment as rapidly as possible.  (b) provide additional circuits in rural areas to reduce the numbers on party lines.  (c) introduce wide metropolitan areas of automatic calling such as is next envisaged for Auckland from Pukekohe in the south to Henderson and Brown's Bay in the north.  (d) introduce special flat rate telephone zones in the main centres for free calling for distances up to 30 miles and ultimately benefiting 300,000 subscribers, with prospects of extensions of the service in smaller cities. and also provide flat rate free calling zones between rural exchanges and nearby centres.  (e) extend the use of high capacity carrier telephone systems on many toll routes and also inter-dialling facilities between principal centres to expedite toll calls. add microwave radio systems to three more main routes, including one from Wellington to Dunedin with a capacity for 600 simultaneous conversations and with circuits to intermediate and outlying centres. Install another 48 channel Very High Frequency radio link and another coaxial cable link.  (f) provide automatic exchange facilities within a year for Telex System subscribers so that teleprinter messages may be exchanged on a greatly expanded basis between subscribing businesses and other organisations both within New Zealand and abroad.  (g) provide speedier and more efficient telegraph services by teleprinters, the latter being now operative in 164 Post Offices. And.  (h) extend the Pacific telephone-cable service to South East Asia and the Far East in partnership with other Commonwealth countries.  3. SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS.  The National Government will keep abreast of developments in satellite communications so that New Zealand may obtain the benefits of this form of communication as soon as practicable. To this end a Post Office engineer will continue to be attached to the British research team experimenting with "Telstar".  28. CONSTITUTIONAL.  BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT'S CONSTITUTIONAL POLICY AIMS AT THE ENLARGEMENT OF PERSONAL LIBERTIES AND THE FURTHER EXTENSION OF OUR PROPERTY-OWNING DEMOCRACY. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS MADE MARKED PROGRESS IN RESTORING RIGHTS OF CITIZENS BY THE APPOINTMENT OF THE OMBUDSMAN AND REVIEWING UNNECESSARY LEGISLATION AND RESTRICTIVE REGULATIONS.  2. WE FIRMLY UPHOLD THE PRINCIPLES OF LOYALTY TO THE THRONE AND OF RESPONSIBLE GOVERNMENT BY THE ELECTED REPRESENTATIVES OF THE PEOPLE.  DETAILS.  3. The National Government, in fulfilment of its policy, introduced a Bill of Rights into Parliament and this together with a petition praying for a written constitution and a second chamber has been referred to a Recess Parliamentary Committee representative of both parties. The National Government will give earnest consideration to the recommendations of this committee.  4. The reforms in Parliamentary procedures introduced during the 1962 Session have proved very effective and the National Government will continue to review these procedures with a view to making more improvements in organising the business of Parliament.  5. South Island Parliamentary Representation. The National Government will seek the approval of Parliament in terms of the Electoral Act, with the object of stabilising the number of electorates in the South Island at 25 and increasing the number of electorates in the North Island according to population growth.  6. The National Government will continue the practice, which it instituted, of the Public Expenditure Committee of Parliament examining Government expenditure with a view to substantial economies in Government spending and increased efficiency in Government Services.  7. The National Government will continue to provide for new regulations to be reviewed by the Statutes Revision Committee of Parliament to determine whether the attention of Parliament should be drawn to any of them considered to trespass unduly on personal rights or liberties, or which appear to make some unusual or unexpected use of the powers conferred by a Statute.  LAW AND ORDER.  BASIC POLICY.  1. NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AFFIRMS THAT THE FOUNDATION OF ITS POLICY IS THE MAINTENANCE OF THE RULE OF LAW. IT UPHOLDS THE PRINCIPLE THAT ALL CITIZENS ARE EQUAL BEFORE THE LAW AND EQUALLY SUBJECT TO THE LAW OF THE LAND, ADMINISTERED BY INDEPENDENT COURTS, FREE FROM INTERFERENCE OR DIRECTION BY THE GOVERNMENT.  2. ENFORCEMENT OF THE LAW IS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF A CIVIL POLICE FORCE IN WHICH WIDELY RECOGNISED EFFICIENCY, LOYALTY AND RESPECT FOR THE RIGHTS OF THE INDIVIDUAL WILL BE ENCOURAGED AND SUPPORTED.  3. WE ASSERT THAT THE LAWS THEMSELVES SHOULD BE CLEAR AND CERTAIN AND PARLIAMENT SHOULD BE VIGILANT TO MAKE SUCH CHANGES AS NEW CIRCUMSTANCES REQUIRE, AT THE SAME TIME ENSURING THAT TRADITIONAL RIGHTS AND PRIVILEGES ARE RESPECTED.  4. THESE PRINCIPLES WILL CONTINUE TO GUIDE THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT'S ACTION IN RESPECT OF LAW AND ORDER.  DETAILS.  5. In furtherance of its drive towards a more progressive and enlightened approach to the prevention of crime, and having regard to its successes with some new experimental measures, the National Government proposes to make the following new attempts at deterring crime and reforming offenders.  (a) a considerable increase in the number of probation officers.  (b) establishment in the South Island if the need arises, of a detention centre, based upon the success of the experiment at Waikeria in the North Island.  (c) new pre-release hostels at Wellington and Christchurch, following the success of those established at Auckland, Hamilton and Invercargill.  (d) introduction of periodic detention centres in other cities, depending on the degree of success in Parnell, Auckland, of the attempt to re-direct the energies of male delinquents through controlled work and recreation during weekends. And.  (e) a new maximum security prison at Paremoremo near Auckland to replace the outmoded Mt.Eden gaol. this will be given top priority with a view to ensuring as quickly as possible that the worst criminals will have no opportunity of escaping.  6. The Crimes Act 1961, passed by the National Government, gave effect to widespread public demand for severer sentences for crimes of violence, particularly against women and children, and the National Government will keep closely under review the effects of these more substantial penalties to ensure that their preventive effect is adequate.  7. The National Government believes that certainty of detection is the most effective deterrent to crime and will take all necessary measures to see that the shortage of police personnel is overcome.  8. The National Government has recently passed legislation to provide compensation for victims of crimes of violence. This legislation is believed to be the first of its kind in the world and has further enhanced New Zealand's reputation as a pioneer in social reform.  9. The National Government thinks the system for legal aid in both civil and criminal cases needs overhauling. Reforms will be considered, designed to ensure that people of modest means have a reasonable choice of counsel in the interests of making justice a reality for all.  10. Also in furtherance of the objective just mentioned, the National Government proposes to take steps to reduce, as far as possible, the time spent on remand by accused persons and generally to avoid serious delays in dealing with both criminal and civil cases.  11. Licensing Laws. The National Government has made considerable progress in reforming the licensing laws during the past 3 years, probably the most effective and acceptable changes so far this century. We will keep the operation of our licensing laws under close review with the objective of introducing further improvements which appear to be desirable. However, we have no proposals for any major amendment of the law in the next term of Parliament. As 6 o'clock closing of public bars was decided by referendum, no change will be made unless a further referendum favours an alteration.  30. LOCAL GOVERNMENT.  BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT RECOGNISES THAT LOCAL GOVERNMENT IS AN INTEGRAL FEATURE OF OUR DEMOCRACY AND THAT THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CENTRAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT AS WELL AS BETWEEN RELATED LOCAL BODIES THEMSELVES SHOULD BE SATISFACTORY AND EFFECTIVE.  2. IT IS A. BASIC FEATURE OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT'S APPROACH TO LOCAL GOVERNMENT THAT LOCAL AUTHORITIES SHOULD ADMINISTER AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE OF THE LOCAL PUBLIC AFFAIRS COMING WITHIN THEIR JURISDICTION AND LEAVE THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT TO PROVIDE THE LEGISLATIVE BACKGROUND AND TO GIVE DEPARTMENTAL ASSISTANCE ONLY TO THE EXTENT NECESSARY TO ENSURE ECONOMY AND EFFICIENCY.  DETAILS.  3. The National Government accepts the view that there should be a further extension of the payment of rates on Crown property and will discuss the whole question with local bodies in 1964. The first National Government, in 1952, instituted the payment of grants to local bodies in lieu of rates on Government owned houses in addition to State rental houses and the properties of Government trading departments. A Committee representative of the Municipal Association, the Counties Association and Government has been making a further study of the question of payment of rates on Crown property and a preliminary report has been presented to the Government. It will be some time before the Committee's final report is available on this complex and difficult issue.  4. We will continue to support the Local Government Commission in its advisory functions in respect of local body amalgamation where this will promote more effective local administration.  5. A National Government will investigate whether it would assist the relations between urban and rural local Government if there were a single Act to replace the present Municipal Corporations and Counties legislation.  31. POINTS OF INTEREST TO WOMEN.  GENERAL.  1. THE NATIONAL PARTY HAS ALWAYS STRIVEN TO CREATE CONDITIONS IN WHICH THE FAMILY LIFE OF THE NATION COULD FLOURISH IN SECURITY AND HAPPINESS. THE RECORD OF THE TWO NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS HAVE BEEN PARTICULARLY GOOD IN THE SPHERES OF HUMANITARIAN LEGISLATION AND ADMINISTRATION. THE PARTY ENCOURAGES WOMEN TO HOLD EXECUTIVE OFFICES IN THE PARTY AND FOR 1963-64 THERE ARE SEVEN WOMEN ON ITS DOMINION COUNCIL. TWO OF THE PARTY'S CANDIDATES FOR THE 1963 ELECTION ARE WOMEN - SELECTED DEMOCRATICALLY IN OPEN COMPETITION WITH MEN.  THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS CREATED AN ECONOMIC CLIMATE IN WHICH BUSINESS HAS PROSPERED, WAGES ARE GOOD AND FULL EMPLOYMENT HAS BEEN MAINTAINED. AT THE SAME TIME, THIS PROSPERITY WITH JOB SECURITY WAS ACCOMPLISHED WITH REDUCTIONS IN THE RATES OF TAXATION IN EACH OF THE THREE YEARS FROM THE HIGH RATES LEFT BY THE LABOUR GOVERNMENT. THE SAME KIND OF RESULTS WERE A FEATURE OF THE FIRST NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WHEN THE RATES OF TAXATION WERE REDUCED IN SEVEN OF THE EIGHT YEARS IT WAS IN OFFICE. THROUGHOUT ITS TWO TERMS OF OFFICE, VERY WORTHWHILE IMPROVEMENTS HAVE BEEN ACHIEVED IN SOCIAL SERVICES - AND INDEED IN SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS. HOME OWNERSHIP HAS RECEIVED A FURTHER BOOST AND THE SALE OF STATE RENTAL HOUSES, THE JOINT FAMILY HOME SCHEME AND OTHER POSITIVE MEASURES TO IMPROVE HOUSING AND HOME OWNERSHIP HAVE GIVEN MORE FAMILY SECURITY THAN PREVIOUSLY IN OUR HISTORY.  IN THE FOLLOWING PAGES ARE SOME POINTS FROM THE PARTY'S 1963 MANIFESTO WHICH GIVE EVIDENCE OF FURTHER PROGRESS ENVISAGED BY THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT IN MATTERS OF PARTICULAR INTEREST TO WOMEN.  Points of interest to women from 1963 planks.  2. TAXATION. An undertaking that the continuing taxation policy of the National Government will be the giving of incentives to individuals and companies by reducing the rates of taxation wherever possible - remembering that the National Governments have reduced rates of taxation in 10 of their 11 years in office.  -   MONETARY AND ECONOMIC POLICY. The independent Monetary and Economic       Council will continue to advise the Government on the problems       which affect costs and price stability and on any reforms it       considers desirable in the monetary system. The objects are to       safeguard the values of all earnings, savings and other income, to       promote economic growth and maintain full employment.  3. DECIMAL COINAGE. will be introduced in 1967 to simplify arithmetic and make shopping and accounting easier.  EDUCATION.  4. EDUCATION POLICY - The objective of the National Government's education policy is that every student should be given the opportunity of education which would enable him to reach his objective in life.  5. TEACHING PROFESSION - The National Government is striving to create the conditions in which the appeal of the teaching profession attracts dedicated and able men and women, and in which the desire to learn and take society to higher levels of attainment is a dominant urge of teachers and students alike.  6. SPECIALIST ASSISTANCE FOR TEACHERS. Better standards will be sought in this important aspect of modern education including psychological services to help teachers with maladjusted children and in guidance counsellor services.  7. COUNTRY CHILDREN. The National Government has always striven to give special help to country children living away from main centres. In addition to establishing more Form I - VI schools in selected districts and re-organising district high schools to take in this range of forms, we propose to build more school hostels to cater for children who must live away from home to get their secondary education. It is also proposed to continue the more generous boarding allowances granted by the National Government and also to continue to improve school transport services.  8. PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION. through play-centres and kindergartens remains an important aspect of policy related to early training and approval will be given to more kindergartens as staff becomes available.  9. ENCOURAGEMENT OF LITERATURE & THE ARTS. To these ends, the National Government will continue its policy of improving the facilities for education in and the practice of the liberal arts, of making grants to organisations engaged in cultural activities, and of allowing tax concession s to those making donations for educational and cultural purposes.  HEALTH.  10. VOLUNTARY ORGANISATIONS. The National Government believes that suitable voluntary organisations should be encouraged in their important spheres as valuable community self-help and initiative which should not be supplanted by public health services unless the need is clearly proved.  11. DISTRICT & HOME NURSING. The National Government, with the objectives of giving better service to those needing nursing assistance and of saving unnecessary expenditure in public hospitals, will expand the District Nursing Service in both town and country districts as well as encourage hospital boards and private hospitals to develop the Home Nursing Service.  12. PLUNKET SOCIETY. The National Government will continue its policy of generous grants and assistance to the Plunket Society and affirms that the Society should be maintained as one of the important voluntary health organisations in the community.  13. HOME AIDS ETC. Encouragement will be given to the work of district nurses, social workers, occupational therapists, physiotherapists and home aids. The National Government will also promote extensions of the voluntary "meals on wheels" scheme and the laundry service for the aged and infirm.  14. MENTALLY ILL - The National Government will improve the services for the mentally ill along the lines revealed in its introduction and administration of the Mental Health Amendment Act 1961.  15. REST CENTRES. Assistance to organisations willing to provide for some form of voluntary service combined with appropriate rest or recreational centres to give short periods of relief for near relatives and others giving constant attention to those who are in-capacitated through illness or age.  16. WORKING CONDITIONS OF NURSES. Periodical review of pay and working conditions of all nurses.  HOUSING.  17. HOME OWNERSHIP. The National Government affirms that home-ownership is something added to the independence of the citizen and will therefore continue to encourage home ownership by liberal loan assistance, by stimulating private financial institutions to lend for housing, by fostering such schemes as group building and by the sale of State houses to their tenants. The first National Government passed the Joint Family Homes Act which gives protection to family homes.  18. HOME FINANCING. The National Government's policy includes a number of attractive features to assist both the building of new homes and the purchase of existing ones.  19. COMMUNITY CENTRES IN NEW HOUSING AREAS. The National Government recognises the need to provide essential community facilities in big areas of new housing development as early as possible to provide adequate opportunities for young people, particularly, to enjoy social and leisure occupation. The Government has approved a scheme for financing community facilities linked with State school assembly halls in approved housing areas, both State and private. Proposals are in train for a second stage in this policy whereby multi-purpose community buildings in the selected new housing areas would be financed on very favourable terms provided 10% of the cost has been raised locally. The National Government will do its utmost to ensure that the communities concerned are encouraged to take advantage of these moves, to assist people of all ages in large new housing areas to enjoy full community life as quickly as possible.  SOCIAL SECURITY.  20. RELIGIOUS & WELFARE ORGANISATIONS. The social advances achieved in recent years, particularly for the benefit of aged people, have been made possible in large measure by the inspired and dedicated work of the religious and welfare organisations, assisted by State subsidies. We believe that more can be achieved in the sphere of social welfare by this partnership than can be achieved by State action alone. The National Government will continue to strive at all times to help and extend this field of social welfare. The Government's new policy of allowing certain donations made out of income to approved charitable and welfare organisations to be deductible for income tax has given new impetus to the flow of charitable donations for community welfare purposes.  21. WELFARE FUND ASSISTANCE. We will continue to use the Welfare Fund (formerly called the Special Assistance Fund) established by the first National Government to the best advantage and will liberalise its scope by substantially increasing the maximum grants as well as giving more generous exemptions for the assets of applicants.  22. ALLOWABLE INCOME TO BENEFICIARIES. The National Government will increase to £4 per week, the allowable income for social security beneficiaries, war pensioners and war veterans whose allowable income is now £3 per week.  MAORI AFFAIRS.  23. HOUSING. The National Government will assist young married couples to obtain satisfactory housing by granting loans from the Maori Trustee in addition to the normal loans, provided 10% of the value of the section has been paid. and will continue the policy already introduced by the National Government on a trial basis of building rental flats for young Maori women working in cities, so as to provide a friendly and proper environment as a counter to the less desirable influences. of city life.  24. HOSTELS IN CITIES FOR YOUNG MAORIS. A National Government will continue the provision of hostels for young Maori people working in cities either by the Government itself or by the Churches and other suitable organisations with the aid of Government subsidies.  25. MAORI HOME COMMUNITIES. While recognising that progressively larger numbers of Maoris will become urban workers and residents, a National Government will endeavour to maintain and strengthen the home communities of Maoris in rural areas.  26. MAORI HEALTH. The National Government will.  extend the special provisions for the treatment of ear complaints in Maori children as made available at the Waikato Hospital to the Auckland and Northland areas.  make the treatment of anaemia in Maori mothers and young children the subject of special measures to be carried out by Public Health Nurses.  launch an all-out attack on pulmonary tuberculosis by an increased diagnostic and treatment campaign. And.  make special efforts to reduce infant mortality.  27. PEACE AND DISARMAMENT. We will continue to exert all the influence within the power of a small country to preserve world peace and to promote social and economic progress. We will give firm support to the United Nations. We wholeheartedly support the goal of general disarmament by means of an international agreement. We will continue to press for the earliest possible conclusion of a treaty banning nuclear tests, and continuing satisfactory arrangements for verification and control.  28. INTERNATIONAL AID. The National Government will continue to contribute to schemes of international aid to under-developed countries, especially the Colombo Plan which was introduced during the term of the first National Government and including the technical training of Asian students in New Zealand. currently averaging about 200 a year. We will also encourage and, where appropriate, assist the Council of Volunteer Service Abroad, which the National Government sponsored, to arrange for volunteer workers from New Zealand to serve abroad.  29. REFUGEES. The National Government will continue to play a fair and honourable part in assisting with the re-settlement of refugee peoples, having regard always to New Zealand's special responsibilities to the indigenous peoples of the Pacific Islands.  30. DEFENCE. The National Government believes its first duty is to defend the people of New Zealand and to ensure that adequate, well equipped and well trained forces are provided.  31. CIVIL DEFENCE. Specific measures will be taken to arouse the public to the need for adequate Civil Defence preparations and to educate the public in the objects and methods of civil defence and on the role of the individual in an emergency.  32. THE CONSUMER COUNCIL. will be encouraged in its work of giving consumers useful factual information about products and prices but will be independent and separated from the present Government administration structure. This will be achieved by establishing the Council as an independent organisation, but with a Government grant to supplement the contributions of members to the extent necessary to ensure the success of this work.  33. LOTTERY PROFITS. The National Government's policy is to continue grants from lottery profits for the relief of distress and other charitable and philanthropic purposes. It will also continue to support the policy of relating assistance as far as possible to amounts raised through the normal fund-raising activities of applicant organisations, thus encouraging maximum self-help in the community. The object is to supplement rather than supplant the generosity of the people towards worthy community projects and services.  34. ROAD SAFETY. The National Government will.  (a) introduce throughout New Zealand in 19614 a comprehensive standard driving test for new applicants for driving licences.  (b) establish a central register of drivers convicted of accident promoting offences with a view to compiling evidence of multiple offences and enabling the Courts to cancel the driving licences of motorists whose frequent dangerous driving has imperilled the lives of other road-users. And.  (c) extend the driver improvement school system.  35. BROADCASTING & T.V. The National Government will, as resources permit, assist the New Zealand Broadcasting Corporation to implement its seven-year plan for expanding television services which, in particular, envisages that most people will have good television reception available within three years, and that radio coverage for the few remaining difficult areas will be improved.  36. CONSTITUTIONAL. The National Government's constitutional policy aims at the enlargement of personal liberties and the further extension of our property-owning democracy. The National Government has made marked progress in restoring rights of citizens by the appointment of the Ombudsman and reviewing unnecessary legislation and restrictive regulations. The National Government, in fulfilment of its policy, introduced a Bill of Rights into Parliament and this together with a petition praying for a written constitution and a second chamber has been referred to a Recess Parliamentary Committee representative of both parties. The National Government will give earnest consideration to the recommendations of this committee.  37. PREVENTION OF CRIME. The Crimes Act 1961, gassed by the National Government, gave effect to widespread public demand for severer sentences for crimes of violence, particularly against women and children, and the National Government will keep closely under review the effects of these more substantial penalties to ensure that their preventive effect is adequate.  38. DETERRING AND REFORMING CRIMINALS. In furtherance of its drive towards a more progressive and enlightened approach to the prevention of crime, and having regard to its successes with some new experimental measures, the National Government proposes to make the following new attempts at deterring crime and reforming offenders.  (a) a considerable increase in the number of probation officers.  (b) establishment in the South Island if the need arises, of a detention centre, based upon the success of the experiment at Waikeria in the North Island.  (c) new Pre-release hostels at Wellington and Christchurch, following the success of those established at Auckland, Hamilton and Invercargill.  (d) introduction of periodic detention centres in other cities, depending on the degree of success in Parnell, Auckland, of the attempt to re-direct the energies of male delinquents through controlled work and recreation during weekends. And.  (e) a new maximum security prison at Paremoremo near Auckland to replace the outmoded Mt.Eden gaol. this will be given top priority with a view to ensuring as quickly as possible that the worst criminals will have no opportunity of escaping.  39. COMPENSATION FOR CRIMES OF VIOLENCE. The National Government has recently passed legislation to provide compensation for victims of crimes of violence. This legislation is believed to be the first of its kind in the world and has further enhanced New Zealand's reputation as a pioneer in social reform.  40. LICENSING LAWS. The National Government has made considerable progress in reforming the licensing laws during the past 3 years, probably the most effective and acceptable changes so far this century. We will keep the operation of our licensing laws tinder close review with the objective of introducing further improvements which appear to be desirable. However, we have no proposals for any major amendment of the law in the next term of Parliament. As 6 o'clock closing of public bars was decided by referendum, no change will be made unless a further referendum favours an alteration.  32. ACCENT ON YOUTH.  GENERAL.  THROUGHOUT ITS HISTORY THE NATIONAL PARTY HAS STRESSED THE NEED TO BUILD THE NATION UPON SELF-RELIANT, HEALTHY, HAPPY AND PURPOSEFUL YOUNG MEN AND YOUNG WOMEN. THE PARTY'S PHILOSOPHY GIVES EMPHASIS TO THE KIND OF THINKING AND ACTION THAT APPEAL TO THE YOUTH OF THE COUNTRY, IN WHOM WILL REST THE RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE FUTURE. HENCE THE BASIC APPROACH OF THE PARTY TO POLICY AND ADMINISTRATION STEMS FROM THE DESIRE TO PROVIDE OPPORTUNITIES TO ALL YOUTH. TO ENCOURAGE INITIATIVE AND ENTERPRISE. TO GIVE SPECIAL PRIVILEGE TO NONE. TO DEVELOP THE KIND OF SOCIETY WHERE THERE IS PLENTY OF FREEDOM AND WHERE THE DEADENING HAND OF SOCIALIST RESTRICTIONS AND CONTROLS CAN HAVE NO RETARDING INFLUENCE, THE RECORDS OF THE TWO NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS SHOW HOW SUCCESSFULLY AND EFFICIENTLY THE COUNTRY CAN BE GOVERNED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THESE PRINCIPLES. THE 1963 POLICY OF THE PARTY REVEALS THIS APPROACH TIME AND AGAIN.  POINTS OF INTEREST TO THE YOUNGER VOTER FROM 1963 POLICY PLANKS.  1. TAXATION. An undertaking that the continuing taxation policy of the National Government will be the giving of incentives to individuals and companies by reducing the rates of taxation wherever possible - remembering that the National Government have reduced rates of taxation in 10 of their 11 years in office.  2. MONETARY AND ECONOMIC POLICY. The independent Monetary and Economic Council will continue to advise the Government on the problems which affect costs and price stability and on any reforms it considers desirable in the monetary system. The objects are to safeguard the values of all earnings, savings and other income, to promote economic growth and maintain full employment.  3. EMPLOYMENT. A major achievement of the National Government is that, despite economic difficulties in the early period of its administration, it succeeded in maintaining full employment together with a high rate of economic development. Adequate opportunities to secure interesting and gainful employment for the increasing numbers of young people starting careers in the next few years will continue to be a prime consideration in planning future development.  4. WAGES. A guiding principle of the National Government is that the welfare of the community as a whole is best promoted by workers who are fairly re-warded in relation to their contribution to the wealth of the nation and who are thus given the incentives to work wholeheartedly with employers to achieve maximum output at economic costs.  5. LANDS AND FARM FINANCE. The National Government has always recognised that a vigorous policy of land development is the first essential to maintaining and improving the nation's standards of living and its most successful land settlement policy remains in the forefront of its agricultural administration. In particular, up to 90% finance will continue to be provided for suitably qualified men taking up land provided from development schemes.  6. VETERINARY COLLEGE. In accordance with our 1960 election manifesto, an early decision of the National Government was to establish a Veterinary College at Palmerston North as a School of the University of Panawatu. The Director of the College and some staff have been appointed and plans are sufficiently advanced for a first intake of 32 students in 1964. The aim is an ultimate roll of 200 under-graduates and 10 post-graduates with a total staff of 42 including 5 from other Faculties. Following the pass-ing of the Veterinary Intermediate Examination at any University, a four-year Course of the highest standards is envisaged and the National Govern-ment will ensure that everything possible is done to enable this School to fulfil its important role in our farming services.  7. FARM WORKERS' SUPERANNUATION. The National Government has proposals in draft form for a farm workers' superannuation scheme and these will be discussed next year with farming and other organisations. When a suitable scheme is agreed upon appropriate legislation will be introduced.  8. OVERSEAS TRADE. The National Government will continue to encourage organised promotion of export industries. The acknowledged success of the National Export Promotion Conference of June 1963 and the subsequent regional conferences are a measure of the Government's determination to build up export-mindedness among all sections of the community and to achieve a greater export income so that New Zealand's economy may expand and our standard of living will be further improved.  9. EXPANSION OF INDUSTRY. The National Government believes that consistent expansion of industry is essential for the development of our economy, the raising of our standards of living and the maintenance of full employment for our increasing population. and that effective industrial development can be best achieved by private competitive enterprise with a minimum of regulation or control by the State.  10. FINANCE FOR NEW Industry. To provide a further source of finance for the establishment and development of industry the National Government has adopted the recommendations of the Tariff and Development Board for the setting up of a Development Finance Corporation based on private enterprise finance.  11. NEW IMPORTERS. As soon as the overseas funds are sufficient to provide for an expansion of imports, provision will be made for new importers.  12. TECHNICAL EDUCATION. remains in the forefront of the National Government's industrial policy. In order to meet the increasing demands for technicians in industry, the Government will accelerate the development of senior technical institutions by dividing the polytechnics from the technical high schools at an earlier stage of growth and also extend into the higher field of institutes of technology. The aim will be to foster closer relations with industry and anticipate the need for training technically qualified young people for the many branches of industry needing them. Favourable consideration will also be given to the recommendation of the Education Commission to increase manual training centres in order to make them available.  13. STATE SERVICES. The principal changes brought about by the passing of the State Services Act 1962 reflect the policy of the Rational Government and ensure.  (a) that Government will always have a competent body available to advise it on the efficiency of the State Services.  (b) that he State Services Commission will develop management advisory services and training to maintain and increase efficiency.  (c) that wages and salaries throughout the State Services will be fairly comparable with those paid for similar work in private employment. where surveys disclose that levels of wages and salaries have fallen behind, increases will be applied retrospectively to ensure fair relativity. And.  (d) that clear responsibility is established for the provision of suitable working. accommodation and the development of standards for such accommodation.  14. PUBLIC SERVICE WAGES.  General Wage Orders of the Court of Arbitration will be applied by the Commission to the Public Service as from the date on which they take effect to the extent that such Orders have been applied generally outside State Departments as shown by a ruling rates survey. the latter shall be token three months after the date on which the Order took effect or at such other date as may be agreed upon between the Commission and the State Service Organisations.  15. PUBLIC SERVICE HOUSING AND HOSTELS. The National Government will continue to provide Pool Houses for State servants on transfer. special assistance, when appropriate, to State servants on transfer who wish to purchase their own homes. and hostels where necessary to provide for the younger members of the Service living away from home.  16. TRANSPORT INDUSTRY OPPORTUNITIES. By the co-ordination of transport administration under one Minister and the revision and consolidation of the Transport Act, the National Government has created the conditions for economical, efficient and safe transport - both public and private. In particular, it has given greater opportunities for new operators in the transport industry.  17. SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS. The National Government will keep abreast of developments in satellite communications so that New Zealand may obtain the benefits of this form of communication as soon as practicable. To this end a Post Office engineer will continue to be attached to the British research team experimenting with "Telstar."  18. INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS. The National Government's policy in External Affairs is the vigorous pursuit of New Zealand's national interests, the support of our own and others' independence, and the loyal discharge of our international obligations. We will continue to exert all the influence within the power of a small country to preserve world peace and to promote social and economic progress. We will give firm support to the United Nations.  19. DISARMAMENT. We wholeheartedly support the goal of general disarmament by means of an international agreement. We will continue to press for the earliest possible conclusion of a treaty banning nuclear tests, and continuing satisfactory arrangements for verification and control.  20. INTERNATIONAL AID. The National Government will continue to contribute to schemes of international aid to under-developed countries, especially the Colombo Plan which was introduced during the term of the first National Government. This includes the technical training of Asian students in New Zealand, currently averaging about 200 a year. We will also encourage, and where appropriate assist, the Council of Volunteer Service Abroad, which the National Government sponsored, to arrange for volunteer workers from New Zealand to serve abroad.  21. EDUCATION POLICY. The National Government believes that our young people should be. trained to use and develop their talents to the full.  encouraged to realise that no real success comes without real effort. And.  willing to render loyal and faithful service to their country and their fellow men.  and that our educational system should be directed to these ends.  22. TEACHING PROFESSION. The National Government is striving to create the conditions in which the appeal of the teaching profession attracts dedicated and able men and women, and in which the desire to learn and take society to higher levels of attainment is a dominant urge of teachers and students alike.  23. OPPORTUNITIES FOR BRILLIANT PUPILS. The National Government, believing that our country depends in a special way on the activities of its most gifted members, will see that further efforts are made to identify children of high intelligence or special talent as early as possible and to provide them with the fullest opportunities and incentives to develop their abilities.  24. MAORI EDUCATION - The establishment of the Maori Education Foundation by the National Government, with splendid support from the Maori people themselves, was a recognition of the need for a new effort to remove the handicaps arising from their background and circumstances. The Foundation is now supplementing what the school system is doing for Maori education by giving help at all levels from the pro-school to the university.  25. UNIVERSITIES. Because higher education in our Universities makes a tremendous contribution to national progress by providing teachers, scientists, research workers, professional men and women as well as many leaders in industry, the National Government will make special endeavours to meet the capital needs of the Universities. Already it has agreed to a capital works programme for the Universities over the next five years amounting to £28.8 million. This programme is to make provision for the rapidly increasing numbers who will enter our Universities in the next few years. The National Government will aim to achieve conditions of employment for the teaching staff that are conducive to attracting and retaining professors and lecturers of high academic attainments. Provision of more halls of residence and other suitable accommodation for University students is an important need and has high priority in the National Government's policy on University development.  26. PROMOTION OF THE ARTS. The National Government will continue its policy of improving the facilities for education in and the practice of the liberal arts, of making grants to organisations engaged in cultural activities, and of allowing tax concessions to those making donations for educational and cultural purposes.  27. SCIENTIFIC CAREERS. The National Government will provide adequate opportunities to suitably qualified young people to embark upon scientific careers and do the utmost to see that the teachers, colleges, and equipment to train them are available. The objective is to provide a plentiful supply of men and women highly qualified in all fields of pure and applied science but with particular emphasis on those fields which are relevant to New Zealand. and to ensure that their interest is aroused in New Zealand's problems. To encourage capable scientists to continue their work in New Zealand, the National Government will offer adequate opportunities for them to travel overseas and meet their counterparts in other countries.  28. HOME OWNERSHIP. The National Government affirms that home-ownership is something added to the independence of the citizen and will therefore continue to encourage home ownership by liberal loan assistance, by stimulating private financial institutions to lend for housing, by fostering such schemes as group building and by the sale of State houses to their tenants.  29. 100% LOANS FOR NEW HOUSES. The National Government will provide loans of up to 100 per cent of the cost of new houses with a limit of £2850 where the applicant owns a suitable freehold section. the present limit is £2700.  30. 3% LOANS FOR EXISTING HOUSES. We will lend to applicants with families who wish to purchase approved existing houses up to two thirds of the value within the present lending limits (£2500 to £2650 according to size of family). Interest will be at 3% where qualified by income, or at 5% if not qualified for the concession rate.  31. TRANSFERS OF STATE ADVANCES MORTGAGES. We will transfer State Advances mortgages to purchasers of approved existing houses up to two thirds of the value, not exceeding the present lending limits (£2500 to £2650 according to the size of family). Interest will be at 3% where qualified by income, or at 5% if not qualified for the concession rate.  32. RURAL HOUSING SCHEME. We will continue to provide finance for assisting Counties with the Rural Housing Scheme to provide accommodation for farm workers, the limit for which has been recently increased from £2,500 to £3,000.  33. HOME LAY-BY SCHEME, ETC. The National Government will continue, among others, the following features of its housing policy.  the Home Lay-by Accounts Scheme, established by the first National Government, under which money saved to acquire a home is subsidised to the extent of £50 bonus on £1,000 saved.  the scheme of capitalising family benefits for the purchase of new homes as well as State rental houses.  the scheme of providing loans for new houses at 3% interest where applicants qualify for the concession rate.  34. HOSTELS FOR YOUNG MAORIS. The National Government will continue the provision of hostels for young Maori people working in cities either by the Government itself or by the Churches and other suit-able organisations with the aid of Government subsidies.