BASIC POLICY. NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT.  1. NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT HAS BEEN IN THE FOREFRONT OF THE POLICY OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WHICH CONDUCTED NEW ZEALAND'S FIRST INDICATIVE ECONOMIC PLANNING EXERCISE IN THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE WHICH WAS HELD DURING 1968 AND 1969. GROWTH TARGETS WERE SET TO GIVE AN INCREASE IN THE REAL GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT PER HEAD OF 27,5% IN TEN YEARS. THESE TARGETS WERE ROLLED FORWARD AT THE SECOND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE IN MARCH 1972. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO MAKE THE DECISIONS NECESSARY TO ACHIEVE THESE TARGETS.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AFFIRMS THAT DURING THE BALANCE OF THIS CENTURY NEW ZEALAND WILL BE TRANSFORMED INTO A SOCIETY OF DIVERSIFIED PRODUCTION AND MATURE SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT WHILE CONTINUING TO ENJOY ONE OF THE HIGHEST STANDARDS OF LIVING IN THE WORLD.  THE DECISIONS CURRENTLY BEING MADE BY THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL ENSURE THAT SOUND FOUNDATIONS WILL BE LAID FOR THE PROSPERITY AND SOCIAL WELFARE OF THE INCREASED POPULATION FORECAST FOR THE END OF THE CENTURY.  3. THE WIDE RANGING RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE FIRST NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE, 632 IN NUMBER, HAVE BEEN DEALT WITH AS A GUIDE TO THE POLICIES IMPLEMENTED BY THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT DURING THE PAST THREE YEARS. THE CONTINUING REPORTS OF THE SECTOR COUNCILS WILL PROVIDE CONTINUING GUIDELINES FOR NATIONAL GOVERNMENT POLICY DECISIONS IN THEIR RESPECTIVE FIELDS.  4. AS RECOMMENDED BY THE CONFERENCE, A SMALL NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL CHAIRED BY THE DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER MEETS EVERY MONTH TO FURTHER THE OBJECTIVES OF NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND RECOMMEND TO THE GOVERNMENT THE MEASURES NEEDED TO GIVE EFFECT TO THEM. THE COUNCIL, WHICH IS ADVISORY TO THE GOVERNMENT, PROPOSES ANY APPROPRIATE CHANGES IN TARGETS AND CO-ORDINATES THE NETWORK OF GOVERNMENT-INDUSTRY CONSULTATION, WHICH IS BEING CARRIED OUT THROUGH 13 SECTOR COUNCILS. THREE SECTOR COUNCILS CONCERNED WITH THE QUALITY OF LIFE, NAMELY THE SOCIAL WELFARE, CULTURAL AND PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT SECTOR COUNCILS, ALSO REPORT TO THE GOVERNMENT THROUGH THE NATIONAL-DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE THIS ARRANGEMENT.  5. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT ACKNOWLEDGES THE WIDESPREAD DEMAND FOR PRESERVATION OF NEW ZEALAND'S NATURAL ENVIRONMENT BUT RECOGNISES THAT ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL PROGRESS MUST INVOLVE SOME DISTURBANCE OF LAND AND WATER RESOURCES. THE DEVELOPMENT OF OUR COUNTRY TO MAINTAIN A HIGH STANDARD OF LIVING FOR AN INCREASING POPULATION WILL DEMAND GREATER USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES INCLUDING LAND FOR HOUSING, ROADING AND RECREATION. WE BELIEVE A SENSIBLE POLICY IS TO INSIST ON THE MINIMUM LONG-TERM INTERFERENCE WITH THE ENVIRONMENT AND TO SET MODERN PUBLIC HEALTH STANDARDS TO CONTROL AIR AND WATER POLLUTION. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL ACT ACCORDINGLY.  6. THE FUNDAMENTAL OUTLOOK OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT FAVOURS AS MUCH INDIVIDUAL INITIATIVE AND PRIVATE ENTERPRISE AS POSSIBLE AIMS TO PRESERVE THE GREATEST MEASURE OF FREEDOM IN ALL ASPECTS OF ECONOMIC AND PERSONAL AFFAIRS. THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL MECHANISM PROVIDES A MEANS OF CONSULTATION AND CO-OPERATION TOWARDS THIS END THROUGH LEADING FIGURES IN TRADE AND INDUSTRY, THE TRADE UNIONS, THE UNIVERSITIES, AND THE STATE SERVICES.  DETAILS.  7. In the economic sphere, for the more mature type of economy we have been developing in New Zealand, we envisage a more sophisticated financial system, able to provide economical use off available resources for the various avenues of investment. The use of computers has dramatically altered accounting and .statistical facilities and we are taking further steps to provide more up-to-date official statistics which are important in decision-making.  8. Economic forecasting will play a bigger part in future development plans. The targets fixed by the National Development Conference require greater use and better co-ordination of economic forecasting. An Economic Planning Division has been established in Government to facilitate this. A Government computer centre has been established to allow fullest and most efficient use of data processing equipment by State Departments. Indicative planning will assist farmers and business men in assessing long-term prospects for development.  9. Long-range increased farm production targets are closely linked with the need to extend and diversify New Zealand's exports. The National Government will continue to provide financial incentives to farmers and others associated with production for export and to give assistance to research organisations associated with improving production methods. Imaginative and vigorous overseas trade promotion methods will be undertaken in all likely markets for New Zealand products.  10. Industrially, the establishment of large basic metal industries will materially enhance the prospects of our heavy and light engineering industries. The National Government will do everything possible to encourage further development of the iron and steel mills, the aluminium smelter and the establishment of similar projects based on indigenous resources, including further expansion of forest products industries, the fisheries industry and the industries processing food products.  11. Generation or electricity in sufficient quantity will be vital to major development. The National Government will ensure that power needs are met in accordance with a continuing ten year rolling programme. Power generation programmes will take into account the remaining hydro-electric resources yet to be developed having regard to environmental factors and the use of reserves of coal and natural gas.  12. Efficiency in transport and communications will be a prime need of the new age and both the isolation of New Zealand externally and the difficult terrain within the country will require increasing attention to the provision of up-to-date transportation and facilities, including containerisation and methods of loading and unloading. We will ensure an adequate allocation of resources and research to the expansion of transport in all forms. A comprehensive survey of the whole of New Zealand's transport system is proceeding under the supervision of a leading international firm of consultants.  13. Social Welfare in the broadest sense will become progressively more important as population grows, as the proportion of older persons rises and as long-established housing areas require re-development. The action by the National Government on the recommendation of the National Development Conference to establish the new Department of Social Welfare underlines the growing significance of the many Government welfare activities and the need for their co-ordination and unified administration. An important function of the new Department will be to undertake and promote research into social problems with a view to more effective welfare services.  14. In education, the National Government will continue to ensure that increasing resources are diverted to curriculum development, education buildings and equipment, and that employment conditions in education are sufficiently attractive. We recognise the need to maintain a rate of expansion in facilities for learning commensurate with the population growth and the rapidly changing technological needs which can be expected in the last third of this century.  15. The arts will be actively encouraged by the National Government because of the contribution of cultural pursuits to the well-being of the country and its development in the broader sense. We think that as the nation grows, it will wish to match material and social achievement with progress in the arts, and a policy of grants to appropriate organisations and tax incentives to individuals willing to support the various arts will be continued.  16. Tourists from overseas are a big source of overseas income and will continue to enliven the local scene. Every effort will be made to capitalise on the growing awareness of these facts. The National Government has provided airports to accommodate the jet airliners of the main Pacific routes, and we are taking new steps to promote tourist travel to New Zealand, particularly from countries bordering the Pacific.  17. New Zealand will continue to take an active and independent role in international affairs, in the South-East Asian and South Pacific regions. The National Government has demonstrated its preparedness for these bigger responsibilities by extending diplomatic representation and by fully discharging New Zealand's treaty obligations.  REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AFFIRMS THAT NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE BROADEST SENSE MUST, AS FAR AS POSSIBLE, INVOLVE ALL PRODUCTIVE AREAS IN THE COUNTRY. WE BELIEVE THAT INCREASING OPPORTUNITIES FOR EMPLOYMENT AND INVESTMENT IN ALL AREAS OF NEW ZEALAND WOULD BE CONDUCIVE TO MORE STABLE PATTERNS OF COMMUNITY LIFE AND COUNTERACT THE UNDUE GROWTH AND PROBLEMS OF THE METROPOLITAN COMPLEXES. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL THEREFORE CONTINUE TO PROMOTE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OUTSIDE THE METROPOLITAN CENTRES WHENEVER PRACTICABLE INCENTIVES TO THIS END CAN BE GIVEN. THIS POLICY HAS ALREADY RESULTED IN A BROADER-BASED ECONOMY THROUGH MAJOR EXPANSION IN AGRICULTURAL PROCESSING, LARGE SCALE FORESTRY DEVELOPMENT, FISHERIES GROWTH, THE ESTABLISHMENT OF BASIC STEEL AND ALUMINIUM INDUSTRIES, WIDESPREAD INTEREST IN NEW MINING VENTURES AND A RAPID LEAP-FORWARD IN TOURISM IN THE REGIONS.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT ACCEPTS THE CRITERIA FOR REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT RECOMMENDED BY THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL - THAT GOVERNMENT ASSISTANCE IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT MAY BE WARRANTED WHERE SOME OR ALL OF THE FOLLOWING CRITERIA ARE RELEVANT.  (a) THE EXISTENCE OF UNTAPPED BUT ECONOMICALLY EXPLOITABLE NATURAL RESOURCES IN A REGION Experiencing SLOW GROWTH.  (b) THE EXISTENCE OF TRENDS WHICH INDICATE THAT LESS THAN SUFFICIENT RESOURCES AND SERVICES ARE BEING MAINTAINED IN RURAL AREAS OR SMALLER CENTRES FOR THE EFFICIENT OPERATION OF INDUSTRIES IN THE PRIMARY SECTOR, PARTICULARLY THOSE WITH GOOD EXPORT PROSPECTS.  (c) THE UNDER-UTILISATION IN AN URBAN CENTRE OR REGION OF INFRASTRUCTURE THAT COULD BE EMPLOYED ECONOMICALLY. AND.  (d) THE EXISTENCE OF DETRIMENTAL SOCIAL EFFECTS OF EXCESSIVE CONCENTRATION AND GROWTH IN SOME LARGE URBAN CENTRES, OR OF DECLINE IN RURAL AREAS AND SMALLER CENTRES.  3. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS SET UP A REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT SECTION WITHIN THE DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIES AND COMMERCE IN ACCORDANCE WITH A RECOMMENDATION OF THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL THAT  ONE MINISTER AND ONE DEPARTMENT BE PRIMARILY RESPONSIBLE FOR REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT. THE SECTION WILL BE REQUIRED TO EXAMINE THE OPPORTUNITIES FOR ECONOMIC GROWTH IN ALL AREAS, CONSIDER PROPOSALS FROM LOCAL AUTHORITIES AND BUSINESS INTERESTS FOR AREA DEVELOPMENT, RECOMMEND TO GOVERNMENT, INCENTIVES OR CONCESSIONS TO PROMOTE SPECIFIC DEVELOPMENT. IT WILL CO-ORDINATE ALL ASPECTS OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT NOW COVERED BY A NUMBER OF STATE DEPARTMENTS AND CO-OPERATE WITH OUTSIDE BODIES SUCH AS UNIVERSITIES AND PROMOTIONAL ORGANISATIONS.  DETAILS.  4. Within the above broad policy the National Government will co-operate with Chambers of Commerce, Progress Leagues and other regional development associations to encourage resource-oriented regional development. To this end the National Government will.  (a) provide assistance by a $ for $ subsidy for approved regional resource surveys.  (b) continue its policy of assistance for resource evaluation. And.  (c) promote industries which utilise local labour and raw material resources.  5. The National Government recognises the importance of Government support for regional development and is prepared in appropriate cases to.  (a) supply power at special industrial rates where electric power is a significant element in costs.  (b) in finance, continue to promote lending through financial institutions including the Development Finance Corporation.  (c) in research, continue to provide research and development grants. support the work of the Inventions Development Authority and continue the expansion of science advisory services. And.  (d) through the State Advances Corporation, provide finance for larger projects involving development of inventions or prototypes to the production stage.  6. The National Government has under consideration the application of freight assistance, special investment allowances and other incentives to encourage and support regional growth.  7. A rapid leap forward in the tourist industry, a significant "export" industry and earner of overseas exchange, is contributing in a major way to the region development of New Zealand. The National Government will continue its successful policy of incentive and assistance to the tourist industry.  8. The National Government accepts the importance of the regional approach where major development is planned as in the Clutha Valley, and will be prepared to establish representative advisory committees to assist in co-ordinating overall development.  9. We believe the development of modern communications enlarges the prospects for decentralisation of Government Departments, and will pursue such a policy in the interests of smaller centres and of more rational growth. The National Government has already transferred from Wellington substantial State operations to centres such as Wanganui, Palmerston North, Masterton, Blenheim and Dunedin.  10. While accepting the importance of continuing economic growth in the metropolitan centres, the National Government will seek to encourage the establishment of new industries in smaller centres.  11. The National Government in 1972 made provision for a national productivity centre initially attached to the Department of Industries and Commerce but with the intention of its becoming a separate and independent organisation. The objective is the building up of an advisory service for industry along the lines of the Farm Advisory Service available to farmers.  12. The National Government has granted financial support for a Small Business Centre at the University of Otago which will undertake research and other studies to promote the development of smaller businesses in Otago and Southland initially, but in due course in the whole of the South Island. This should materially assist in strengthening management in smaller areas.  13. The National Government recognises the importance of irrigation in several regions of Canterbury and Otago and a very comprehensive review by the National Water and Soil Conservation Authority has culminated in the preparation of new policy aimed at promoting irrigation on a sounder basis, and giving more control to local people. The annual provision for irrigation has been steadily increased and this year exceeds $1.5 million. Schemes to irrigate more than 60,000 acres are under construction at Morven-Glenavy and Lower Waitaki, and the 7,100 acre Maniototo scheme will commence soon. The estimated total cost of these schemes is $44 million. It is also proposed to establish a demonstration unit for growing small crops under irrigation at the Templeton Research Farm.  ENVIRONMENT. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS ASSERTED FOR MANY YEARS THAT THE NATURAL ASSETS OF NEW ZEALAND – THE MOUNTAINS, FORESTS, RIVERS, LAKES, BEACHES AND ISLANDS ARE A PRICELESS HERITAGE THAT THEY CONTRIBUTE TO THE WELL-BEING AND HAPPINESS OF OUR PEOPLE, AND THAT THEY ARE A SOURCE OF GREAT POTENTIAL WEALTH. FROM OVERSEAS TOURIST. WE WILL CONTINUE TO AIM AT THE MAXIMUM CONSERVATION OF SCENIC AREAS AND NATURAL ATTRACTIONS OF NEW ZEALAND WHEN ASSESSING PROPOSALS TO CHANGE SCENIC AREAS IN THE COURSE OF ECONOMIC PROGRESS. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL, FOR THE BENEFIT OF FUTURE GENERATIONS, CONTINUE TO ADD TO RESERVES, DOMAINS, WILD LIFE SANCTUARIES AND REFUGES, AND PARKS. $1 MILLION WAS APPROPRIATED IN 1972 FOR THE PURCHASE OF COASTAL AND LAKESIDE RESERVES AND THE SAME AMOUNT IS PROPOSED FOR EACH OF THE NEXT 4 YEARS.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT ACKNOWLEDGES THE WIDESPREAD DEMAND FOR PRESERVATION OF NEW ZEALAND'S NATURAL ENVIRONMENT BUT RECOGNISES THAT ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL PROGRESS MUST INVOLVE SOME DISTURBANCE OF LAND AND WATER RESOURCES. THE DEVELOPMENT OF OUR COUNTRY TO MAINTAIN A HIGH STANDARD OF LIVING FOR AN INCREASING POPULATION WILL DEMAND GREATER USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES INCLUDING LAND FOR HOUSING, ROADING AND RECREATION. WE BELIEVE A SENSIBLE POLICY IS TO INSIST ON THE MINIMUM LONG-TERM INTERFERENCE WITH THE ENVIRONMENT AND TO SET MODERN PUBLIC HEALTH STANDARDS TO CONTROL AIR AND WATER POLLUTION. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL ACT ACCORDINGLY.  3. UNDER THIS POLICY, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS APPOINTED IN 1972 A MINISTER FOR THE ENVIRONMENT AND WILL ENSURE THAT ALL PROPOSALS AND PROBLEMS WITHIN GOVERNMENT AFFECTING THE ENVIRONMENT WILL BE DIRECTED TO THE MINISTER. HE WILL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR REFERRING THEM TO THE IMMEDIATELY RESPONSIBLE MINISTER FOR ACTION. THE AIM IS TO SAFEGUARD THE ENVIRONMENT AGAINST ALL HARM THAT CAN BE AVOIDED OR LESSENED BY GOVERNMENT ACTION. THE MINISTER FOR THE ENVIRONMENT WILL ALSO BE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CO-ORDINATION OF THE WORK OF THE MANY GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS INVOLVED IN ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS. HE WILL INVESTIGATE APPEALS MADE TO HIM BY ORGANISATIONS AND PRIVATE CITIZENS AGAINST DECISIONS ON ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS MADE BY THE AUTHORITY DIRECTLY CONCERNED.  4. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL DEVELOP A LONG TERM POLICY TO ENCOURAGE HARMONY BETWEEN MAN AND HIS ENVIRONMENT. TO PROMOTE ACTION TO PREVENT OR ELIMINATE DAMAGE TO ENVIRONMENT AND BIOSPHERE AND TO STIMULATE MAN'S HEALTH AND WELFARE. AND TO IMPROVE UNDERSTANDING OF THE ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS AND NATURAL RESOURCES THAT ARE VITAL TO THE NATION AND THE WORLD.  5. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL GIVE IMMEDIATE CONSIDERATION TO RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL COUNCIL WHICH WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1970 AS A SECTOR COUNCIL OF THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL FOLLOWING THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT CONFERENCE. THIS COUNCIL WHICH INCLUDES REPRESENTATIVES OF INDUSTRY, THE UNIVERSITIES, SCIENCE, AGRICULTURE, ENGINEERING, AS WELL AS LOCAL AND CENTRAL GOVERNMENT, OVERSEES  DEVELOPMENTS WITH IMPLICATIONS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT AND REPORTS ON PROTECTIVE OR MANAGEMENT MEASURES IT THINKS ARE REQUIRED.  DETAILS.  6. The role of the Minister for the Environment will be influenced by the experience of other Governments but having regard to the particular situation in New Zealand. Partly for this reason, New Zealand was strongly represented at the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held in Sweden.  7. The National Government will encourage and be guided by authorities with special responsibilities for, or interests, in the preservation and development of environmental standards. These include territorial and other local authorities, the National Water and Soil Conservation Authority, the National Parks Authority, the Nature Conservation Council and the recently established Land Use Advisory Council. In addition, the Minister for the Environment will consider representations from voluntary organisations wishing to make a practical contribution to the future of our environment.  8. The National Government has instituted a policy of Environmental fact Reports on all major undertakings so that in future the effect of any works on the environment will be fully assessed before approval is given to proceed.  9. The National Government has introduced a co-ordinating policy linking Government Departments and nominating the responsibilities for the protection of the environment in all sectors.  10. Environment policies will be kept under continuing review in the light of increasing knowledge, greater industrialisation and society's growing complexity. The planned use and management of natural resources and positive action to prevent misuse of land water and air resources will be essential features of National's administration.  11. Clean Air. The National Government has passed the Clean Air Act to ensure the maximum protection of our environment from air pollution. It will provide loans to those local authorities responsible for Clean Air Zones so that householders may be financially assisted to convert unsatisfactory coal-burning appliances to forms of heating which do not cause pollution.  12. We will work to mobilise massive international support for the earliest possible conclusion of a comprehensive treaty banning all nuclear testing, underground as well as in the atmosphere, to prevent the further proliferation of nuclear weapons and contamination of the environment.  13. Sewage, Sewerage and Water Supply Schemes. To assist local authorities and relieve ratepayers, the National Government will continue its liberal subsidies for sewerage reticulation, sewage treatment and water supply schemes. During the last three years the schemes have been extended on no fewer than three occasions and in 1972 we removed the $100,000 ceiling on these subsidies which are now payable at the rate of $1 for $2 basis, at the subsidisable cost without limit.  14. The National Government will promote, and where appropriate set the example for improving, the man-made aspects of the environment which help to improve the quality of life in heavily populated urban areas.  15. The National Water and Soil Conservation Authority set up by the National Government will promote a water-use policy which will take adequate account of the needs of fisheries, wild-life and recreation. Co-operation, extending to financial assistance in some cases, will be accorded voluntary organisations working to preserve scenery, wild-life and fresh-water fishing.  16. The National Government recognises the importance of irrigation in maintaining and improving the productivity and general environment of several regions in the South Island and is instituting an up-dated and more flexible irrigation policy. A very comprehensive review by the National Water and Soil Conservation Authority has culminated in the preparation of new policy aimed at promoting irrigation on a sounder basis, and giving more control to local people.  17. The National Government regards access to and enjoyment of coastal and lake beaches and islands as important sources of recreation and enjoyment. In furtherance of this policy the National Government has.  (a) introduced a general policy of adding to beach and island reserves whenever this appears in the public interest and of protecting them against abuse or misuse.  (b) conducted, and is continuing, a survey to determine where further such reserves should be created.  (c) provided $1 million a year for the current and next four financial years for appropriate purchases of beach reserves. And.  (d) passed legislation to protect rural land, and land with a reserve potential and in particular beaches and islands from purchase by non-New Zealanders.  18. The National Government has approved the setting-up by Acclimatisatic Societies of a national fund which will be used to assist weaker societies, further research and wildlife management.  19. The National Government passed the Marine Reserves Act 1971 to enable any area of the sea-bed or foreshore within territorial limits to be Gazetted a marine reserve so that marine life, both flora and fauna, can be protected for conservation and scientific purposes. Consideration is now being given to the first application under this Act.  20. The National Government acknowledges the need to preserve adequate wet-lands for wild-life as more land is brought into productive use and will take further steps towards this end, as also to ensure that endangered species of wild-life are protected.  21. The National Government will continue to support the activities of the National Anti-Litter Campaign. Council in its important task of helping to create and maintain a more pleasant environment.  For this purpose the adequacy of the financial resources available to the Council for its work will be regularly reviewed and in so doing special attention will be given to ways of encouraging increased financial support for the Anti-Litter Campaign by the community as a whole.  TAXATION & FINANCE. BASIC POLICY.  1. NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS HAVE GIVEN INCENTIVES TO INDIVIDUALS AND COMPANIES BY PROGRESSIVELY REDUCING RATES OF TAXATION AND HAVE REDUCED RATES OF TAXATION IN 17 OF THEIR 20 YEARS IN OFFICE. IT WILL BE THE CONTINUING TAXATION POLICY OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT TO REDUCE RATES OF TAXATION TO GIVE INCENTIVES TO GREATER EFFORT AND ECONOMIC PROGRESS.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT ASSERTS THAT A JUST AND EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION OF THE TAXATION BURDEN SHOULD BE A CONSTANT OBJECTIVE IN TAXATION POLICY. IN RECENT YEARS A MOVE HAS BEEN MADE TOWARDS A NEWER AND MORE VITAL TAXATION SYSTEM BASED ORIGINALLY ON THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE ROSS COMMITTEE. THE MAXIMUM PERSONAL RATE HAS BEEN SUBSTANTIALLY LOWERED AND THE POINT AT WHICH THE MAXIMUM RATE IS REACHED, RAISED. THE MAXIMUM COMPANY RATE HAS BEEN LOWERED TO GIVE ADDED IMPETUS TO INVESTMENT. THERE HAS BEEN A GENERAL MOVE TOWARDS TAXING SPENDING FATHER THAN TAXING EARNINGS. THIS PROCESS OF REFORM WILL CONTINUE.  3. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO PROMOTE BETTER BUSINESS METHODS IN GOVERNMENT AND KEEP A FIRM CHECK ON OVERALL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT APPOINTED A PUBLIC EXPENDITURE COMMITTEE, REPRESENTATIVE OF BOTH PARTIES, TO EXAMINE THE ESTIMATES OF EXPENSE PRESENTED TO PARLIAMENT. IT IS REQUIRED TO REPORT ON ANY ECONOMIES THAT MAY BE EFFECTED. THE COMMITTEE TRAVELS EXTENSIVELY DURING PARLIAMENTARY RECESSES AND HAS REPORTED TO PARLIAMENT ANNUALLY WITH A NUMBER OF RECOMMENDATIONS DESIGNED TO ENSURE BETTER VALUE FOR GOVERNMENT.  4. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT BELIEVES IN WIDESPREAD INDIVIDUAL OWNERSHIP OF CAPITAL. AN IMPORTANT ASPECT OF ITS FINANCIAL POLICIES IS TO GIVE WORTHWHILE INCENTIVES FOR SMALL SAVINGS WHICH ARE A VALUABLE CONTRIBUTION TO CAPITAL FORMATION. TO THIS END, WE ESTABLISHED THE NATIONAL SAVINGS COMMITTEE, GRANTED NATION-WIDE COVERAGE OF TRUSTEE SAVINGS BANKS AND LEGISLATED TO PROVIDE FOR TRADING BANKS TO ESTABLISH SAVINGS BANKS.  5. A NATIONAL TRANSFERABLE SUPERANNUATION SCHEME FOR WORKERS WAS ESTABLISHED BY THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT IN 1969. IT IS AVAILABLE TO ALL EMPLOYERS, LARGE OR SMALL, INCLUDING FARMERS, AND IS ADMINISTERED BY THE NATIONAL PROVIDENT FUND. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL ENCOURAGE EMPLOYERS TO AVAIL THEMSELVES OF THIS SCHEME WHICH WILL ALLOW THEIR WORKERS TO CARRY VALUABLE SUPERANNUATION RIGHTS TROUGH TO 'THEIR' RETIREMENT. A REPRESENTATIVE OF PRIVATE INVESTORS WILL BE APPOINTED TO THE NATIONAL PROVIDENT FUND BOARD.  6. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE ITS POLICY OF MAKING MAXIMUM USE OF ZEALANDERS' SAVINGS, AND OF SUPPLEMENTING THESE WITH OVERSEAS BORROWING, IN ORDER TO MEET THE CAPITAL NEEDS OF OUR RAPIDLY DEVELOPING ECONOMY. THE PRODUCTIVE AND EXPORT POTENTIAL OF NEW ZEALAND FARMS AND INDUSTRIES JUSTIFIES THE CONFIDENCE OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT THAT THE GREATER PRODUCTION RESULTING FROM THE INCREASED CAPITAL RESOURCES WILL ENABLE THE COUNTRY TO MEET THE LOAN REPAYMENTS AND INTEREST CHARGES. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO USE OVERSEAS LOANS IN PAYMENT FOR PART OF THE IMPORTED CONTENT OF THE RAW MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT FOR DEVELOPMENTAL PROJECTS.  7. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT IS MAINTAINING ITS POLICY OF MANAGEMENT REFORM WITH A COMPREHENSIVE PROGRAMME FOR IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNMENT FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, INCLUDING A NEW EXPENDITURE PLANNING PROGRAMMING AND BUDGETING SYSTEM (PPBS) AND A GOVERNMENT WIDE INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING SYSTEM. THE NEW SYSTEMS EMPHASIZE BUDGETING FOR RESULTS AND AID EFFECTIVE PLANNING. AND DECISION-MAKING IN GOVERNMENT, BUT WILL ALSO GENERALLY ASSIST THE COMMUNITY'S UNDERSTANDING OF THE ACTIVITIES OF GOVERNMENT AND THEIR COSTS.  8. BASIC OBJECTIVES OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT'S TAXATION POLICY ARE.  (a) TO GIVE INCENTIVES FOR NEW ZEALANDERS TO WORK MORE AND EARN MORE.  (b) TO ENCOURAGE YOUNG PEOPLE TO ACQUIRE HIGHER SKILLS AND ASSUME     GREATER RESPONSIBILITIES.  (c) TO PROVIDE INCENTIVES FOR INCREASING EXPORTS.  (d) TO EXPAND ECONOMIC PRODUCTION ON FARMS AND IN FACTORIES.  (e) TO KEEP COSTS OF PRODUCTION IN CHECK.  (f) TO PROVIDE MORE JOBS FOR OUR RAPIDLY INCREASING POPULATION.  (g) TO HOLD THE COST OF LIVING AS STABLE AS POSSIBLE. AND.  (h) MAXIMUM POSSIBLE STABILITY IN THE VALUE OF MONEY.  9. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT PASSED LEGISLATION AUTHORISING CHEQUE FACILITIES FOR TRUSTEE AND PRIVATE SAVINGS BANKS AND FOR THE POST OFFICE SAVINGS BANK TO FACILITATE COMMERCIAL TRANSACTIONS BY DEPOSITORS WITH THESE BANKS.  MONETARY & ECONOMIC. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT ASSERTS THAT THE OVERALL MANAGEMENT OF MONETARY AND ECONOMIC POLICY ALONG SOUND AND PROGRESSIVE LINES IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT RESPONSIBILITIES OF GOVERNMENT. A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF MONETARY POLICY WAS MADE IN THE LATE 1960'S AND IMPORTANT CHANGES IMPLEMENTED WHICH MAKE MONETARY POLICY MORE EFFECTIVE ECONOMIC AID, REQUIRING LESS DEPENDENCE ON DIRECT CONTROLS.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL PROMOTE LEGISLATION AND POLICIES DESIGNED TO ENSURE THAT THE CREATION AND ISSUE OF MONEY IS KEPT IN BALANCED RELATIONSHIP WITH THE PRODUCTION CF GOODS AND SERVICES, SO THAT THE GREATEST DEGREE OF ECONOMIC STABILITY CAN BE MAINTAINED THE VALUE OF ALL EARNINGS, SAVINGS AND OTHER INCOME SAFEGUARDED.  3. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL ENSURE THAT MONETARY AND ECONOMIC POLICY IS DIRECTED TOWARDS THE MAINTENANCE OF FULL AND EFFICIENT EMPLOYMENT OF NEW ZEALAND'S RESOURCES OF LABOUR AND CAPITAL, MAXIMUM POSSIBLE STABILITY OF THE PRICE LEVEL MIND MEASURES AND INCENTIVE SCHEMES TO PROMOTE A STEADY RATE OF ECONOMIC GROWTH THROUGHOUT THE ECONOMY.  4. IN THE FACE OF THE WORLD-WIDE INFLATION WHICH DEVELOPED IN 1970/71, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT IN LINE WITH ITS BASIC POLICY SET OUT ABOVE, HAS TAKEN FIRM AND DECISIVE ACTION TO RESTRAIN RISES IN WAGES AND PRICES. A REMUNERATION AUTHORITY HAS BEEN SET UP TO ENSURE THAT WAGE INCREASES ARE HELD WITHIN THE GUIDELINES LAID DOWN IN THE STABILISATION OF REMUNERATION REGULATIONS. AN IMPORTANT ADDITIONAL RESTRAINING FACTOR IS THE PROVISION WHEREBY ALL AWARDS AND COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS MUST RUN FOR AT LEAST A YEAR BEFORE NET WAGE RATES OR OTHER CONDITIONS MAY BE ALTERED. THIS IS AT PRESENT PROVIDED FOR IN THE STABILISATION REGULATIONS AND WILL BE PUT INTO PERMANENT FORM IN THE INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS LEGISLATION RECENTLY INTRODUCED INTO PARLIAMENT. PRICE CONTROL HAS BEEN IMPOSED ON A LIST OF ESSENTIAL COMMODITIES AND PRICE RESTRAINTS ON OTHER COMMODITIES HAVE BEEN ENFORCED. THESE MEASURES HAVE SUCCEEDED IN RESTRAINING THE INFLATIONARY TRENDS AND BRINGING INFLATION WITHIN MANAGEABLE PROPORTIONS. THE REGULATIONS ARE INTENDED TO BE FOR A SHORT TERM AND WILL BE PHASED OUT AS CONDITIONS OF NORMAL STABILITY ARE RE-ESTABLISHED. THE REMOVAL OF THESE RESTRAINTS WILL BE GEARED TO ENSURE THAT FURTHER INFLATIONARY PRESSURES ARE NOT GENERATED AND THAT STEADY GROWTH OF THE ECONOMY IS CONTINUED.  5. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT BELIEVES THAT GREATER USE AND BETTER CO-ORDINATION OF ECONOMIC Forecasting AIDS THE BALANCED DEVELOPMENT OF NEW ZEALAND'S ECONOMY. TO THIS END, AN ECONOMIC PLANNING DIVISION WAS SUCCESSFULLY ESTABLISHED WITHIN GOVERNMENT TO PROMOTE BETTER PROGRAMMING OF GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE IN RELATION TO RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO THE WHOLE ECONOMY. THE WORK OF THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL IS BEING FACILITATED BY THIS UNIT. IT WILL BE THE AIM OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT TO PROVIDE BY ITS GENERAL POLICIES, AND WHERE NECESSARY BY SPECIAL INCENTIVES, CONDITIONS FAVOURABLE FOR THE ATTAINMENT OF THE TARGETS SET BY THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE.  6. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE ITS SUPPORT FOR INTERNATIONAL MONETARY AND ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION, AND TO THAT END WILL CONTINUE NEW ZEALAND'S PARTICIPATION IN THE INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND, THE WORLD BANK, THE ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK AND OTHER SIMILAR INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT PASSED LEGISLATION MAKING NEW Zealand ONE OF THE FIRST COUNTRIES TO NOTIFY ITS INTENTION OF PARTICIPATING IN THE SPECIAL DRAWING RIGHT'S SCHEME OF THE I.M.F. THIS SCHEME HAS ALLEVIATED PRESSURE ON MAJOR CURRENCIES AND HELPED OVERCOME THE REGULAR CRISES IN INTERNATIONAL MONETARY AFFAIRS. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL WHOLE-HEARTEDLY SUPPORT ANY MORE SUCH MOVES IN THE FUTURE.  7. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO RECEIVE AND EVALUATE THE REPORTS FROM THE INDEPENDENT MONETARY AND ECONOMIC COUNCIL WHICH WILL REMAIN FREE TO PUBLISH ITS REPORTS AND ADVICE TO THE GOVERNMENT ON INTERNAL PRICE STABILITY, SUPPLY OF MONEY, REFORMS, IF ANY, NEEDED IN THE MONETARY SYSTEM AND THE PROVISION OF FINANCE FOR ECONOMIC EXPANSION.  EDUCATION. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT BELIEVES EDUCATION SHOULD PROVIDE EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL YOUNG PEOPLE TO DEVELOP THEIR TALENTS TO THE FULL AND WILL ENCOURAGE STUDIES WITHIN A SYSTEM WHICH WILL ENABLE THEM TO ACHIEVE PERSONAL SUCCESS AND TO PLAY THEIR FULL PART IN THE COMMUNITY.  2. WE ARE DETERMINED THAT, CONSISTENT WITH MEETING OTHER ESSENTIAL NEEDS OF A DEVELOPING COUNTRY, THE HIGHEST PRIORITY MUST BE GIVEN TO EDUCATIONAL REQUIREMENTS, INCLUDING BUILDINGS AND EQUIPMENT, REDUCED CLASS SIZES, MORE AND BETTER TRAINED TEACHERS, AND ADEQUATE ANCILLARY STAFFING WILL CONTINUE AS OBJECTIVES TO BE ATTAINED AS SOON AS POSSIBLE. THESE ARE SO IMPORTANT AS TO WARRANT STEEPLY INCREASED AMOUNTS INVESTED DURING THE PAST 12 YEARS, RISING FROM $87 MILLION IN 1960 TO $209 MILLION IN 1969 AND IN 1972 OVER $378 MILLION.  3. WE AIM TO CREATE CONDITIONS IN WHICH THE APPEAL OF THE TEACHING PROFESSION WILL CONTINUE TO ATTRACT ABLE AND DEDICATED MEN AND WOMEN WHO WILL INFLUENCE THE WHOLE COMMUNITY TOWARDS A DESIRE TO LEARN AND TO SEEK HIGHER LEVELS OF ATTAINMENT.  4. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT APPRECIATES THAT WHILE THE IMMEDIATE RESPONSE TO ANTI-SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR MAY BE PROVIDED FROM THE DEPARTMENTS OF POLICE AND JUSTICE, LONG-TERM AND CONSTRUCTIVE SOLUTIONS ARE TO BE FOUND WHEN OUR PEOPLE ARE AWARE OF THEIR INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITIES AS WELL AS THEIR PRIVILEGES. TO THIS END EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES, THE CURRICULA AND THE DEPLOYMENT OF STAFF WILL INCREASINGLY BE DIRECTED TOWARDS RECOGNITION OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT AND ENRICHMENT OF THE QUALITY OF LIVING.  5. IN DETERMINING THE PRIORITIES FOR EXPENDITURE ON THESE OBJECTIVES, MANY CHANGES ARE BEING SQUARELY FACED AS IS EVIDENCED BY THE EDUCATIONAL PRIORITIES CONFERENCE WHICH WAS HELD INITIALLY DURING AUGUST 1972 AND WILL BE CONTINUED IN 1973.  6. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL ADVANCE THE FOLLOWING THREE MAJOR TRENDS IN EDUCATION.  (a) AN EMPHASIS TOWARDS TECHNICAL TRAINING FOR FARMING, INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE WHICH POSES NEW PROBLEMS IN DEVELOPING OUR EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES. ECONOMIC CHALLENGES OF THE 1970's CALL FOR INCREASES IN THE DEMAND FOR TECHNICIANS. AND THIS IS BEING ANTICIPATED BY UP-DATING COURSES IN OUR RAPIDLY GROWING TECHNICAL INSTITUTES AND THE CENTRAL INSTITUTE OF  TECHNOLOGY.  (b) THE VIGOROUS WORK OF THE VOCATIONAL TRAINING COUNCIL WILL BE SUPPORTED AND THIS, TOGETHER WITH VARIOUS FORMS OF IN-SERVICE TRAINING, INDICATE THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT'S FULL APPRECIATION OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF A TECHNOLOGICAL AGE IN WHICH RE-TRAINING OF MEN AND WOMEN MAY OCCUR SEVERAL TIMES DURING THEIR LIFETIMES.  (c) CO-ORDINATION BETWEEN PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION, PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLING, GUIDANCE COUNSELLING, TECHNICAL EDUCATION, TEACHER TRAINING AND SPECTACULAR EXPANSION WITHIN OUR UNIVERSITIES ARE ALL EVIDENCE OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT'S CONTINUING EMPHASIS ON THE IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION IN ALL ITS ASPECTS - PERSONAL, SOCIAL AND VOCATIONAL.  DETAILS.  SECTION A – EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT.  7. Educational Research. The National Government has, and will continue, to contribute substantially to the finances of the Council for Educational Research. We will continue Department of Education investigations into Maori Education and will expand facilities for research in New Zealand by other institutions, including the extensive work by our Universities.  8. An Advisory Council of Educational Planning was set up to advise the National Development Council and the Minister of Education on.  (a) the implementation of recommendations of the N.D.C. concerning education.  (b) priorities in educational development. And.  (c) matters of educational importance referred to it by the Minister, the Director-General of Education or the National Development Council.  This research will proceed, guided by a special seminar on planning and the Educational Priorities Conference which held a constructive and successful session in August 1972, is now arranged in Working Parties investigating the issues involved and will complete its third phase, with recommendations, next year.  SECTION B - TEACHING CONDITIONS.  9. (a) Conditions of Service. The National Government is determined to maintain and improve the professional conditions within the teaching service which will continue to attract people of the highest calibre and encourage them to remain in the profession.  (b) In-Service Training courses (including those at the second national centre at Hogben House) have been held extensively and these will be continued, together with the more liberal bursary scheme for upgrading of teachers' qualifications.  (c) Ancillary Staffing, as recommended by the joint Departmental-Post Primary Teachers' Association, is being progressively introduced and further improvements for primary, secondary and district high schools are now under way. To relieve teachers of non-teaching duties, the National Government will continue to appoint teacher aides where needed.  10. New Salary Scales for both primary and secondary teachers have been approved. These represent a real and substantial revaluation of the whole service and the National Government is determined to continue policies which will maintain what we have achieved in restoring status to the teaching profession.  11. Smaller Classes. The National Government is continuing its active programme towards reducing primary school staffing ratios to 1:35, and secondary staffing ratios so that principals may organise, in general, on the basis of a maximum of 20 in sixth and seventh forms and 30 in other forms.  12. Teacher Training. The National Government will continue to provide better facilities and staffing conditions for Teachers' Colleges.  (a) The staffing ratio has been improved from 1:18 to 1.16.5 and staffing will be further improved.  (b) Minimum entry qualifications have been raised and the percentage of entrants with U.E. increased from 60% (1970) to 70% (1971) to 80% (1972).  (c) Further university-based schemes of teacher training will be encouraged, particularly for secondary teachers.  (d) The National Government will pursue a vigorous teachers' college building programme both for teaching and residential accommodation and for students.  (e) We will review student health and welfare services.  13. Teachers' Houses. The teacher housing programme will continue under National's liberal policy a further 100 houses are included in the 1972/73 programme to supplement the 2,750 houses already provided.  SECTION C -• CURRICULUM AND SPECIAL SERVICES.  14. Curriculum Development.  (a) The Curriculum Development Unit established by the National Government will be strengthened and extended and will continue its revision of the curriculum to meet modern needs.  (b) Civic responsibilities will receive special attention, stemming from the National Government's belief that the individual is first and foremost a citizen and should have a full appreciation of his responsibilities as well as the privileges he enjoys as a member of our society.  (c) Special attention will be paid to the teaching of a wider range of foreign-languages. Japanese and Indonesian are being fostered, with Japanese now being taught at 27 secondary schools.  (d) In consultation with interested parties, we are undertaking a comprehensive review of the whole curriculum for secondary schools.  (e) More work experience classes will be established.  (f) The National Government will further develop and extend the Research and Evaluation Section of the Department of Education.  (g) Examinations and Internal Assessment. We will press ahead with reform of the public examinations at 5th, 6th and 7th forms and will consider the introduction of elements of internal assessment into the school certificate examination.  15. Educational T.V. A broadly based advisory committee has now reported on the introduction of educational television in New Zealand schools. Pending evaluation of the report, video tape equipment has been purchased for use in teacher training and a more extensive range of audio-visual aids and teaching equipment will be provided to help meet refinement in school curricula or methods and to supplement or assist the teacher.  16. Pro-School Education. The National Government considers this one of our highest educational priorities and set up a Committee of Inquiry under the chairmanship of Professor C.G.N. Hill.  (a) Recommendations from the report of this inquiry are progressively being implemented.  (b) To ensure quicker provision of buildings, for both kindergartens and play centres, the 1972 Budget provided for increased assistance to be given by way of loans as well as subsidies.  (c) Teacher training is to be extended to the teachers' colleges at North Shore and at Hamilton with 70 additional kindergarten trainees during 1973.  (d) Voluntary involvement of parents and community will continue to be emphasised in pre-school activities and in areas of special need, the Maori Education Foundation, the Department of Education and the Department of Maori and Island Affairs will continue to work closely together.  17. Remedial Teaching. Standardized attainment tests for listening comprehension as well as those for reading are being introduced and are in use in schools. Where the need exists either full-time or part-time teachers will be appointed.  18. Special Education. A National Government will extend the Special Education Service which caters for the needs of the physically, mentally or emotionally handicapped. Wherever possible normal facilities will be used, but every child, no matter what his handicap, will be given full opportunity to an education suited to his potential.  19. Schools with Special Problems. Liberal staffing above normal staffing schedules, extra equipment, additional positions of responsibility and positions for teachers' aides will be provided in schools which have special problems, particularly schools with a high proportion of Maori or Island children.  Already, under this scheme, in 1972.  (a) 156 schools with difficult teaching problems had 234 extra teachers.  (b) 112 part-time teachers were employed. And.  (c) 937 teachers' aides were employed for periods varying from 5 hours up to 30 hours per week.  This policy will continue.  20. Maori Education. The National Government will continue the leap forward in education of the Maori and, in particular, it will.  (a) continue the expansion of pre-school education in districts where Maori children can benefit from it.  (b) extend to primary schools and introduce in more secondary schools the Maori language as an available subject. already 96 secondary schools offer the Maori language.  (c) press ahead with the production of teaching materials for use by teachers in classrooms with large numbers of Maori pupils.  (d) appoint more guidance counsellors in schools with large numbers of Maori pupils.  (e) expand its re-training and adult education programme.  (f) continue the encouragement of Maori boys and girls to further their education.  (g) extend pre-employment schemes for Maori girls and boys. And.  (h) encourage Maoris to seek professional and skilled occupations and assist them with scholarships and bursaries. emphasis will be placed on the value of technical training as well as university study.  In furtherance of its established policy of giving priority to the education of Maoris, the National Government has.  (i) greatly expanded facilities for pre-school education.  (j) extended to all primary schools with a high proportion of Maori pupils the special forms of staffing assistance formerly available only in Maori service schools which are now controlled by District Education Boards.  (k) approved specialist advisers to assist teachers in the development of effective language programmes in schools where there are significant numbers of Maori pupils.  (1) conducted training courses to make teachers familiar with the special learning difficulties Maori children may have.  (m) organised seminars to provide educational and vocational guidance for fifth and sixth form Maori pupils.  (n) appointed guidance counsellors in secondary schools with high proportions of Maori pupils.  (o) increased the number of pre-employment and trade training courses for Maori boys.  (p) reconstituted the Advisory Council on Maori Education.  (q) re-organised the Maori Scholarship Scheme in order to benefit more able Maori pupils.  (r) increased the aid to private Maori schools to enable them to continue the excellent education of young Maoris.  (s) introduced courses in Maori language at teachers' colleges. And.  (t) made a special grant to the New Zealand Council for Educational Research to enable it to accept a continuing responsibility for research into aspects of education of Maori children.  21. Pacific Islanders in New Zealand. The National Government will continue to help parents and children settling in New Zealand to make the best use of educational opportunities and will continue active co-operation with teaching services in the Pacific Islands. The National Government has enacted legislation to establish the Polynesian Education Foundation.  22. Guidance Services. The report of a working party on school guidance has been published and makes recommendations on the establishment of a 'net-work' of guidance services involving teachers and supporting organisations from outside the school.  This wider concept recognizes that students need advice concerning their future education and may require guidance that is personal and social as well as vocational.  In giving effect to the report the National Government will.  (a) continue appointing guidance counsellors to more secondary schools in addition to the 67 already appointed.  (b) where necessary, upgrade the Vocational Guidance Service and increase the number of centres from which it operates.  (c) provide deeper training courses and improve operation of guidance counsellors. And.  (d) develop closer links between secondary and tertiary institutions and closer liaison between guidance services in the schools and the needs of employers in industry and commerce.  SECTION D - BUILDINGS EQUIPMENT FACILITIES.  23. School Buildings. The very modern "S.68" plan has now been adopted for new secondary schools and up-dated codes for primary and intermediate schools have been introduced, making better provision for modern needs.  The National Government will.  (a) phase out prefabricated rooms and provide accommodation of a high class in permanent materials by using "relocatables" to cater for fluctuating rolls in newly developed areas.  (b) continue to supplement its vigorous programme of building new schools and remodelling or replacing older, school accommodation. and.  (c) press on with building additional rooms to implement the smaller classes policy.  24. Classroom Equipment. The National Government has announced a new, more liberal policy under which a much wider range of equipment will be supplied free to primary schools. This scheme relieves school committees and parents from supplying essential equipment, abolishes the subsidy scheme, widens the basic list and provides for replacement.  25. Incidentals and Capitation Grants. School Committee incidental grants have been increased and the National Government will continue to review these at regular intervals.  26. School Libraries and Free Textbooks. Library rooms will be established in primary schools with over 6 classes as quickly as finance can be made available. In accordance with the National Government's undertaking for regular reviews of the adequacy of the textbook grants, the basic primary school textbook grant has been substantially increased from 38 cents to 81 cents per pupil.  SECTION E - EDUCATION OF COUNTRY CHILDREN.  27. Hostels. Four large secondary schools have recently completed mayor rebuilding and replacement programmes for hostels. Others are under preparation and the National Government will continue its extensive programme for hostel modernisation or building of more hostels where the demand exists.  28. Boarding Bursaries. In 1971 boarding allowances and secondary school bursaries were increased from $120 to $200 per annum. and in the 1972 Budget these were again lifted to $300. This is more generous than the one term's fees recommended by the Commission on Education and is in line with the National Government's undertaking to keep Boarding Bursaries under constant review.  29. Forms I - VII Schools and Area Schools. There are now 25 Forms VII schools and two Area schools. The continuation of this progressive development by the National Government will greatly improve educational opportunities for children in rural areas.  30. Correspondence School. Planning is now under way for the rebuilding of the Correspondence School. In addition to excellent work with children of school age, important contributions are being made to the continuing education of adults. We will explore ways of relating correspondence courses to supervised study undertaken by adults in evening classes in their local communities.  SECTION -F - INDEPENDENT SCHOOLS.  31. (a) The National Government recognises the role of the Independent Schools in our national system of education, dating from the time New Zealand was founded to the present-day. We recognise the right of parents to make their own choice and believe this does not conflict with our progressive policy of expanding and developing the State system of education to fulfil its purpose of equipping our young people to play a full part in an increasingly complex society.  (b) Since 1962 the National Government has held continuing-negotiations with the Inter-denominational Committee of Independent Schools. From time to time representations from this responsible and representative committee have persuaded the Government that for reasons of economy and in the best interests of the children involved greater assistance should be provided. This now includes a progressively increasing proportion of teaching salaries.  (c) For special reasons, additional financial assistance has been made available to preserve the independence and the viability of Maori boarding schools.  (d) These policies of adequate assistance of Independent Schools are continuing and will not be altered by hasty decisions or without consultation and full consideration of all the factors involved.  SECTION G - SENIOR TECHNICAL EDUCATION.  32. Senior Technical Education. In furtherance of its policy of ensuring that technical education is adequate for the growing needs of farming, manufacturing and servicing industries and Government Departments, the National Government will continue the imaginative developments already proving so effective in meeting this demand. Expenditure on senior technical education has grown from $3 million in 1964 to $9 million in 1969 and to $14.6 million in 1972 while annual rolls have grown to over 100,000 students.  More noteworthy aspects of National's policy are.  (a) additional technical courses will be attached to secondary schools in smaller centres and the necessary buildings will be provided.  (b) specially staffed Vocational Departments attached to secondary schools will be established as the nuclei of future technical institutes in those centres where the work load is sufficient.  (c) regional technical Institutes will be extended to provincial centres as their vocational departments attain sufficient day work load to make a separate institute viable. The criteria for the establishment of technical institutes was modified in terms of the recommendation of the National Development Conference from the equivalent of 25 full-time day staff to the equivalent of 10. Technical institutes have now been established in Palmerston North, New Plymouth, Nelson and Invercargill and others are under action.  (d) pilot schemes for extended trade training of apprentices have been set up in two trades and are being evaluated with a view to new developments in this important branch of education.  (e) the Central Institute of technology is being transferred from Petone to specially planned new buildings on a site of 45 acres at Heretaunga. The first stage, costing $5 million, will be completed in 1973 and the second stage will follow together with a 500-bed hostel. Paramedical courses such as Occupational therapy and Chiropody have-been established at the Central Institute.  (f) improved machinery for co-ordination between universities and technical institutes is being investigated and cross-crediting between universities and technical institutes has been the subject of a working party reporting through the Advisory Council for Educational Planning.  (g) the rapid development taking place in technical Education will be continued and, in particular.  (i) the large technical institute building programme will be pressed forward.  (ii) new courses at the apprentice, technician and diploma levels will be established. And.  (iii) student facilities in technical institutes will be improved.  (h) under the control of a new and widely representative Council, the Technical Correspondence Institute will be extended and new courses added. And.  (i) the Vocational Training Council will establish close liaison between technical training and agriculture, industry and commerce. With special attention for the needs of re-training which are demanded by the technological era of the 1970s.  SECTION H - UNIVERSITIES.  33. (a) Independence. The National Government recognises academic freedom and established autonomous universities. This independence is safeguarded by the Government's relationship with the separate universities being channelled through an independent University Grants Committee.  (b) Staff. The National Government will ensure conditions of employment for the teaching staff that will attract and retain professors and lecturers of high academic attainments and we will continue salary reviews by the University Salaries Committee.  (c) Finance. Because higher education in our universities makes a tremendous contribution to national progress by providing teachers, scientists, research workers, professional men and women, as well as many leaders in industry, the National Government will ensure that the necessary financial needs of the universities are met. This is evidenced by the university building programme which currently totals $163 million. A system of quinquennial budgeting enables universities to plan ahead and "block" grants cover all the running expenses of each university. Block grants totalling $139 million have been approved for the present five years and additional grants are being made available to meet increases in salaries.  34. The following specific aspects of National’s policy on university education will continue.  (a) Capital needs. In spite of rising costs, the increase in expenditure has ensured a substantial increase in both building space and equipment. We have authorised and will proceed with the establishment of a new university at Albany north of Auckland City.  (b) Admission. The policy of open entry will be maintained.  (c) Halls of Residence. Since the present policy has been in operation, 2,482 additional bed places have been added at a cost to Government of $5.7 million.  (d) Bursaries. The scheme of university bursaries was completely reviewed in 1961 and again in 1971. New rates came into force in 1972 and further increases were announced in the Budget. As from next year a first year student may receive as much as $570, a sixth year student up to $795, plus 90 percent of fees. This bursary scheme is designed to encourage and reward successful university study.  (e) Medical Schools. The intake to the Otago University medical school has been increased from 120 a year to 150 in 1972. and is to be further increased to 200 in 1975. Approval has been given to the establishment of clinical schools at Christchurch and Wellington hospitals. Additional buildings are being planned for the Auckland medical school and when these are nearing completion, the intake will be increased from the present 60 a year to 110 and eventually to about 200.  (f) Research. The National Government recognises that research by university staff and training for encouragement of research by senior students are essential functions of the universities.  Measures to encourage research include.  (1) sufficient staffing of the universities to enable staff to engage in research as well as teaching.  (ii) an annual Government grant ($650,000 in 1972) distributed through a research committee for the purchase of equipment.  (iii) an annual grant ($826,000 in 1972) allowing the University Grants Committee to make awards for scholar-ships and fellowships. And.  (iv) a Government grant of up to $3.5 million approved for purchase and installation of a new system of powerful computers for training in the use of computers and for research.  SECTION I - CONTINUING AND ADULT EDUCATION.  35. (a) The National Government will give full support to the National Council of Adult Education. There will also be greater emphasis on refresher courses at a higher level for the professions, such as architecture, dentistry, engineering, medicine and on the use of computers.  (b) The Educational Priorities Conference, in evaluating aims and objectives for education, will take into account the importance of in-service training and of re-training. and will view education as an on-going process, continuing throughout the whole of our lives.  SCIENCE. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT BELIEVES THAT THE SUSTAINED DEVELOPMENT OF  THE WELL-BEING OF ITS PEOPLE REQUIRE VIGOROUS APPLICATION OF SCIENCE, CONSTANTLY UP-DATED TO WORLD ADVANCES AND TRANSLATED TO NEW ZEALAND CONDITIONS.  2. THE EFFICIENCY OF FARMING, MANUFACTURING AND SERVICING INDUSTRIES, THE WISE HUSBANDRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND THE ENHANCING OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE PEOPLE ALL DEPEND ON SCIENCE OF HIGH QUALITY FOCUSSED ON TO THE NEEDS OF THE COUNTRY. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL THEREFORE AIM TO HAVE A HIGH CALIBRE SCIENTIFIC EFFORT CONCENTRATED ON TO THOSE AREAS IN WHICH IT IS LIKELY TO BE MOST BENEFICIAL.  3. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL ENCOURAGE UNIVERSITIES, INDUSTRY AND STATE DEPARTMENTS TO CARRY OUT AND APPLY SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND TO CO-OPERATE IN TRAINING, CHALLENGING AND FULLY UTILISING NEW ZEALAND’S SCIENTIFIC MANPOWER RESOURCES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY.  4. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL ENSURE THAT WELL-TRAINED SCIENCE TEACHERS ARE PROVIDED TO ENABLE YOUNG NEW ZEALANDERS TO TRAIN FOR SCIENCE CAREERS AND TO ENTHUSE THEM WITH THE OPPORTUNITIES FOR SCIENCE IN SHAPING NEW ZEALAND’S FUTURE. THE OBJECTIVE OF TRAINING YOUNG PEOPLE IN SCIENCE IS FOR NEW ZEALAND TO HAVE A SCIENTIFIC FORCE TRAINED TO THEIR FULL CAPACITY TO INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND MOTIVATED TO APPLY THEIR TRAINING TO THE WELFARE OF NEW ZEALAND.  5. THOUGH DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY GENERALLY TAKES PLACE THROUGH GRADUAL EVOLUTION, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT RECOGNISES THAT WITH INCREASINGLY RAPID CHANGES OF CONSUMER DEMAND AND WITH INCREASING SCIENTIFIC CAPABILITY AND SOPHISTICATION, SCIENTIFIC PIONEERING IS REQUIRED WELL HEAD OF IMMEDIATE NEEDS. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL SUPPORT A PORTION OF NEW ZEALAND'S SCIENTIFIC EFFORT ON SUCH PIONEERING PROJECTS.  6. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL SEEK TO MAKE THE GREATEST USE OF NEW ZEALAND'S SCIENTIFIC RESOURCES OF EQUIPMENT AND MANPOWER BY ENCOURAGING CONSULTATION, CO-OPERATION AND CO-ORDINATION THROUGHOUT NEW ZEALAND SCIENCE. TO ACHIEVE THIS THE MINISTER OF SCIENCE WILL MAKE USE OF THE NATIONAL RESEARCH ADVISORY COUNCIL, ADVISORY AND CO-ORDINATING BODIES, LEARNED SOCIETIES SUCH AS THE ROYAL SOCIETY, AND CONFERENCES AND SYMPOSIA ON CURRENT SCIENTIFIC QUESTIONS.  7. TO ENSURE MORE RAPID ADOPTION OF SCIENTIFIC ADVANCES AND TO ENCOURAGE SCIENTIFIC THINKING TO PERMEATE INDUSTRY, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL EXPAND EXTENSION SERVICES IN BOTH FARMING AND MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY AND WILL GIVE SPECIAL ASSISTANCE TO MANUFACTURERS WHO ARE PREPARED TO APPLY NEW SCIENTIFIC ADVANCES.  DETAILS.  8. So that students may be challenged by the opportunities in New Zealand for productive scientific work and to encourage lively participation by New Zealand Universities in national development, the National Government will continue its policy of.  (a) initiating research contracts between Government Departments, industry and the Universities.  (b) establishing research units in the Universities in appropriate fields.  (c) siting Government laboratories close to the Universities.  (d) increasing grants to Universities by Government agencies for research projects of national importance. And.  (e) increasing provision for post-graduate scholarships and fellowships by Government agencies.  9. The National Government will continue its policy of making grants to industry to encourage more research and development in industry's own laboratories or through contracts with Universities and Government agencies. The aim of this policy is to encourage industry to give more attention to research and to employ more scientific and technical staff.  10. The National Government will continue to support activities of the Mineral Resources Council in developing the mineral resources of New Zealand. Where companies take up exploration licences for petroleum and other minerals the Government will make available appropriate scientific services. Encouragement will be given to joint research by Government agencies, Universities and industry in the processing of New Zealand minerals.  11. The National Government will continue to support activities of the existing 10 research associations and encourage the formation of new ones. This partnership between Government and industry is an efficient and effective means of raising the standard of research and technology within industry itself.  12. The National Government will encourage increasing New Zealand participation in international science by making funds available for symposia to be held in New Zealand on topics of importance, both internationally and to New Zealand, and by facilitating the participation of New Zealanders in international scientific bodies.  13. The National Government will continue to make provision for New Zealand scientists to play a full part in our programme of technical assistance to developing countries in fields in which they have special experience. These fields are.  (a) agricultural problems associated with soils, crops, pastures and animals.  (b) the establishment of laboratories to carry out applied scientific work in fields such as food and drug testing and assistance to small industries, and.  (c) the investigation and development of natural resources such as geothermal steam, water, soils and minerals.  14. The National Government will continue scientific research in Antarctica in close co-operation with the other signatories to the Antarctic Treaty of 1961.  15. The National Government will continue to intensify scientific research in New Zealand by providing adequate facilities, equipment and buildings for Government research institutions.  16. As in all countries with a high standard of living, increased importance will be attached to the social implications of economic growth. A working party of NRAC has carried out a survey and published a bibliography of research being carried out in New Zealand in such fields as crime, social welfare, illegitimacy, industrial relations, town planning and the environment. NRAC is investigating the role Government should play in stimulating and financing social research and the priorities which should be given to the various fields . We will give urgent consideration to its findings.  LITERATURE & ARTS. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT RECOGNISES THE IMPORTANT ROLE THE ARTS AND CULTURE CAN PLAY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A NATIONAL CHARACTER AND IN THE PROMOTION OF NEW ZEALAND’S ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL ADVANCEMENT. SO THAT THIS ADVANCEMENT MAY BE MATCHED IN THE ARTISTIC and CULTURAL SPHERES, WE WILL ENSURE THAT INCENTIVES ARE PROVIDED THROUGH THE QUEEN ELIZABETH II ARTS COUNCIL TO ASSIST THOSE ORGANISATIONS AND INDIVIDUALS IN THE COMMUNITY ABLE AND WILLING TO PROMOTE THE ARTS AND CULTURE.  2. FOR THESE REASONS, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE ITS POLICY OF IMPROVING THE FACILITIES FOR EDUCATION IN AND THE PRACTICE OF THE ARTS, OF MAKING GRANTS TO ORGANISATIONS ENGAGED IN CULTURAL ACTIVITIES, AND OF ALLOWING TAX CONCESSIONS TO THOSE MAKING DONATIONS FOR EDUCATIONAL AND CULTURAL PURPOSES. GRANTS HAVE BEEN INCREASED SIGNIFICANTLY IN THE LAST FEW YEARS.  3. WE WILL ASSIST DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY THROUGH APPROVED AGENCIES,  THE PROMOTION OF SCHOLARSHIPS AND OTHER MEANS OF ASSISTING ARTISTS AND WRITERS OF PROMISE TO EXTEND THEIR STUDIES AND EXPERIENCE BOTH IN NEW ZEALAND AND OVERSEAS.  DETAILS.  4. In administering the above policy, the National Government will continue to give financial and other support to the following (in respect of the first three, under a formula reviewable every three years and giving an assured annual income).  (a) Queen Elizabeth II Arts Council, established by the National Government as the central agency for promoting the Arts and now the Sector Council for Cultural Affairs within the National Development Council Organisation.  (b) National Art Gallery and Dominion Museum Board of Trustees.  (c) New Zealand Historic Places Trust, established by the National Government to preserve historic places.  (d) New Zealand Literary Fund, to assist and encourage creative writers.  (e) New Zealand Maori Arts and Crafts Institute, established by the National Government at Whakarewarewa as a positive step towards preserving the cultural heritage of the Maori people.  (f) National Library, already approved for building on a site acquired in the Government Centre in Wellington and designed to co-ordinate library facilities at national level.  (g) National Council of Adult Education, to co-operate with the universities and other organisations engaged in adult education, much of the work of the 1000 full-time and part-time tutors and lecturers being for the advancement of arts and crafts, drama, music and literature.  5. The National Government has authorised the building of the National Library in Wellington, for which working drawings are in preparation and construction scheduled to begin late in 1973. This library will not only provide for the needs of a national library as such, but will also be a repository for our National Archives which are those of importance in New Zealand's administration and history.  6. The Historic Articles Act will continue to be administered to retain in New Zealand articles and documents of historic value. The National Government has made special supplementary grants to the Dominion Museum specifically for the purchase of important Maori artifacts to prevent their loss overseas. We propose to review this legislation and its administration in consultation with interested organisations to ensure that the objectives of the Act are realised.  7. The National Government has set up a Departmental Committee to investigate the case for providing some recompense to New Zealand authors whose books are available for lending to the New Zealand public through libraries.  SOCIAL WELFARE. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL PARTY AFFIRMS THAT THE NATION HAS A DUTY TO CARE FOR THE AGED THE SICK, THE NEEDY AND THE HANDICAPPED WITH GENEROSITY AND JUSTICE, AND AT THE SAME TIME TO ENSURE THAT INCENTIVES TO EARN AND PROVIDE FOR THE FUTURE ARE NOT DISCOURAGED. WE WILL CONTINUE TO EXPRESS OUR CONCERN FOR PEOPLE AND THEIR WELFARE BY GIVING HIGH PRIORITY TO THE SOCIAL AND WELFARE SERVICES WITHIN GOVERNMENT AND, BY CONTINUING GENEROUS ASSISTANCE TO VOLUNTARY COMMUNITY GROUPS ENGAGED IN CHARITABLE AND HUMANITARIAN PROJECTS.  2. IN Furtherance OF THIS, POLICY THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS.  (a) PROMOTED MUCH PROGRESSIVE SOCIAL AND HUMANITARIAN LEGISLATION.  (b) STRESSED THE IMPORTANCE OF THE INDIVIDUAL, HIS RIGHTS AND WELFARE.  (c) GIVEN EMPHASIS TO THE WELL-BEING OF THOSE WITH SPECIAL NEEDS.  (d) ACTED PROMPTLY AND GENEROUSLY ON THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE ROYAL COMMISSION ON SOCIAL SECURITY.  (e) FORMED A NEW DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE WHICH IS CHARGED WITH THE CO-ORDINATION OF ALL SOCIAL WELFARE SERVICES. AND.  (f) PROVIDED STRONG FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TO CHURCH AND OTHER VOLUNTARY COMMUNITY GROUPS ENGAGED IN SOCIAL WELFARE PROJECTS.  DETAILS.  3. Co-operation with Voluntary Welfare Organisations. The National Government will encourage a greater measure of co-operation between Government Departments and voluntary welfare organisations. In particular.  (a) training facilities for social workers, both Government and private will be extended.  (b) more staff, from voluntary agencies will be accepted for Government training courses.  (c) research into social problems will be stepped up with financial assistance provided to encourage outside agencies to undertake some of this research.  (d) more publicity and information will be given en on welfare matters so that welfare organisations will be kept abreast of developments as they occur or as they are being planned. And.  (e) particular emphasis will be given to the needs of large urban centres of population and encouragement will be given to welfare groups to develop further their work in such areas.  4. Co-ordination of Social Welfare Activities. the National Government believes that co-ordinated action can enhance the opportunities for personal and family welfare. Therefore, studies will be undertaken with a view to removing gaps and overlaps in the various programmes, and to ascertaining if welfare functions of other Departments of State ought, in the public interest, to be transferred to the Department of Social Welfare. To meet changing demands, from time to time, for the various welfare services, the National Government will review frequently the numbers of staff working in the social welfare area and the nature of their duties.  5. Financial Aid to Church and Other Voluntary Welfare Organisations.  (a) The National Government will continue to provide subsidies and to grant tax exemptions for certain donations to religious and other welfare voluntary organisations engaged in community welfare activities.  (b) A comprehensive study of the activities and problems of all organisations receiving Government subsidy is being undertaken, and the needs of each organisation will be reviewed.  (c) Consideration will be given to the claims of church and other voluntary welfare bodies and local authorities entering or contemplating new avenues of community welfare services.  Recent examples of this kind of development are.  (i) Night Shelters for indigent men subsidised in Auckland ($120,000), Wellington ($20,000) and Hastings ($7,500).  (ii) the Laura Fergusson trust in Auckland assisted to the extent of $79,200 to build a hostel for the disabled. And.  (iii) approval for an initial subsidy of $115,000 for a hostel, for paraplegics at Burwood.  6. Study of Social Problems. The National Government recognises that study, in depth of the causes of crime, drug addiction, delinquency, and anti-social behaviour is necessary for the sympathetic understanding and rehabilitation of people who are social misfits or who commit offences against the law. The Government is co-ordinating this work through the Social Affairs, Committee of Cabinet, the Social Council of the N.D.C. and the Departments of Health, Justice, Education and Social Welfare.  7. Rehabilitation Programme. The Department of Social Welfare will promote a vigorous rehabilitation programme including assessment and work-experience training and improved and expanded re-training activity. Greater emphasis will be placed on rehabilitation to enable the victims of accident and incapacitating-illness to achieve as quickly as possible their full employment potential.  8. Now Zealand will stand first among the nations of the world with the new Accident Compensation Legislation introduced by the National Government which provides for a co-ordinated concept of safety, rehabilitation and a wide entitlement to real compensation for personal injury, including everyone injured in motor accidents.  9. Royal Commission on Social Security. The National Government has already implemented most of the 81 recommendations in the Report related to social security. These included all of the major recommendations providing for increased monetary benefits. The remaining recommendations which mainly deal with administrative matters such as the composition of the Social Security Commission and the provision of appeal facilities, will be dealt with expeditiously.  10. The National Government has accepted the basic objective stated by the royal Commission.  "to ensure, within limitations which may be imposed by physical or other disabilities, that everyone is able to enjoy a standard of living much like that of the rest of the community, and thus is able to feel a sense of participation in and belonging to the community ...”.  As suggested by the Royal Commission, we will carry out a research programme into ways of measuring both standard of living in general and the special needs and circumstances of particular groups in the community.  11. The National Government will continue to review benefits according to such criteria as the changes in incomes generally, cost of living, consumption patterns and productivity, and will make changes in the rates when necessary to ensure beneficiaries are able to enjoy standards of living much like that of the rest of the community as a whole.  12 Supplementary Assistance. the National Government regards supplementary assistance as an integral part of social security. Coupled with social work and counselling and advice services, it gives broader dimensions to the administration of social legislation. Whatever the levels of social security benefit rates, there will always be some beneficiaries whose needs and commitments will be greater than most. Supplementary assistance and specialised social and family case-work counselling will ensure that the special needs are met and a National Government will review supplementary assistance from time to time to ensure that it is administered with flexibility and understanding.  13. Social Case Work. Social work services involving individual and family case-work and general welfare work will be maintained and expanded. Continued emphasis will be given to the care and control of children including those with emotional or behavioural problems. The aim will be to evolve more comprehensive policies of family care, preventive work and community participation.  14. Kindergartens, Play Centres, child Care Centres. The National Government will continue its capital, salary and other subsidies to kindergartens and play centres and will introduce a scheme whereby financial assistance can be given to child care centres operated by voluntary organisations on a non-profit basis, subject to conditions which will ensure that the standards of care and education of the children accommodated in the centres are maintained or improved.  15. Payment of Social Security Benefits. the National Government will investigate the practicability of paying benefits and pensions at more frequent intervals.  YOUTH. BASIC POLICY.  1. THROUGHOUT ITS HISTORY THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT'S PHILOSOPHY AND ACTIONS HAVE STRESSED THE NEED TO BUILD THE NATION UPON SELF-RELIANT, HEALTHY, WELL-EDUCATED AND PURPOSEFUL YOUNG MEN AND WOMEN ON WHOM WILL REST THE RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE FUTURE.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT'S ADMINISTRATION PROVIDES OPPORTUNITIES FOR YOUTH, ENCOURAGES INITIATIVE AND ENTERPRISE, AND DEVELOPS THE KIND OF SOCIETY WHERE THERE IS MAXIMUM FREEDOM FOR THE INDIVIDUAL. WE HAVE SHOWN HOW SUCCESSFULLY AND CONSTRUCTIVELY THE COUNTRY CAN BE GOVERNED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THESE PRINCIPLES.  3. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS GREATLY EXPANDED THE EDUCATION SYSTEM TO PROVIDE EVERY OPPORTUNITY FOR YOUNG PEOPLE TO EQUIP THEMSELVES FOR CAREERS. TO ASSIST YOUNG PERSONS TO ESTABLISH THEMSELVES IN WORTHWHILE EMPLOYMENT THE NEW DEVELOPMENT IN AUCKLAND OF A PLACEMENT SERVICE WILL BE EXTENDED TO OTHER CENTRES WHERE THE NEED FOR SUCH SERVICE IS ESTABLISHED.  4. STEPS WILL BE TAKEN TO STRENGTHEN THE YOUTH SERVICES BRANCH OF THE DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS TO ENABLE IT TO UNDERTAKE RESEARCH INTO YOUTH PROBLEMS. TO STRENGTHEN ITS CAPACITY TO WORK IN LLAISON WITH, AND ENCOURAGE LOCAL AUTHORITIES AND VOLUNTARY ORGANISATIONS IN THEIR WORK WITH YOUTH, AND GENERALLY TO PROMOTE THE CO-ORDINATION OF THE ACTIVITIES OF OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES AS THEY RELATE THE CAUSES AND MEANS OF AVOIDANCE OF YOUTH PROBLEMS.  DETAILS.  5. The National Government recognises the major role played by church and youth organisations in arranging leisure-time activities and fostering training for leadership. Where Government assistance is desirable or necessary to develop suitable youth activities, sympathetic consideration to proposals will continue to be given. In particular, financial assistance will continue to the National Youth Council, and to the youth activities of appropriate voluntary organisation.  6. The National Government will encourage wider local authority involvement in meeting the needs of young people within the community. In order to achieve this objective and also generally to promote community interest in young people's affairs, additional Youth Activities Officers of the Department of Internal Affairs will be appointed in key areas where it is considered a need exists. These officers will concentrate on fostering leadership training and more co-ordinated use of resources. The aim is to increase the effectiveness, variety and extent of participation in youth work at the local level by local authorities, voluntary youth groups on d other agencies.  7. The National Government has given full support to proposals or schemes from voluntary organisations to encourage or train younger people to give leadership in community projects or to advance proposals designed to develop leadership qualities in young men and women.  8. The National Government is sympathetic to the greater demand from qualified younger persons, more highly educated and in greater numbers than previously, to take an active part in shaping the future of their environment. We have encouraged young people to assume positions of responsibility in the community. The National Government will continue to include suitable younger persons one bodies to which Government appointments are made, especially were they would provide useful expression of the younger viewpoint. We will also encourage other appointing authorities to do likewise.  9. In recognition of the higher standards of education and earlier maturity of young people, the National Government reduced the age for voting to 20 and made other downward adjustments in the ages at which young people may make wills, enter into contracts and drink in hotels. The passing of the Age of Majority Act in 1970 whereby 20 was made the age at which a person attains adult status completed the action initiated by the National Government to revise legal ages. We will review the new laws when sufficient time has elapsed to enable them to be assessed in the light of experience.  10. Priority is being given youth employment problems by the new Placement Service of the Department of Labour in Auckland. The service is advised by a committee co-ordinating the interests of State Departments and citizen organisations involved in rehabilitation. these services will be set up elsewhere if the need arises.  11. The National Government has continued to encourage and support religious organisations with the provision of leisure-time facilities for young people in the form of church halls and youth camps. In the three year period 1969/72, grants totalling $266,000 have been made for this purpose. Greater use will be promoted of existing recreational and cultural facilities belonging to schools, local bodies and other organisations, including halls and sporting areas and facilities.  12. In pursuance of its policy to encourage out-door activities by young people the National Government in 1972 approved the guarantee of interest payments on loans raised by the Youth Hostels association of New Zealand to build hostels at leading tourist resorts, and has agreed to make Crown land available on which to build such hostels.  13. The National Government recognises the problems which face youth today and is concerned with anti-social attitudes such as the apparent increase in the use of drugs, the element of lawlessness in our society and the disregard by minority groups for the welfare of law-abiding citizens. We think that study in depth of the causes of crime, drug addiction, delinquency and anti-social behaviour is necessary for the sympathetic understanding and rehabilitation of people who are social misfits or who commit offences against the law. The Government is co-ordinating this work through the Social affairs Committee of Cabinet, the Social Council of the N.D.C. and the Departments of Health, Justice, Education and Social Welfare.  14. The National Government has strongly supported the work of those associated with the planning of the British Commonwealth Games in Christchurch in 1974 and has granted $200,000 towards the staging of the Games plus a guarantee against loss up to a maximum Government contribution of $75,000 on a $1 for $1 subsidy basis with the Christchurch City Council. The National Government has struck a special dollar coin to commemorate the Games, the sales of which by the Games Organising Committee are expected to realise at least an additional $200,000. We have further provided subsidy finance (about $500,000) to accelerate the construction of local university halls of residence and student flats so that they may be ready in time for the Games Village. A number of Government Departments will co-operate with the organising Committee in providing additional facilities and services for the Games.  HEALTH. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT'S BASIC OBJECTIVE IS A HEALTH POLICY THAT PROVIDES THE NECESSARY PREVENTIVE AND CURATIVE FACILITIES TO PROMOTE HEALTH AND WELL-BEING FOR ALL NEW ZEALANDERS. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL.  (a) CONTINUE TO PROMOTE PROGRESSIVE HEALTH LEGISLATION.  (b) WORK CLOSELY WITH THE MEDICAL, NURSING AND HEALTH RELATED PROFESSIONS AND HOSPITAL BOARDS TO FURTHER IMPROVE THE ORGANISATION OF THE HEALTH SERVICES OF NEW ZEALAND.  (c) CO-OPERATE FULLY WITH CHURCH AND OTHER VOLUNTARY ORGANISATIONS AND WITH LOCAL BODIES IN PROVIDING CARE AND ACCOMMODATION FOR THE AGED AND.  (d) STIMULATE MEDICAL, NURSING AND HEALTH-RELATED PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION AND INTRODUCE NEW PROGRAMMES IN THESE FIELDS.  DETAILS.  SECTION A – HOSPITAL SERVICES.  2. GENERAL POLICY. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT’S HOSPITAL POLICY HAS THE FOLLOWING FEATURES.  (a) the further expansion of a comprehensive and efficient health and hospital service administered by locally elected hospital boards.  (b) the completion of the 2,131 hospital beds under construction as at 31 March 1972 with a further 2,826 beds planned to commence in the 1972/76 period.  (c) the introduction of measures to further the downward trend in hospital waiting lists which is currently apparent.  (d) the provision of finance to encourage hospital boards to allow doctors adequate opportunity to study overseas.  (e) the establishment of more hospital rehabilitation units for helping patients back to normal domestic and trade duties. And the greater use of disabled civilian rehabilitation training centres.  (f) the continuance of the subsidy and suspensory loans scheme introduced by the first National Government to assist private hospitals and maternity homes. And the regular review of the subsidies to private hospitals and their patients which we have increased from time to time.  3. The National Government will introduce a new capital works programme to meet the growing demands of hospital services.  4. The National Government set up the Royal Commission on Hospital and Related Services. The Commission commenced its work in April 1972 and is required to report its findings in respect of psychiatric staff pay scales by 31 December 1972. psychiatric services by 30 June 1973. and on other matters by 30 June 1974. The order of reference is a wide-ranging one and a complete review of hospital services will be undertaken. The National Government will give prompt consideration to the report and recommendations as it has done with the report of the Royal Commission on Social Security.  5. Hospital Chaplaincies. The National Government has recognised the value of chaplains as part of the therapeutic team by introducing a scheme to subsidise the salaries of chaplains working full-time in general and psychiatric hospitals. The subsidy is being phased in over four years and will ultimately be payable at the rate of up to 50% of the present average total cost of each chaplaincy.  6. Psychiatric Services.  (a) Following the passing of the Hospitals Amendment (No.2) Act 1971, safeguarding the interests of staff of psychiatric hospitals who transfer to hospital board control, arrangements were completed for the eight hospital boards concerned to assume responsibility for Health Department hospitals, with the exception of Lake Alice and Queen Mary Hospitals. The change took place on 1 April 1972, with the consent of the Boards, and involved over 5,000 staff. The Queen Mary Hospital was transferred to the North Canterbury Hospital Board on 1 October 1972 and will continue to treat alcoholism. This significant change in New Zealand's hospital services brings to an end the long standing exclusion of psychiatric hospitals from the mainstream of social, professional and community life. and will greatly benefit patients.  (b) The current extensive review of psychiatric services will ensure the improvement of these services. Particular emphasis will be given to staffing and accommodation. The Royal Commission on Hospital and Related Services set up by the National Government, will also be reviewing psychiatric services.  7. Plunket Society. The National Government acknowledges the importance of the Society throughout the community, and we will continue our long-standing policy of subsidising a substantial part of the Society's operating costs.  SECTION B - EDUCATION AND RESEARCH.  8. Medical Schools. The National Government agreed in June 1970 to plan medical education to produce enough medical graduates to improve the present ratio of one active doctor to every 870 population to one to every 720 by about 1990. Discussions between the University Grants Committee and the Department of Health are being held to settle the yearly student inputs and medical graduate outputs for the two University Medical Schools. To achieve this ratio, the existing medical schools at Otago and Auckland are to be expanded so that Otago would produce 188 graduates a year from 1979 and Auckland 150 from 1985, an annual total of 338 graduates in medicine - being nearly 4 times the number in 1961. The Otago school's intake has been increased from 120 to 150 students in 1972. This increase requires the establishment of a clinical school at Christchurch which has been approved by the Government and the North Canterbury Hospital Board. The further expansion of the intake of the Otago school to 200 students in 1975 will require the establishment of a clinical school at Wellington, which also has been agreed to by the Government and the Wellington Hospital Board. A building will be required for the clinical school at Wellington Hospital in a few years' time and already the position of dean has been filled.  9. National Government will press on with completion of the Auckland University medical school. Stage I of a building for pre-clinical teaching has been completed and a building for clinical teaching is under construction. Stage 2 of the pre-clinical building is being planned, as is a separate building for the Department of Pathology.  10. Medical Student Intern Programme. The National Government has announced the introduction of a medical student intern scheme for final year students to be employed by hospital boards on a part-time basis. They will perform similar duties to House Surgeons and have responsibility under supervision for a limited number of patients. The first trainee interns (45) will be employed in Auckland in November 1972. It is anticipated that the same scheme will apply in Dunedin in 1973. At that stage the total employed will be 175. We will closely observe this new programme with a view to further development.  11. In addition to the educational plans already made the National Government will.  (a) continue regular reviews of the medical practitioner requirements in various parts of the country.  (b) make further endeavours to attract doctors from suitable overseas sources to assist in relieving any shortages revealed by the above reviews.  (c) continue the current overseas recruitment schemes.  (d) revise and improve the system of allowances for doctors in small towns and country areas.  (e) make available loans for new medical graduates entering private practice.  (f) review and improve subsidies for locum tenens and ancillary services in rural practices and.  (g) improve the availability of both overseas and New Zealand study leave for medical graduates.  12. Nursing.  (a) Education for Registration. At the Government's request a WHO nursing consultant, Dr Helen Carpenter, visited this country in 1970 to report on nursing education. Her report was published in February 1971. A widely representative committee was set up to report on the main recommendations which related to the manner in which the majority of trainees should be educated for registration as nurses. The committee's recent report has been considered by the Government, which has approved the establishment of a pilot scheme to assess the practicability and advantages of a revised system of nursing education. This is to be introduced in 1973 and will enable the new system of training to be compared with the existing training programme conducted by hospital boards which will continue as at present.  (b) University Education for Nurses. Another committee was set up to report on proposals in the Carpenter Report relating to university education for a small percentage of nurses. Recommendations arising from this committee's report have been considered by Government, which proposed to provide financial assistance to selected nurses to enable them to pursue appropriate university studies. Suitable courses will be available at Massey and Victoria Universities from 1973.  (c) Education and Training of Nursing Tutors.  (i) The National Government has already commenced the implementation of recommendation 1.9.1 of the Carpenter Report, which relates to improvements in the preparation of and career structures for nursing tutors.  (ii) The N.Z. School of Advanced Nursing Studies continues to run its one year diploma courses for tutors. Massey University introduced this year and is likely to continue next year, a six weeks' training course for tutors and prospective tutors. a three weeks' introductory course was recently run by the Department of Education at Auckland. And Victoria University held a three weeks' national course for principal tutors (82 people participated in the courses mentioned and there are 357 people employed as tutors in hospital schools of nursing). The Government will take steps to increase the number of these courses, examining the possibility of using technical institutes, teachers' colleges and the School of Advanced Nursing Studies.  (iii) Massey, Victoria and Auckland Universities have decided or propose to offer degree or diploma units which will provide useful education for tutors. And the New Zealand Diploma of Nursing has been recognised for admission to courses leading to the Diploma of Education at Canterbury and Victoria Universities.  (d) Other recommendations of the Carpenter Report have been referred to the Nursing Council and the Hospital Boards Association for consideration.  (e) The National Government intends to replace the School of Advanced Nursing Studies with a new improved school at Thorndon which will also provide a new hostel for dental nurses.  (f) Better control of nursing education and of professional standards within the nursing profession will result from they establishment from 1 April 1972 of the Nursing Council of New Zealand, as successor to the Nurses and Midwives Board. It has autonomy and complete separation from the Department of Health, in line with the status of similar professional organisations such as the Medical Council.  (g) At the request of the Minister of Health, the Board of Health set up a committee to make recommendations to government on several aspects of nursing services aimed at making better use of such services. The committee's recommendations will receive the attention of Government immediately they are received.  13. The Health-Related Professions.  (a) Second School of Physiotherapy. Because the present School of Physiotherapy at Dunedin has reached its maximum annual intake of 70 students, we have approved a second school at Auckland. This will enable the present shortage of physiotherapists to be overcome and provide for future requirements. The new school will initially have an annual intake of about 50 students. The school is expected to commence early in 1973.  (b) Radiographers and Nuclear Medicine Technicians. The National Government plans to improve the standards of training of student radiographers and nuclear medicine technicians. Committees have been set up by the Council of the Central Institute of Technology to advise on the feasibility of establishing courses of training in these two subjects at the Central Institute of Technology in Petone.  14. Medical Research. The National Government will substantially increase its support for the Medical Research Council of New Zealand. It has authorised a grant of $6 million for the 1973/75 period. Government grants have increased steadily from $900,000 in 1964/66 to $1.7 million in 1967/69, to $3.5 million in 1970/72 and for 1973/75 the grant is $6 million.  15. Health Service Research Unit. The National Government will extend the services of this unit which has the responsibility of providing health administrators, both within the Department of Health and Hospital Boards, with advice on a quantitative basis for making decisions on the employment of medical and other health workers and in the utilisation of other health resources. The Unit has undertaken a considerable number of valuable assignments since its establishment over 10 years ago.  SECTION C -- MEDICAL SERVICES AND DRUG CONTROL.  16. Royal Commission on Social Security. The National Government has implemented the major health benefit recommendations of the Commission's Report. These include.  (a) increases in the general medical services benefit and the "special group" general medical services benefit.  (b) extension of the "special group" to include children up to 10 years of age. And.  (c) introduction of an immunisation benefit.  The remaining recommendations will be dealt with expeditiously as soon as negotiations with the appropriate medical, dental and other health related bodies have been completed.  17. Health Centres and Group Practices. The National Government has made legislative provision for the establishment of health centres by hospital boards, and special loan finance will be provided. It is anticipated that 10 health centre projects will be under way in 1973, and support for group practice loans introduced by the National Government will be continued.  18. Non-Medical Use of Drugs.  (a) The Government shares the concern of the WHO and other United Nations organisations in the urgent need to minimise harm to the individual and the community arising out of the world-wide increase in the non-medical use and abuse of drugs.  (b) The National Government has signed the United Nations Convention on Psychotropic substances formulated at the Vienna Conference in 1971 and in advance of full implementation has initiated further restriction on the use and availability of amphetamines. We have also established in New Zealand a National Drug Information Bureau with a Board of Control drawn from Health, Police and Customs Departments, affording close liaison both at Ministerial and official levels.  (c) The National Government will.  (i) continue to promote a comprehensive and continuous programme of health education in this field.  (ii) make funds available for post-graduate courses for doctors.  (iii) introduce an educational programme at secondary schools and, where appropriate, at more advanced levels.  (iv) encourage and support improvements in the facilities for treatment and rehabilitation for those already involved and at risk. and continue to restrict diversions of drugs from medical purposes to non-medical use. And.  (v) (in conjunction with Hospital Boards) complete arrangements currently being made for the establishment of drug assessment and treatment centres.  SECTION D.- DENTAL SERVICES.  19. School Dental Service Re-equipment Programme. The National Government has approved a re-equipment programme which will involve expenditure of almost $400,000 over the next three years. In this financial year $150,000 has been allocated for the purchase of high speed dental equipment and pump chairs for intermediate school dental clinics.  SECTION E - PUBLIC HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION.  20. National Health Centre, Porirua. This new Centre, which will group decentralised Head Office research units of the Department of Health into one complex on land set aside at Porirua Hospital, will allow maximum use of common facilities and improve overall administration as well as enabling a more effective service to be supplied to the many agencies who use the facilities which will be located at the Centre.  21. Sewage, Sewerage and Water Supply Schemes. To assist local authorities and relieve ratepayers, the National Government will continue its liberal subsidies for sewerage reticulation, sewage treatment and water supply schemes. During the last three years the schemes have been extended on no fewer than three occasions and in 1972 we removed the $100,000 ceiling on these subsidies which are now payable at the rate of $1 for $2 basis, at the subsidisable cost without limit.  22. Clean Air. The National Government has passed the Clean Air Act to ensure the maximum protection of our environment from air pollution. It will provide loans to those local authorities responsible for Clean Air Zones so that householders may be financially assisted to convert unsatisfactory coal-burning appliances to forms of heating which do not cause pollution.  23. Family Planning. As a health measure to protect the mother and child and to improve the quality of family life, the National Government's policy on family planning provides for.  (a) Government financial assistance to the N.Z. Family Planning Association.  (b) use of Health Department clinics rent free by the Association.  (c) training courses for general practitioners. And.  (d) (from 1973) extension of current assistance to existing Catholic family planning clinics.  24. Sex Education. The Government will step up and extend the scope of the sex education programmes through the Health and Education Departments, in consultation with other agencies, to provide assistance and advice in matters relating to family life and sexual relations.  25. Smoking. The educational programme drawing attention to the dangers of smoking will be intensified and the distribution of informative pamphlets and authoritative articles increased. Negotiations will continue with representatives of tobacco firms, with a view to obtaining their co-operation in restricting advertising and printing warning notices on cigarette packs.  26. Public Health Research and Environmental Protection. The National Government will continue its policy of encouraging research in the fields of Public Health and Environmental Protection, by means of grants to university and other research workers, (e.g. grants to Auckland University to undertake research into the spread of algae, and to a university to conduct research into the source and types of solid waste). Likewise, research programmes of the National Health Institute and the Occupational Health Unit relating to possible health hazards arising from the environment will be continued.  SECTION F - WELFARE SERVICES.  27. Care of the Aged. In keeping with the Government's concern to deal sympathetically with those needing special help, its policy for the aged is based on the following principles.  (a) the right and responsibility of the family to care as far as possible for its older members.  (b) special assistance for the elderly living in their own homes.  (c) where aged people cannot reasonably be helped by their families, or it is not appropriate for them to live alone, then the community in which they live, working through church or welfare organisations and local authorities with Government assistance, is best qualified to care for them.  (d) where the elderly cannot be helped by these means, hospital boards should be responsible for their care.  28. Accommodation for the Aged. The National Government will expand the schemes and programmes it has introduced and operated for accommodation of the aged.  (a) Accommodation in Old Peoples' Homes and Hospitals provided by Church and Welfare Organisations. The National Government will double the cash allocation for subsidies for the 1973/76 three-year period to $15 million.  (b) Pensioner Housing through Local Bodies. The National Government will increase the financial allocation for subsidies and loans to local authorities to provide 1,500 new pensioner flats in the 1973/76 three-year period.  (c) Geriatric Hospital Beds. The National Government is engaged on a comprehensive hospital bed-building programme and will encourage Hospital Boards to provide increased accommodation for the elderly as required.  (d) Assistance to the elderly in their Homes. The National Government will continue and further develop its long-established policy of affording domiciliary services such as meals on wheels, laundry services, home aids, district nurses and medical equipment, etc., to assist the elderly who wish to live in their own homes.  (e) Siting of Homes and other accommodation for the elderly. The National Government will give close attention to the siting of new accommodation so that the elderly will be encouraged to play their full part in the community.  (f) Survey of accommodation for the elderly. The Health Services Research Unit is undertaking two surveys into the accommodation and hospital needs of the aged. Their findings which are expected in 1973 will form the basis of future needs and programming of homes for the aged and geriatric hospital beds.  29. Assistance with Improvements and Up-gradings. The National Government will continue to provide assistance for re-construction of older homes and hospitals. As from 1 April 1966 we widened the policy to include a 50% subsidy towards the up-grading and improvement of homes and hospitals for the aged and this proved of particular value in the case of the older type accommodation established prior to the introduction of capital subsidies. Assistance of approximately $467,000 has been approved to date. Where required by a local authority, a subsidy of up to 75% is granted for fire protection work.  30. New Areas of Welfare Assistance. The National Government will give consideration to the claims of new organisations seeking to serve in the community welfare field. Recent examples are.  (a) night shelters for indigent men subsidised in Auckland ($120,000) Wellington ($20,000) and Hastings ($7,500).  (b) the Laura Fergusson Trust in Auckland assisted to the extent of $79,200 to build a hostel for the disabled. And.  (c) approval for an initial subsidy of $115,000 for a hostel for paraplegics at Burwood.  SECTION G - OVERSEAS MEDICAL AID AND OVERSEAS AGENCIES.  31. WHO and Commonwealth Medical Co-operation. The National Government will ensure that New Zealand continues its active participation in WHO and Commonwealth Medical affairs. This will include attendance of the Director-General of Health, currently WHO Vice President, at meetings of the World Health Assembly, attendance of other appropriate staff at WHO Regional Committee meetings, and the making available, as far as possible, of Health Department officials as WHO consultants.  32. New Zealand’s involvement in the Commonwealth Medical Aid Programme will be maintained, in terms of the current five-year programme which runs to 1976, and will be re-examined towards the end of that period.  33. Training programmes under such sponsorships as WHO fellowships, New Zealand In-Service Training Awards and the Commonwealth Medical Aid Programme, will be continued. The National Government will continue placement of students in formal courses for all levels of medical, dental, nursing and other health-related professions, and maintain its responsibility to initiate with Hospital Boards and voluntary organisations informal programmes on particular aspects of the country's health service, where these are requested.  34. N.Z Medical Aid to South Pacific. The National Government will continue to give aid to medical services by way of specialised technical assistance, facilities for training of health services personnel of all categories. by specialist free treatment schemes, and by material and financial support to approved development projects such as that at Apia Hospital. It will continue to support and meet requests of agencies such as the South Pacific Commission.  35. WHO Seamen's Centre, Auckland. The National Government has approved a proposal based on a World Health Organisation recommendation that there be established at Auckland a Seamen's Health Centre. This will be carried into affect shortly. The centre will afford clinical facilities for routine medical examinations, minor treatment and specialist attention in an emergency for foreign and domestic seamen. It will also fulfil a preventative role, compile data on sickness at sea, an inspection service for ships' medicine chests and education for ships' medical personnel.  HOUSING. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT BELIEVES IN THE PRINCIPLE OF HOME OWNERSHIP AND WILL ENCOURAGE THIS TO THE GREATEST EXTENT POSSIBLE.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT, FOLLOWING THE RECOMMENDATION OF THE COMMISSION OF INQUIRY INTO HOUSING IN NEW ZEALAND, HAS SET UP THE NATIONAL HOUSING COMMISSION. THIS BODY WHICH WILL BE PERMANENT IS CHARGED WITH THE RESPONSIBILITY OF ADVISING GOVERNMENT ON THE HOUSING NEEDS OF OUR PEOPLE AND CO-ORDINATING THE OPERATIONS OF ALL OTHER BODIES CONCERNED WITH RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE FIELD OF HOUSE BUILDING.  3. WE WILL ENSURE THAT NEW HOMES ARE BUILT IN SUFFICIENT NUMBERS AND AT REASONABLE PRICES TO MEET THE HOUSING REQUIREMENTS OF ALL OUR PEOPLE. IN THE PAST THREE YEARS MORE THAN 70,000 NEW HOMES HAVE BEEN ERECTED, OVER 22,000 WITH THE AID OF STATE ADVANCES CORPORATION LOANS.  4. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT ACKNOWLEDGES THAT THERE ARE MANY PEOPLE WHO FOR A VARIETY OF REASONS DO NOT WISH TO, OR ARE UNABLE TO OWN THEIR OWN HOMES AND WILL ENSURE THAT THERE IS A CONTINUING SUPPLY OF STATE RENTAL ACCOMMODATION AVAILABLE AT REASONABLE RENTALS TO SUPPLEMENT THAT AVAILABLE FROM PRIVATE SOURCES.  5. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT, IN PLANNING FUTURE MAJOR HOUSING DEVELOPMENT WILL, IN CONJUNCTION WITH LOCAL AUTHORITY AND TOWN  PLANNING EXPERTS, PAY SPECIAL ATTENTION TO THE NEED FOR BALANCED  COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT TO ENSURE THAT THE BEST FEATURES OF NEW  ZEALAND URBAN LIFE ARE ENCOURAGED AND MAINTAINED.  6. WE WILL CONTINUE OUR POLICY OF ASSISTING IN THE RE-DEVELOPMENT OF DECAYING AREAS IN OUR CITIES. WE WILL CONTINUE TO PROVIDE GENEROUS LONG-TERM FINANCE AT LOW RATES OF INTEREST TO LOCAL BODIES TO ENABLE THEM TO CARRY OUT APPROVED PROGRAMMES OF RE-DEVELOPMENT.  7. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT RECOGNISES THE NEED FOR A GROWING LABOUR FORCE IN THE BUILDING INDUSTRY. WE WILL ENSURE THAT THIS IS ACHIEVED BY REGULAR DISCUSSIONS WITH THE PARTIES MOST CONCERNED, PARTICULARLY WITH A VIEW TO.  (a) IMPROVING THE APPRENTICESHIP SYSTEM OF TRAINING. AND.  (b) ENCOURAGING SKILLED TRADESMEN TO EMIGRATE TO NEW ZEALAND.  DETAILS.  8. House Construction and Purchase.  (a) The National Government will provide adequate finance, and will encourage private sources to invest more in the house construction sector, to enable our people to build or purchase their own homes. The State Advances Corporation loan limits will be reviewed from time to time to ensure that they are adequate. At present they are.  (i) For new houses - $9,500, or $10,000 where the applicant contributes at least 10% of the total cost from his own resources.  (ii) For existing homes - $9,000 or 2/3 of valuation whichever is least.  (b) The interest rate is 5,1/2% rebatable to 3% where the applicant's income does not exceed the qualifying figure.  (c) Up to $2,000 may be provided by way of deposit by capitalisation of the family benefit where the total income does not exceed $75 a week for a married couple with one child plus $5 for each subsequent child.  9. Mortgage Guarantee Scheme. In order to permit and encourage approved private lending institutions to lend on new or existing houses, the State Advances Corporation will guarantee mortgages as under.  Scheme I. On new houses the difference between the institution's normal lending limits and 90% of valuation.  On existing homes the difference between the institution's normal lending limits and 85% of valuation.  Scheme 2. The whole amount advanced by an approved lender up to 90% for first table and all subsequent mortgages or 85% for first flat mortgages for both new and existing houses.  10. Home Improvement Loans. The National Government has made available from State Advances Corporation, loans of up to $4,500 at current rates of interest and, for a term of up to 15 years, to be used for the purpose of restoring older houses up to desirable standards. Local bodies have been asked to co-operate with the Corporation in determining those areas in which such loans should be made. The basic principle to be followed will be that such loans should only be available for houses which have a useful life (say, 10-20 years) left, but require expenditure to improve facilities, add conveniences or carry out urgent repairs. Loans will be available, both for owner-occupied houses and houses for rental purposes but it will be a condition of loans for the latter that rents charged are approved by the Corporation.  11. State Rental Houses.  (a) The National Government will continue to build State rental houses to meet the needs of those not able to buy their own homes. Local allocation committees will be given greater discretion where the need for a State rental house is based on social, welfare or humanitarian grounds. In particular we will have regard for the accommodation requirements of solo parents.  (b) We will continue to encourage the sale of State rental houses to tenants who wish to purchase them.  (c) Greater attention will be paid to the design of State rental houses and to careful planning of predominantly State house areas to provide a pleasant environment. Wherever possible, new State housing will be spread among privately built homes to avoid undue concentration of lower income families. We will continue our policy of exchanging sections in private subdivisions with those in State developed areas to assist in achieving a better spread of State houses. The aim is new housing areas of residents having a fairly wide range of ages, occupations and community interests. Evidence of the new approach to such housing may be seen in the plans for the development of Albany.  12. Assistance to Local Bodies.  (a) We will continue our policy of making available an annual sum (at present $4 million) to meet requirements within comprehensive urban renewal areas, and for community housing for loans and subsidies to local bodies.  (b) We will continue the policy of granting a 3 to 1 subsidy on 75% of the difference between the cost of acquisition and clearance of the land and the value of the reclaimed land. Loans will continue to be available to local bodies at local body interest rates, for the acquisition of properties in comprehensive urban renewal areas.  (c) We will continue to make loans available to local bodies for building rental accommodation in urban renewal areas at concessional interest rates (currently 3,1/2%), the occupier's income not to exceed $4,000.  (d) The National Government has made provisions enabling loan finance to be made available to local bodies or religious and charitable organisations to build flats for sale to owner-occupiers. Where the flats are for sale to elderly people, up to 100% short term "bridging" finance is also available.  (e) We will continue to assist local bodies to provide rental pensioner flats by generous subsidies and low interest loans. From April 1972 the assistance was improved to the following.  (i) 100% subsidy with a maximum of $1,000 per flat towards the cost of land and land development. And.  (ii) 100% coverage of construction costs by way of 1 for 2 subsidy up to $3,500 plus the equivalent amount by way of loan at 3,1/2% per annum. The financial allocation for subsidies and loans to local authorities has been increased to provide 1,500 new pensioner flats in the 1973/76 three-year period.  (f) We will make available finance of up to $10,000 per home to assist counties, through the Rural Housing Scheme, to provide accommodation for farm workers.  13. The National Government passed in 1972 the Unit Titles Act which remedies the long-standing difficulties about satisfactory titles for own-your-own flats.  14. Land Acquisition and Development. The National Government will continue to acquire and develop land suitable for housing purposes. Up to 50% of sections developed will be made available for private purchase, consistent with the needs of the Government for State rental housing. We will also make available sections to builders on short term lease to erect homes for subsequent sale.  15. The National Government established the Building Research Association three years ago to undertake research and advise on structural design and materials, on efficient management and safety of construction methods and on the overall economics of the building industry. Work done so far in the field of housing design, timber frame testing, the revision of masonry and timber codes, acoustics, thermal insulation and fire research has made considerable progress. Information services will continue to be provided at Auckland, Wellington and Christchurch regional offices.  16. The work of the Cement and Concrete Research Association which was set up by the National Government in 1972, will be mainly directed to problems associated with stabilisation and shrinkage of concrete, the properties of aggregates and the production of lightweight aggregate concrete. When added to the work done in the D.S.I.R. and the universities, this Association will make a significant contribution to the development of the building industry.  MAORI AFFAIRS. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE BASIC POLICY OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT IS EQUALITY BETWEEN MAORI AND EUROPEAN IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE SPIRIT OF THE TREATY OF WAITANGI, AT THE SAME TIME RECOGNISING THE DISTINCTIVE QUALITY OF BOTH PEOPLES.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL ENCOURAGE THE CONTINUED OWNERSHIP AND DEVELOPMENT OF LAND BY MAORIS, RECOGNISING THE SPECIAL SIGNIFICANCE ATTACHED TO LAND IN MAURITANIA.  3. SPECIAL IMPORTANCE IS ATTACHED TO PRACTICAL ENCOURAGEMENT TO MAORI CITIZENS AS THEY ACCEPT THE CHALLENGES OF ADJUSTMENT TO CITY LIFE.  4. SIGNIFICANT ADVANCES MADE IN MAORI EDUCATION UNDER A NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL BE CONTINUED, ESPECIALLY IN PRE -SCHOOL AND TECHNICAL TRAINING.  5. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT STRONGLY BELIEVES IN THE IMPORTANCE OF MAORI CULTURE AS A VITAL LIVING ELEMENT IN NEW ZEALAND SOCIETY AND WILL CONTINUE TO ENCOURAGE THE PRESERVATION OF MAORITANGA.  DETAILS.  6. The National Government will continue the Maori electorates while the Maori people clearly indicate the desire for this, but the National Government looks forward to the day when Maoris feel that they no longer require separate representation and the National Party will continue actively to encourage Maoris to offer themselves for selection as candidates in European seats.  7. "Maori Lands in Maori Hands".  (a) The national government will continue.  (i) to give aid to owners of Maori lend to keep it in Maori ownership and use.  (ii) to help in the proper development of Maori land and land owned by Maoris for the benefit of its owners both for farming, industrial and commercial purposes.  (iii) to make available finance to buy back former Maori land for workable economic propositions.  (iv) to retain for the owners their normal rights to dispose of their land if they so wish.  (v) to provide financial assistance to Maori Land Incorporations for land improvement and to settlers purchasing freeholds and for afforestation. And.  (vi) to expand the land-lease scheme for afforestation on a share basis.  (b) The National Government will help owners of blocks of productive Maori land to purchase small interests from other owners or iron the Maori Trustee.  8. Farming and Commercial Enterprise.  (a) The National Government is actively encouraging more Maoris to engage in general farming and horticulture, poultry farming, seafood farming, fishing and other commercial activities. We will continue to provide technical advice and financial assistance for these diversified economic pursuits.  (b) The National Government will carry out surveys of specific areas of Maori land and assets to assess the potential for economic development.  9. Urban Challenges.  (a) The National Government attaches special importance to assisting Maori citizens as they face the challenge of adjustment to city living and will continue these special services.  (i) hostels for young Maoris working in cities with subsidies to churches and other organisations providing such accommodation.  (ii) youth leadership training and encouragement to Maori youth organisations.  (iii) support for the N.Z. Maori Council, the Maori Women's Welfare Leagues Maori Committees, the Maori Welfare Officer Service and the Maori Warden Service.  (iv) support for, and where necessary, additional Citizens Advice Bureaux as well as Budget Advisory Services. And.  (v) assistance with guidance and job re-training and assistance to employers to more fully understand the adjustment of Maoris to European life.  (b) The National Government will make further provision for guidance and legal aid to alleged offenders prior to their appearing before the Court, having particular regard to young offenders and others whose understanding of English may be limited.  (c) The National Government has already made $75,000 per year available to subsidise urban maraes and Polynesian community centres in Otara, Porirua and Mangere and will continue this policy.  (d) Over $1,030,000 by way of 93 loans has been made available to Maori rural and urban commercial enterprise and this policy will be continued.  Education.  The National Government will continue the lean forward in education of the Maori and, in particular, it will.  (a) continue the expansion of pre-school education in districts where Maori children can benefit from it.  (b) extend to primary schools and introduce in more secondary schools the Maori language as an available subject. already 96 secondary schools offer the Maori language.  (c) press ahead with the production of teaching materials for use by teachers in classrooms with large numbers of Maori pupils.  (d) appoint more guidance counsellors in schools with large numbers of Maori pupils.  (e) expand its re-training and adult education programme.  (f) continue the encouragement of Maori boys and girls to further their education.  (g) extend pro-employment schemes for, Maori girls and boys.  (h) encourage Maoris to seek professional and skilled occupations and assist them with scholarships and bursaries. emphasis will be placed on the value of technical training as well as university study.  In furtherance of its established policy of giving priority to the education of Maoris, the National Government has.  (i) greatly expanded facilities for are school education.  (j) transferred the Maori service primary schools into the administrative control of district education boards and extended to all primary schools with a high proportion of Maori pupils, the special forms of staffing assistance formerly available only in Maori service schools.  (k) approved specialist advisers to assist teachers in the development of effective language programmes in schools where there are significant numbers of Maori pupils.  (1) conducted training courses to make teachers familiar with the special learning difficulties Maori children may have.  (m) organised seminars to provide educational and vocational guidance for fifth and sixth Maori pupils.  (n) appointed guidance counsellors in secondary school with high proportions of Maori pupils.  (o) increased the number of pre-employment and trade training courses for Maori boys.  (p) reconstituted the Advisory-Council on Maori Education.  (q) reorganised the Maori Scholarship Scheme in order to benefit more, able Maori pupils.  (r) increased the aid to private Maori schools to enable them to continue the excellent education of young Maoris.  (s) introduced courses in Maori language at teachers' colleges. And.  (t) made a special grant to the New Zealand Council for Educational Research to enable it to accept a continuing responsibility for research into aspects of education of Maori children.  11. Housing.  Since 1961 8,180 houses have been built by the Maori Affairs Department for Maoris, 216 houses have been purchased by the Board of Maori Affairs and 17,371 families have been re-housed through Government agencies. The National Government will continue its work in this field to ensure the adequate housing of Maoris. We will encourage County Councils to permit the building of groups  of homes on Maori land in country areas where a reasonable prospect of local employment exists. The National Government has initiated a Policy of building pensioner housing in areas where there is a high density of Maori people and will continue and expand this policy.  12. Health. The National Government will continue to provide special assistance, where needed, to deal with health problems. This includes health education as well as remedial programmes based on diagnosis of special health problems by the Maori Health Committee of the Board of Health.  13. Culture.  The National Government encourages the preservation and development of Maori culture and welcomes and supports the extension of Whore Wananga seminars. Evidence of this encouragement is shown in the following.  (a) we convened the National Development Conference which invited Maori organisations to make representations. as a result of these, the National Government accepted the recommendation to set up the first Polynesian Festival and it will continue to support the Festival as a regular New Zealand event.  (b) our continuing support to the formation of Maori Cultural Clubs.  (c) the establishment of the New Zealand Maori Arts and Crafts Institute at Whakarewarewa to give training in the principal Maori Arts and Crafts. The institute will continue to have National Government support.  (d) conscious of the need to encourage mutual respect and understanding, the National Government supports.  (i) active recruitment and training of Maori men and women for positions of mana responsibility. Maoris have been appointed to High Commission posts, the New Zealand Broadcasting Corporation, the Forest Parks Boards and the Nature Conservation Council.  (ii) increase in Maori sessions on T.V. and radio. And.  (iii) use of Maori art motifs on public buildings.  FOREIGN AFFAIRS. BASIC POLICY.  THE BASIC FOREIGN AFFAIRS POLICY OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT IS.  1. TO STRENGTHEN AND CONSOLIDATE NEW ZEALAND'S STANDING AS AN INDEPENDENT, OUTWARD-LOOKING MEMBER OF THE WORLD COMMUNITY OF NATIONS.  (a) BY PROTECTING AND ADVANCING NEW ZEALAND'S NATIONAL INTERESTS  THROUGHOUT THE WORLD.  (b) BY MAINTAINING OUR ALLIANCES AND OTHER LESS FORMAL LINKS WITH LIKE-MINDED COUNTRIES.  (c) BY DEVELOPING FRIENDLY RELATIONS WITH AS MANY COUNTRIES AS  POSSIBLE.  (d) BY PROMOTING AND EXPANDING OUR OVERSEAS TRADE AND.  (e) BY ENCOURAGING CULTURAL AND SPORTING EXCHANGES.  2. TO MAINTAIN CLOSE TIES WITH BRITAIN AND TO HELP KEEP THE COMMON-WEALTH A STRONG FORCE IN PROMOTING INTERNATIONAL HARMONY AND INTERRACIAL UNDERSTANDING.  (a) BY AFFIRMING LOYALTY TO THE QUEEN.  (b) BY CONTINUING CLOSE CONTACT WITH BRITAIN ON MATTERS OF COMMON INTEREST AND.  (c) BY CONSULTING WITH, AND PARTICIPATING IN, CONFERENCES OF  MEMBERS OF THE COMMONWEALTH AND GENERALLY SUPPORTING MOVES  TO STRENGTHEN RELATIONS BETWEEN COMMONWEALTH COUNTRIES.  3. TO PROMOTE REGIONAL CO-OPERATION WITH OUR NEIGHBOURS IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC.  (a) BY MAINTAINING THE CLOSEST POSSIBLE CO-OPERATION WITH AUSTRALIA IN THIS AND OTHER AREAS OF COMMON CONCERN.  (b) BY PARTICIPATING IN COLLECTIVE EFFORTS TO ENSURE SECURITY AND  STABILITY IN EAST AND SOUTH-EAST ASIA, AND MAKING SUCH DIRECT CONTRIBUTIONS TO THIS OBJECTIVE AS WE ARE ABLE.  (c) BY MAINTAINING OUR CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS WITH THE UNITED STATES, CANADA AND JAPAN AND DEVELOPING DIRECT CONTACTS WITH THE NATIONS OF LATIN AMERICA..  (d) BY WORKING TOWARDS A NORMALISATION OF NEW ZEALAND'S RELATIONS WITH CHINA WHILE CONTINUING OUR ASSOCIATION WITH TAIWAN. AND.  (e) BY ASSISTING THE NEW NATIONS OF THE SOUTH PACIFIC TO STRENGTHEN  THEIR POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC INDEPENDENCE.  4. TO EXPAND NEW ZEALAND'S LINKS WITH EUROPE.  (a) BY STRENGTHENING AND EXTENDING NEW ZEALAND'S POLITICAL AND TRADING RELATIONSHIPS WITH THE ENLARGED E.E.C. AND.  (b) BY DEVELOPING OUR TRADING RELATIONSHIPS WITH EASTERN EUROPE.  5. TO CO-OPERATE ACTIVELY WITH OTHER COUNTRIES IN WORLD FORUMS SUCH AS THE UNITED NATIONS AND THE COMMONWEALTH TO PROMOTE PEACE, THE RULE OF LAW AND THE SOLUTION OF INTERNATIONAL PROBLEMS BY NEGOTIATION.  (a) BY SUPPORTING RESPONSIBLE LINES OF ACTION IN SUCH ORGANISATIONS AND BY TAKING APPROPRIATE INITIATIVES DESIGNED TO SECURE SUCH RESPONSIBLE ACTION.  (b) BY ADVOCATING AS STRONGLY AS POSSIBLE THE TERMINATION OF ALL NUCLEAR WEAPON TESTING.  (c) BY SUPPORTING WHOLE-HEARTEDLY THE OBJECTIVE OF GENERAL DISARMAMENT AND SPECIFIC MEASURES DESIGNED TO PAVE THE WAY FOR THIS OBJECTIVE.  (d) BY STRIVING FOR MORE RAPID PROGRESS TOWARDS INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION ON VITAL ECONOMIC, ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS SUCH AS POPULATION, POLLUTION AND THE LAW OF THE SEA. AND.  (e) BY GIVING AID GENEROUSLY TO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES AND INCREASING NEW ZEALAND'S CONTRIBUTIONS TO MULTI-LATERAL AID PROGRAMMES.  DETAILS.  6. In order to give effect to its basic foreign policy, the National Government will closely co-ordinate this with its defence and trade policies and continue to strengthen and expand New Zealand's representation abroad wherever specific interests require. During recent years we have greatly increased the number of New Zealand offices abroad - in the last 3 years, new posts have been established in Fiji, Perth, South Korea, Chile, Peru and New Caledonia. We will give particular attention to diplomacy in countries bordering the Pacific which offer prospects of increased trade and tourism.  7. The National Government will ensure that New Zealand plays its full part in regional security arrangements as a member of SEATO and also the Five Power Arrangement for the defence of Malaysia and Singapore. Since we regard ANZUS as the principal long-term guarantee of our security, we shall continue to consult closely with Australia and the United States on all matters affecting the security of the region. In particular, the National Government will.  (a) in South Vietnam and Cambodia, continue to help in resisting communist aggression by providing economic, medical and social aid, and support a negotiated settlement of the present conflict on fair and reasonable terms. And.  (b) in South-East Asia maintain our links with Commonwealth countries (Malaysia and Singapore), and strengthen our diplomatic relations with other friendly nations, including Indonesia, the Philippines and Thailand.  8. Under the National Government, New Zealand has taken a leading part in promoting the welfare and development of the Islands in the South Pacific, particularly those formerly within our island dependencies. We were foundation members of the South Pacific Commission and will continue our active support of it as well as other bodies established to advance the common interests and development of South Pacific nations. We organised the first meeting of the South Pacific Forum (of the Prime Ministers of Fiji, Nauru, Western Samoa, Cook Islands, Tonga, Australia and New Zealand) and will give practical support to the new Bureau for Economic Co-operation.  9. We will encourage the progress of the Cook Islands Nine and the Tokelau Islands with which New Zealand has had close links in the past, particularly by endeavouring to channel aid into economic industries which will provide employment and revenue. Increased assistance has already been budgeted for the next 2 years for the independent countries of Fiji, Western Samoa and Tonga. The National Government's aim through its assistance to these South Pacific island countries is essentially to enable them to develop viable economies on a long-term basis, to support their growing populations on reasonable standards of living.  10. In Europe the National Government will maintain close contacts with Britain and the other members of an enlarged European Economic Community and strengthen our representation there as required in view of the Community, with Britain added, being New Zealand's major trading partner for the foreseeable future. We will act in the firm belief that Britain's entry into the Community will demand even closer consultation between New Zealand and Britain than in the past.  11. In the United Nations and its agencies, the National Government will give strong support to constructive activities in the economic, social and cultural fields and join in efforts to raise living and educational standards in developing countries. We will also support moves to control population growth, to restrain pollution of the sea and the atmosphere, and to develop international law, especially as it relates to the sea and the sea bed.  12. We will also work to mobilise massive international support for the earliest possible conclusion of a comprehensive treaty banning all nuclear testing, underground as well as in the atmosphere to prevent the further proliferation of nuclear weapons and contamination of the environment.  13. The National Government will work steadily towards an overall target of 1% of gross national product for aid to developing countries. Of this target, the share for Government aid is .7% of the G.N.P., the balance to come mainly from private and voluntary agencies. We will concentrate our principal aid in South-East Asia and the South Pacific. In the current year overall aid expenditure is expected to rise to about $25 million - an increase of 12,1/2% over the previous financial year. From the beginning of 1972 New Zealand introduced "generalised preferences" in Customs” duties devised in the context of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. These provide for preferential rates of duty on a long list of products imported from developing countries. We will continue this potentially valuable form of aid.  14. We will further encourage co-operation from private firms so as to introduce more New Zealand goods, expertise and know-how into overseas aid programmes. The National Government will increase New Zealand's contributions to multi-lateral aid programmes and agencies such as the United National Development Programme, the Asian-Development Bank, UNICEF and the International Development Agency. continue to give financial assistance to Volunteer Service, Abroad, CORSO and other forms of non-governmental external aid.  15. We will continue our technical assistance programme including academic, vocational and other training for Asian and Pacific Islands students as well as continuing to train students from other  under Commonwealth and United Nations programmes.  16. New Zealand's trading interests will be vigorously promoted by all means, including active participation in the GATT and other international bodies concerned with world trade and international  monetary affairs.  DEFENCE. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT BELIEVES ITS FIRST DUTY IS TO DEFEND THE PEOPLE OF NEW ZEALAND AND TO THIS END WILL ENSURE THAT ADEQUATE WELL-EQUIPPED AND WELL-TRAINED FORCES ARE PROVIDED.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT BELIEVES THAT THE PROTECTION OF NEW ZEALAND'S SECURITY AND INDEPENDENCE, THE PROTECTION OF OUR NATIONAL INTERESTS AND THE MAINTENANCE OF AN EFFECTIVE VOICE IN INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS AFFECTING OUR SECURITY, REQUIRE THAT WE PURSUE A VIGOROUS POLICY OF COLLECTIVE DEFENCE IN CONCERT WITH OUR ALLIES.  3. THE ANZUS TREATY IS A BASIC GUARANTEE OF NEW ZEALAND'S SECURITY AND WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THIS ALLIANCE THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL WORK CLOSELY WITH THE UNITED STATES AND AUSTRALIA IN MATTERS OF DEFENCE.  4. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE ITS POLICY OF-CLOSE DEFENCE CO-OPeration WITH AUSTRALIA IN VIEW OF OUR PROXIMITY, OUR CLOSE ASSOCIATION IN INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS AND THE ADVANTAGES OF CO-ORDINATED DEFENCE.  5. BECAUSE PEACE AND STABILITY IN THE PACIFIC AREA ARE ESSENTIAL TO NEW ZEALAND' S SECURITY, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL ADOPT A POSITIVE AND FLEXIBLE APPROACH TO DEFENCE CO-OPERATION WITH OTHER FRIENDLY COUNTRIES IN SOUTH-EAST ASIA AND THE SOUTH-WEST PACIFIC.  6. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT RECOGNISES THAT NEW ZEALAND MUST MAINTAIN FORCES WHICH ARE CONSISTENT WITH OUR CONCEPT OF COLLECTIVE DEFENCE. WE WILL THEREFORE ENSURE THE MAINTENANCE OF READY-TO-GO NAVAL, ARMY AND AIR FORCE REGULAR UNITS, AND AN ARMY COMBAT BRIGADE AND LOGISTIC SUPPORT GROUPS, BASED ON AN EFFECTIVE NATIONAL SERVICE Programme, THAT ARE WELL Trained, PROVIDED WITH ARMS AND EQUIPMENT COMPATIBLE WITH THAT OF OUR ALLIES, AND CAPABLE OF OVERSEAS DEPLOYMENT. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS EQUIPPED THE ARMED FORCES TO THEIR HIGHEST EVER PEACE-TIME PEAK.  7. THE NAVY, ARMY AND AIR FORCE WILL CONTINUE TO BE MAINTAINED AS SEPARATE SERVICES. THEIR CENTRAL MANAGEMENT WILL CONTINUE TO BE CO-ORDINATED THROUGH THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE. FORWARD PLANNING OF EXPENDITURE AND RE-EQUIPMENT PROGRAMMES ON A FIVE-YEAR BASIS WILL BE FURTHER REFINED AND IMPLEMENTED.  8. IN AN ENDEAVOUR TO MAKE REAL INROADS INTO THE DEMAND FOR HOUSING, ACCOMMODATION AND MAINTENANCE, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS MADE PROVISION IN THE CURRENT FINANCIAL YEAR FOR AN EXPENDITURE OF 6.7 MILLION, THE HIGHEST IN THIS FIELD FOR MANY YEARS.  DETAILS.  Within the above basic policy, we will continue the following features of our administration.  (a) close co-ordination with foreign policy.  (b) co-operation with friendly nations in South-East Asia to assist in the development of their defence capacity by training and technical assistance which will continue on a regional or bilateral basis as appropriate.  (c) participation in the Five Power Arrangement with Australia, Britain, Malaysia and Singapore. And.  (d) a National Service Scheme for as long as our defence requirements make this necessary.  10. The National Government is conducting a major review of defence policy to determine the framework within which decisions will be necessary on the nature and capabilities of the armed forces in the late 1970's and the 1980's.  11. The National Government recognises the constructive help the armed forces give in community affairs, and will continue to make use of their services in all appropriate non-military fields. This includes Civil Defence, fisheries patrols, search and rescue, assistance in community promotions and displays and in emergencies where their resources and equipment may be used to save lives and protect property.  12. Now that the over-riding priority is no longer based on combat tasks in South-East Asia and equipment of operational units, more emphasis and resources are being focused on domestic service problems, especially the improvement of living and working accommodation.  13. The National Government recognises the importance of good morale to the efficiency of a fighting force, and will continue to place great emphasis on the welfare of personnel. In accordance with this policy, the National Government.  (a) introduced an Armed Forces Cost of Living adjustment Scheme in April 1972 which took account of the earlier retirement ages of servicemen.  (b) in agreement with the Returned Services' Association, applied the full provisions of the Accident Compensation Act 1972 to the Armed Forces in peace-time and, for any future casualties in war, retained the basic disability and widows' pensions, plus income-related compensation under the Accident Compensation Act.  (c) continues to give rehabilitation assistance to servicemen who have completed overseas duty in qualifying combat areas and.  (d) following an agreement reached with the Returned Services' Association, will from April 1973, conduct annual reviews of the r rates of disablement and war widows' pensions.  OVERSEAS TRADE. BASIC POLICY.  1. SUCCESSFUL MARKETING OVERSEAS IS VITAL TO NEW ZEALAND'S ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE VIGOROUSLY TO PROTECT AND PROMOTE NEW ZEALAND’S TRADING INTERESTS IN EUROPE AND THE PACIFIC BASIN AND TO EXPAND TRADING OPPORTUNITIES WITH OTHER COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT RECOGNISES OUR TRADING RELATIONS WITH THE  ENLARGED EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY AS THE CORNERSTONE OF NEW ZEALAND'S FOREIGN TRADE IN MEAT, DAIRY AND OTHER PRODUCTS. IT WILL MAINTAIN THE INTENSIVE AND SUCCESSFUL DIPLOMATIC CAMPAIGN IN EUROPE TO ENSURE THAT THERE IS THE WIDEST POSSIBLE APPRECIATION OF NEW ZEALAND'S ECONOMIC AND TRADING INTERESTS.  3. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE THE MAJOR EFFORT TO EXPAND TRADE WITH THE NATIONS OF THE PACIFIC BASIN.  4. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS PROMOTED THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE TRANS-TASMAN AND PACIFIC SHIPPING SERVICE AND WILL CONTINUE TO WORK FOR THE PROVISION OF ADEQUATE SHIPPING TO SERVICE NEW ZEALAND'S TRADING NEEDS.  5. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CO-OPERATE WITH OTHER COUNTRIES IN WORLD FORUMS - THE GATT, OECD AND UNCTAD - IN SEEKING PO EXPAND TRADING OPPORTUNITIES IN AN ORDERLY WAY BY.  (a) LIBERaLISING INTERNATIONAL TRADE.  (b) SUPPORTING THE OBJECTIVES OF MULTI-LATERAL TRADE.  (c) TAKING AND SUPPORTING INITIATIVES DESIGNED TO LOWER TRADE BARRIERS WHICH INHIBIT OUR TRADE, ESPECIALLY IN AGRICULTURAL products. AND.  (d) PROMOTING INTERNATIONAL COMMODITY AGREEMENTS FOR TEMPERATE ZONE AND OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.  6. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AFFIRMS THAT THE CONTINUING GROWTH OF NEW ZEALAND'S EXPORTS WILL DEPEND INCREASINGLY ON DIVERSIFICATION OF BOTH AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS TO MEET CHANGING MARKET REQUIREMENTS. WE WILL THEREFORE NOT ONLY PROMOTE EXPANSION OF SALES OF EXISTING PRODUCTS BUT WILL PROVIDE INCENTIVES TO EXTEND THE RANGE OF EXPORT PRODUCTS AND MARKETS.  DETAILS.  7. At Ministerial and official levels the National Government will press for the most favourable interpretation of the New Zealand Protocol to Britain's Treaty of Accession to the E..E.C. to provide for the marketing of dairy products up to and beyond 1977.  8. The National Government will impress upon the enlarged Community the importance to New Zealand's future international trade of the observance of the non-frustration clause of the protocol which provides that the Community will not undermine New Zealand's efforts to diversify its trade in dairy products.  9. The National Government will take all possible steps necessary to safeguard and promote the sale of lamb in the enlarged Community from its base in the British market and with the British Government's assurance of adequate access at remunerative prices for New Zealand's export lamb.  10. In the furtherance of this basic policy, the National Government will.  (a) encourage manufacturers to grasp the opportunities for further growth in trans-Tasman trade within the New Zealand-Australia Free Trade Agreement and to recognise the safeguards which the Agreement affords.  (b) co-operate with and assist New Zealand industry to take advantage of the Memorandum of Understanding on Defence Supply to meet the needs of both Australia and New Zealand.  (c) co-operate fully with the island nation of the south Pacific and the Economic Bureau in Suva to shape a new pattern for trade and development in the region.  (d) reconstruct the New Zealand Customs Tariff to protect New Zealand industry and enlarge trading opportunities with our Commonwealth partners, Europe, the United States, Japan and developing countries.  (e) consult fully with New Zealand's trading partners in the commonwealth to preserve tariff preferences where these would be mutually advantageous.  (f) work to expand trade between New Zealand and the nations of Eastern Europe and China through Ministerial, official or trading missions.  (g) seek to open new markets for farming and industrial products through the provision of credits as has been so successfully achieved in the case of Peru, Chile and Indonesia.  (h) continue the extension of the Trade Commissioner service by establishing new posts (of which 17 have been opened since 1960) to support private enterprise and the Producer Boards in exploiting market opportunities.  (i) provide export tax and other incentives to encourage industrialists to manufacture for and sell in overseas markets.  (j) strengthen and, where necessary, extend the operations of the Export Guarantee Office to provide export credit insurance to cover exports of goods and services and the establishment of New Zealand enterprises in markets where trading conditions are uncertain.  (k) provide support where necessary, through secondment of Departmental officers, to ENEX, ANZDEC and those professional groups establishing themselves in developing countries of Asia and the Pacific.  (1) make short term appointments of specially qualified persons from private enterprise to conduct market surveys of specific products in specific areas.  (m) consult with the Trade Promotion Council in the promotion trade missions, trade surveys and trade fairs. And.  (n) expand and develop the system of export seminars to equip New Zealand exporters with the most up-to-date knowledge and techniques.  FARMING. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT'S FARMING POLICY IS BASED ON THE PREMISE THAT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION WILL CONTINUE TO BE THE MOST IMPORTANT SINGLE FACTOR IN NEW ZEALAND'S ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND THE LARGEST SOURCE OF OVERSEAS EXCHANGE. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL THEREFORE TAKE SUCH STEPS AS ARE NECESSARY TO PROMOTE THE EFFICIENCY OF FARMING AND PROVIDE THE INCENTIVES AND GENERAL ECONOMIC CLIMATE CONDUCIVE TO PROFITABLE PRODUCTION.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL BE GUIDED BY FOUR MAIN OBJECTIVES IN ITS AGRICULTURAL POLICY.  (a) TO INCREASE THE VOLUME OF PRODUCTION IN THE SECTORS WHERE PRODUCTION IS ECONOMIC - FOR WHICH THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO PROVIDE INCENTIVES AS MAY BE JUSTIFIED, AND TO PROVIDE ASSISTANCE IN THOSE SECTORS GOING THROUGH TEMPORARY DIFFICULTIES.  (b) TO DIVERSIFY PRODUCTION TO PROVIDE WHAT THE CUSTOMER REQUIRES - TO HELP IN THIS RESPECT, WE WILL ASSIST THE PRODUCER BOARDS TO INTENSIFY THEIR EFFORTS TO ENCOURAGE DIVERSIFIED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN ORDER TO EXPAND SALES IN OUR MAJOR MARKETS, AND DEVELOP SUPPLEMENTARY MARKETS.  (c) TO KEEP COSTS AS LOW AS POSSIBLE - BY CONTINUING WITH OUR POLICY OF STABILISATION TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVE EFFICIENCY. AND.  (d) TO MARKET IN THE MOST EFFICIENT MANNER - FOR THIS WE WILL ENCOURAGE THE INFUSION INTO THE PRODUCER BOARD STRUCTURE OF COMMERCIAL BUSINESS EXPERIENCE AND ABILITY AND WE WILL CONTINUE, AND EXPAND WHERE NECESSARY, THE ASSISTANCE GIVEN TO THE BOARDS BY THE MINISTER OF OVERSEAS TRADE AND OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES.  3. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT ACCEPTED THE TARGETS SET BY THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE CALLING FOR A 51% INCREASE IN EXPORT EARNINGS OF FARM PRODUCTS IN THE 12 YEARS TO 1981-82. THESE TARGETS REQUIRED NEW PROGRAMMES IN LIVESTOCK BREEDING, IN CROP DEVELOPMENT, IN HORTICULTURE AND IN WINE-MAKING AND THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS DESIGNED INCENTIVES FOR FARMERS TO TACKLE THIS BIG TASK. WE WILL PROCEED IN CLOSE CO-OPERATION WITH THE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION COUNCIL.  4. WE WILL CONTINUE OUR POLICY OF PRODUCER CONTROL OVER THE MARKETING OF PRIMARY PRODUCE.  5. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL MAINTAIN ITS PROGRESSIVE LAND POLICY AIMED AT BRINGING SUITABLE LAND INTO PROFITABLE PRODUCTION. MARGINAL LANDS BOARD OPERATIONS AND ASSISTANCE WILL CONTINUE ON A GENEROUS SCALE AND STATE ADVANCES CORPORATION FARM FINANCING WILL ALSO ASSIST QUALIFYING FARMERS TO DEVELOP THEIR PROPERTIES.  DETAILS.  6. To support research in livestock breeding the National Government will continue, where necessary, to import selected breeds of animals through the maximum security quarantine station on Somes Island.  7. The Controlled Climate Laboratory at Grasslands Division, D.S.I.R., Palmerston North, will be used to explore the possibilities of new crops for livestock feeding.  8. The National Government has made research contracts to study new techniques for vegetable cropping at Lincoln College. This policy will be continued and further contracts will be made.  9. Veterinary diagnostic services have been re-organised within the Animal Health Division of the Department of Agriculture and expanded in co-operation with the veterinary professional and with veterinary clubs. The establishment of a diagnostic station at Massey University has been approved.  10. The scheme for the eradication of tuberculosis from dairy herds has been extended to give complete coverage. The campaign against disease is now being expanded to deal with tuberculosis in beef herds. Compulsory testing for brucellosis commenced in 1971 and will be progressively expanded.  11. Overseas training for veterinarians will be continued to strengthen New Zealand's veterinary forces in the recognition and control of exotic diseases such as foot and mouth.  12. Dairy Product Development Centre. In co-operation with the Dairy Board, the Government is establishing a Dairy Product Development Centre as an adjunct to the Dairy Research Institute. The National Government will meet half the capital cost and share running costs of this Centre which will assist in translating research results into commercial practice.  13. The agricultural Engineering Institute at Lincoln College, having successfully tested tractor safety frames, is now developing seeding and harvesting machinery, particularly for the horticultural industry, and will continue to have the support of the National Government for the expansion of its work and facilities.  14. Templeton Research Farm. Plans are under way to establish at Templeton an area for intensive research into process crops, and it is proposed to establish a demonstration unit for growing small crops under irrigation at the Farm.  15. The National Government has examined the progressive recommendations from the Conference organised in 1970 by the Young Farmers' Club movement and is implementing those which offer prospects for the advancement of farming. In particular, to provide for agricultural training between secondary school and degree levels, we have agreed to develop Flock House and Telford as Farm Training institutes over a five-year period at an estimated additional cost to Government of approximately $200,000 per annum.  16. The National Government fully appreciates the importance of the rapidly developing wine industry. Because it is desirable to expand exports of New Zealand wines and to encourage improvements in quality, we will enact legislation to establish a Wine Institute to co-ordinate and express the views of the industry and encourage the attainment of world standards of quality.  17. Fertiliser and Other Subsidies. Expenditure on fertiliser and other subsidies has grown from $3.4 million in 1969 to $36.1 million for 1972/73. Government will continue to provide assistance of this nature while there is a need to do so to maintain to maintain the buoyancy of the farming industry.  18. The National Government agrees with the Wool Board that there is a need to streamline the system of wool marketing. To this end, the Wool Marketing Corporation has been established, but provision has been made in the legislation that the total acquisition powers be not implemented unless, by a referendum held not before 1 January 1974, not less than 60% of the valid votes are in favour of the proposal.  19. The Economics Section of the Department of Agriculture has been further strengthened to enable it to play a bigger role in the Department's planning of future developments in agriculture and overseas trade.  20. The Advisory Services of the Department of Agriculture will continue to be improved by.  (a) higher standards of selection for entry into the service.  (b) Improved service advice and information and.  (c) greater co-ordination of services within area's.  LANDS.  21. The National Government has always recognised that a policy of land development is essential to maintaining and improving the nation's standards of living. To provide more farms the National Government will continue to develop the 1.8 million acres farmed by the Department of Lands and Survey, now carrying about 2 million sheep and 229,000 cattle.  22. We will continue using the resources of the large flocks and herds available in conjunction with the Research Institutes and Universities to promote an improvement in stock performance.  23. The land settlement programme is under review to clarify such issues as what constitutes an economic unit, the price to the incoming settler, recovery of development costs and the future of farming relative to the EEC.  24. The National Government will continue its programme of land development for other than sheep farming and dairying, experimental work which will give the lead in diversifying the crops from our land.  25. Since 1970 the Government has facilitated the freeholding of Crown leasehold land on easy terms and this wise policy will continue.  26. Farm financing through the State Advances Corporation has increased during the term of the present National Government from an average of $14.8 million per annum in 1958/60 to an average of $35.86 million per annum in 1961/72, the total amount of advances since 1961 amounting to $430.38 million. We will continue to provide the finance necessary to ensure that qualifying farmers may develop their properties and increase the output of exportable produce. The National Government has established a separate Rural Board at the State Advances Corporation which includes Federated Farmers representatives to Administer rural lending.  27. The Land Use Advisory Council has been set up as recommended by the National Development Conference to develop criteria and advise on the best use of Crown land, and to assist in forming opinion for the future use of all our land.  28. Water and Soil Conservation. The National Government has always emphasised the importance of conserving fertile land which is the prime source of our national wealth. Expenditure on soil conservation, rivers control and drainage has steadily increased. In recognition of the need for a national policy for natural water, the National Water and Soil Conservation Authority was established to co-ordinate at national level policy relating to water availability and allocation, water pollution control, erosion and flood control. The Water and Soil Conservation Act has been extended for better administration and the control of water for mining purposes included.  29. The National Government has recognised the need for an up-dated and more flexible irrigation policy and a very comprehensive review by the National Water and Soil Conservation Authority has culminated in the preparation of new policy aimed at promoting irrigation on a sounder basis, and giving more control to local people. The annual provision for irrigation has been steadily increased and this year exceeds $1.5 million. Schemes to irrigate more than 60,000 acres are under construction at Morven-Glenavy and Lower Waitaki, and the 7,100 acre Maniototo scheme will commence soon. The estimated total cost of these schemes is $44 million.  FORESTRY. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT RECOGNISES THE BIG SCOPE FOR LONG-TERM DEVELOPMENT OF FOREST INDUSTRIES AND THEIR EXPORT POTENTIAL. IT BELIEVES THESE INDUSTRIES SHOULD BE DEVELOPED TO DERIVE THE MAXIMUM BENEFIT FROM OUR NATURAL ADVANTAGES FOR GROWING A NUMBER OF VERSATILE AND VALUABLE SOFT-WOODS. ACCORDINGLY, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO SUPPORT FARMER, COMMERCIAL AND LOCAL AUTHORITY PARTICIPATION IN THE NEEDED EXPANSION OF PLANTINGS AND WILL CONTINUE TO OFFER FINANCIAL INCENTIVES.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO GIVE PRACTICAL ENCOURAGEMENT TO THE FORESTRY INDUSTRIES TO FURTHER PROMOTE EXPORT EARNINGS FROM FOREST INDUSTRIES, THESE HAVING TRIPLED FROM 1966 TO 1972 TO A RECORD $81.5m. THIS ACHIEVEMENT HAS ALREADY BETTERED THE TARGET FOR 1973 SET BY THE FORESTRY SECTOR OF THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE.  3. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS INTRODUCED AND WILL CONTINUE TO FOSTER THE MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING OF WOOD TO GIVE THE GREATEST POSSIBLE NEW ZEALAND CONTENT IN OUR WOOD EXPORTS AND THUS EARN THE MAXIMUM IN OVERSEAS FUNDS.  4. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO I MAKE GRANTS OF HALF THE COST OF PLANTING, DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE TO COMPANIES AND INDIVIDUALS UNDERTAKING APPROVED FOREST PROGRAMMES, PROVIDED THAT THE QUALIFYING EXPENDITURE DOES NOT EXCEED $200,000 A YEAR. THIS SCHEME WILL RUN IN CONJUNCTION WITH BOTH THE PRESENT FARM FOREST LOAN SCHEME AND THE EXISTING TAX CONCESSIONS GIVEN AS AN INCENTIVE TO ESTABLISHED FORESTRY COMPANIES. FOR TAX PURPOSES, INDIVIDUALS WILL BE ALLOWED TO SPREAD THE INCOME FROM THE SALE OF TREES OVER A PERIOD OF 5 YEARS.  5. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT ESTABLISHED STATE FOREST PARKS AND RECREATION AREAS TO FACILITATE PUBLIC RECREATION AND ENJOYMENT. 11 PARKS HAVE BEEN ESTABLISHED IN SIX YEARS SINCE THE LEGISLATION WAS PASSED AND A FURTHER TWO ARE BEING PLANNED. THE NEW ZEALAND FOREST SERVICE WILL OPEN UP AREAS OF BOTH EXOTIC AND NATIVE FORESTS FOR USE BY THE PUBLIC FOR TRAMPING, CAMPING AND SHOOTING. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS ALSO SET ASIDE A NUMBER OF FOREST SANCTUARIES OF OUTSTANDING INDIGENOUS SPECIES SUITABLE FOR PRESERVING FOR POSTERITY. THIS ACTION WILL BE EXTENDED.  DETAILS.  6. The National Government set up a Forestry Development Council representing all sections of the industry and Government to assist in co-ordinating the future development of forestry industries. The Council has reviewed all the recommendations of the National Development Conference affecting forestry industries and action has been completed on a large number. The Council will continue to give advice to the Government on the expansion of forestry and associated industries including a national planting target. An increase in the national annual planting programme from 57,000 to 70,000 acres to produce an annual net gain of 60,000 acres has resulted from the Council's recommendations.  7. The National Government will continue to give increasing assistance to industry through advice and research in all fields of forestry and forest products development, though the biggest expansion will be in the activities of the New Zealand Forest Service. The conservation of protection forests will be continued through noxious animal control, protection planting and related research.  8. The National Government has introduced a scheme in which land is leased for long-term afforestation on the basis of the owners sharing in the earnings. This policy has proved particularly popular with Maori landowners.  9. The National Government will, in 1973, introduce a Bill to enable groups of local authorities to form separate legal entities empowered to acquire, develop and manage land for afforestation purposes and to be eligible for forestry loans.  10. We have given forest research high priority. The first of a three-stage programme has been completed at Rotorua for re-housing the Forest Research Institute in buildings specifically designed for its needs, and the construction of the second stage is nearing completion. Planning for the third and final stage is now in preparation. A Faculty of Forestry was established at the University of Canterbury where teaching commenced in 1970 and from which the first students graduated in 1972. The Protection Forestry Branch of the Forest Research Institute has been located at the University thus associating more closely teaching and research to the great benefit of forestry development.  11. The National Government will continue vigorous overseas trade promotion of forest products. The New Zealand-Australia Free Trade Agreement negotiated by the National Government has greatly assisted the export of timber and wood products. A Timber Trade Commissioner is stationed in Sydney and regular sales missions are sent to Japan and other countries. We will continue to encourage industry to export forest products in as advanced stage of processing as possible.  12. Our beech forests are renewable resources. The National Government believes South Island beech forests which do not have more important values as soil and water conservation reserves, as scenery, for recreation or wildlife habitat could be put to productive use and the National Government is investigating this resource for potential industrial development.  13. The enormous economic boom which the Bay of Plenty has experienced is largely due to the forest industries resulting from the earlier massive plantings. Similar regional developments are being promoted as forests are expanded in other areas of New Zealand.  FISHERIES. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS A WIDE-RANGING AND IMAGINATIVE POLICY FOR THE FISHERIES INDUSTRIES WHICH HAVE DEVELOPED INTO A SIGNIFICANT FACTOR IN NEW ZEALAND'S ECONOMY. EXPORT MARKETS HAVE GROWN SPECTACULARLY AND ARE NOW WORTH $20 MILLION A YEAR. WE WILL CONTINUE TO ENCOURAGE THESE INDUSTRIES TO SATISFY THE DOMESTIC MARKET AND TO MEET TO A GREATER EXTENT THE CHALLENGE OF THE LUCRATIVE EXPORT MARKETS AWAITING DEVELOPMENT AND TO THIS END WE HAVE STRENGTHENED THE FISHING INDUSTRY BOARD.  2. MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES. THE ADMINISTRATION OF FISHERIES. HAS BEEN TRANSFERRED FROM THE MARINE DEPARTMENT TO BE A DIVISION OF THE NEWLY CREATED MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES. THIS PLaces THE INDUSTRY ALONGSIDE NEW ZEALAND'S MAJOR PRIMARY PRODUCERS AND IT IS HOPED THAT THIS LINKING OF THE PRIMARY INDUSTRIES WILL GIVE EVEN GREATER IMPETUS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FISHING INDUSTRY.  3. THE NATIONAL ADMINISTRATION HAS CONCENTRATED ON CREATING THE CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH PRIVATE ENTERPRISE MAY ACHIEVE ECONOMIC EXPANSION ON A SOUND LONG-TERM BASIS. EVIDENCE OF THE SUCCESS OF THIS POLICY IS THAT FLEETS HAVE BEEN Enlarged AND MODERNISED, CATCHES HAVE INCREASED AND ANCILLARY INDUSTRIES SUCH AS FISH-PROCESSING AND MANUFACTURING OF BY-PRODUCTS AND BOAT-BUILDING FOR FISHING HAVE RECEIVED NEW LIFE, GIVING GAINFUL EMPLOYMENT TO CONSIDERABLE ADDITIONAL NUMBERS OF FISHERMEN.  4. IN ADDITION TO DEVELOPMENTS SUCH AS ROCK OYSTER AND MUSSEL FARMING AND EXPERIMENTAL PELAGIC FISHING WITH NEW METHODS, THRIVING EEL AND PAUA EXPORT INDUSTRIES HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED. ROCK LOBSTER HAS CONTINUED TO BE THE MOST VALUABLE FISH EXPORT.  DETAILS.  5. As a further incentive to the expansion of the industry, the National Government has Mortgage Guarantee an d Loan Schemes of $2.5 million to provide finance at 7% for individual fishermen to purchase new and used fishing vessels, fishing gear and equipment, re-engining of vessels and re-financing of existing loans.  6. An important aspect of the National Government' s policy for the fishing industry is to promote fisheries research in all its aspects such as.  (a) promotion of new fisheries research programmes.  (b) world-wide recruitment campaigns for scientific and technical staff.  (c) provision of improved laboratories and planning towards further permanent laboratories with supporting research vessels.  (d) institution of data collection programme to give basic information on populations and trends in New Zealand's top commercial. fish species.  (e) membership of F.A.O. Committee on Fisheries and Indo-Pacific, Fisheries Council and participation in their work. And.  (f) provision of research contracts with universities.  7. Field extension or advisory services to the industry have been established to promote the use of modern techniques, gear and equipment. These services have been applied in the rock oyster industry. A Gear Technologist has been appointed to assist with the implementation of new fishing methods such as pelagic fishing and to increase the efficiency in the use of existing catching methods.  8. In conjunction with the Fishing Industry Board we will continue to promote quality standards as well as a code of practice covering hygenic handling of fish from catching to consumer, for both local and export markets.  9. Further encouragement will be given to rock oyster farm, including loans, with similar assistance made available for the expansion of other fish farming with export prospects such as for eels and mussels.  10. To assure continuing' supplies of paua, harvesting is being strictly, controlled by size and quota limitations on both amateur, and commercial fishermen. There is also a closed season of 4 months a year and a complete ban on the use of scuba gear, both amateur and commercial.  11. We will continue the training school for trainee fishermen and courses for skippers and seamen with special emphasis on safety.  12. The following features of the National Government's fisheries policy will be continued.  (a) grants to the Fishing Industry Board to assist in the development of the industry.  (b) exclusive fishing zone of 12 miles to be effectively patrolled with new vessels now on order.  (c) realistic survey and manning of fishing vessels to improve safety standards and efficiency of operation.  (d) taxation incentives to exporters of good quality fish, both fresh and processed.  (e) experimental rock oyster farms and sale of quality oysters from these farms on local and export markets.  (g) the development of new fish export products such as eels now returning over $1 million per annum. And.  (h) substantial expenditure on fisheries and management research with publication of the results.  13. The National Government adopted the Freshwater Fish Farming Control Regulations to enable a trout farming industry to be established. This is expected to have a substantial export-earning potential after a two- or three-year experimental period. The Regulations provide safeguards to ensure that trout farming is conducted in areas remote from the main trout fishing regions and under conditions that will prevent the introduction and spread of diseases in trout.  14. We will participate in the United Nations preparatory conference on the law of the seas and continue discussions to seek support for a 200 mile management zone for New Zealand fisheries. This would give jurisdiction to New Zealand of the fishing that could be done in this area by local and overseas interests. New Zealand in 1972 hosted the F.A.O. Seminar on Ferro-Concrete fishing vessel construction as well as the Indo-Pacific Fisheries Council biennial Conference.  15. The National Government established the New Zealand Ports Authority to prepare a national ports plan for the development of ports and harbours which will take into account the requirements of the fishing industry, including berthage and maintenance of vessels, storage and export facilities.  MINERAL RESOURCES. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO ENSURE THAT THE POTENTIAL FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND EXPORT EARNINGS FROM ITS CONSIDERABLE MINERAL RESOURCES IS FULLY EXPLORED. WE HAVE AMENDED LEGISLATION AND ADMINISTRATIVE PRACTICES TO GIVE ENCOURAGEMENT AND INCENTIVES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF OUR MINERAL RESOURCES, AND TO LAY DOWN SAFE WORKING REQUIREMENTS. NEW ZEALAND'S LEGISLATION COMPARES FAVOURABLY WITH THAT OF OTHER COUNTRIES SIMILARLY ENGAGED IN FOSTERING THE DEVELOPMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL ENCOURAGE LOCAL PARTICIPATION IN MINERAL DEVELOPMENT BUT IN MAJOR VENTURES, PARTICULARLY THOSE RELATED TO OIL, THE INVESTMENT OF OVERSEAS CAPITAL AND "KNOW-HOW" WILL BE WELCOMED WHERE THIS IS ESSENTIAL TO EFFECTIVE EXPLORATION.  3. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HIS PLAYED A VITAL ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE STEEL INDUSTRY, PETROLEUM GAS AND COAL MINING. CONSIDERATION WILL BE GIVEN AS REQUIRED TO PROVIDING FURTHER FINANCIAL INCENTIVES FOR EXPLORATION, INCLUDING DIRECT FINANCIAL AND TECHNICAL PARTICIPATION IN MINERAL DEVELOPMENT OF LIKELY NATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE.  4. PROVISION WILL BE MADE, WHERE NECESSARY BY LEGISLATION, TO PROMOTE CONDITIONS FAVOURABLE TO THE EXPENDITURE OF RISK MONEY AND THE DIVERSION OF HIGHLY SKILLED TECHNICAL PERSONNEL AND COSTLY SOPHISTICATED EQUIPMENT TO NEW ZEALAND. IN ENCOURAGING THE DEVELOPMENT OF MINERAL RESOURCES WE WILL SAFEGUARD THE OPPORTUNITIES AND RIGHTS OF NEW ZEALANDERS.  5. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS CONSIDERED ALL THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE AFFECTING MINERALS AND AS A RESULT NEW ACTIONS HAVE BEEN TAKEN. THESE INCLUDE MINERAL-ECONOMIC STUDIES, REGIONAL FEASIBILITY STUDIES AND OTHER RESEARCH WORK WHICH WILL SERVE as A BASIS FOR ASSESSING THE FUTURE POTENTIAL OF MINERAL RESOURCES. STUDY IS ALSO BEING CARRIED OUT ON THE MARKET POSSIBILITIES AND CAPITAL AND OTHER REQUIREMENTS FOR MINERAL DEVELOPMENT.  DETAILS.  The National Government will continue to give practical assistance and incentives to promote the following sources of mineral wealth which are currently being tapped or actively explored in the  following ways.  (a) The iron and steel industry has been established producing steel from local ironsands and raw ironsand is also being exported.  (b) Aluminium is now being produced by Comalco at Bluff from alumina imported from Queens and electricity from the Manapouri power scheme.  (c) Offshore oil exploration is expected to continue when a suitable rig is available. Negotiations are proceeding on the price for gas and condensate from the Maui off-shore field.  (d) (i) High-grade bentonite is being produced in Canterbury for pelletising ironsands for steel production and for use in moulding clay for foundry work. There is also bentonite produced on the East Coast of the North Island for foundry sands and other industrial uses.  (ii) Dolomite is being produced in Collingwood for a flux used in steel and glass manufacture and also as a fertiliser.  (iii) High-grade silica sand for glass making is being produced mainly from the Parengarenga deposits in Northland.  (e) High quality halloysite clay is being processed in Northland as a high grade filler for paper manufacture and other uses.  (f) Production of lead-sulphide-silver concentrates and zinc-copper sulphide concentrates is continuing at Te Aroha for export to Japan.  (g) Although there has been considerable investigation into the scheelite deposits, particularly at Glenorchy in Otago, production of concentrates remains very small, from a number of individual producers.  (h) The substantial known reserves of lignite on the West Coast of the South Island are still being proved and work is continuing on the problems of beneficiation and marketing which remain to be solved.  (i) Substantial sulphur deposits have been discovered near Taupo, and work is continuing on a method of removing the sulphur from the ground by the use of boreholes and hot water which has been used on a pilot scale with some success.  (j) Investigations into low grade alluvial gold deposits on the West Coast and elsewhere are still continuing with new interest because of the substantial increase in the price of gold.  (k) Coal mining potential has been re-examined and new prospects are arising for large-scale usage and for exports. The steel works have provided a new demand for Waikato coal and the new power station which will be designed to run on coal or natural gas is planned to start later this decade and will require a large coal mining development at Huntly.  (l) Substantial deposits of Otago-Southland shales and lignites, and the puts of the Chatham Islands, are known to contain montan and peat wax which have wide uses in industry. The National Government will encourage the mining and extraction of these waxes and has introduced legislation to ensure that factors affecting safety, the environment and the national interests are safeguarded.  7. The National Government will continue to support the activities of the Mineral Resources Committee in evaluating the mineral resources of New Zealand. Where companies take up exploration licences for petroleum and other minerals we will make available appropriate scientific services. We will also encourage joint research by Government agencies, universities and industry in the processing of New Zealand minerals.  ENERGY RESOURCES.  Hereunder, "energy" means electricity, however produced. natural and manufactured gas. and our indigenous resources of coal, oil, geothermal steam and water.  BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS SET UP A MINISTRY OF ENERGY RESOURCES IN FURTHERANCE OF THE DEVELOPMENT IN 1969 WHEN THE FUEL AND POWER COMMITTEE OF THE N.D.C. RECOMMENDED, AND THE GOVERNMENT APPOINTED, A REPRESENTATIVE COMMITTEE TO REPORT ON.  (a) TRENDS IN DEMAND FOR ENERGY.  (b) BEST WAYS IN WHICH THE DEMAND SHOULD BE MET IN TERMS OF DEVELOPMENT. AND.  (c) BROAD ISSUES OF TARIFF FIXING AND PRICING POLICIES. THE NEW MINISTRY WILL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT PROMOTION AND CO-ORDINATION OF NEW ZEALAND'S ENERGY RESOURCES. THIS INCLUDES THOSE RESOURCES AT PRESENT BEING USED IN NEW ZEALAND, SUCH AS COAL, ELECTRICITY, OIL, OIL PRODUCTS, GEOTHERMAL ACTIVITY AND MANUFACTURED AND NATURAL GAS, AS WELL AS THOSE WHICH NAY BE USED IN THE FUTURE SUCH AS RADIO-ACTIVE MATERIALS, SOLAR RADIATION, WIND -AND TIDAL ENERGY, AND ANY OTHER SOURCE OF FUEL OR POWER.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT REALISES THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ADEQUATE LONG-TERM PLANNING IN THE USE AND CONSERVATION OF ENERGY RESOURCES FOR ALL PURPOSES AND OF THE NEED FOR PRICING POLICIES WHICH HAVE REGARD TO BOTH THE CONSUMER AND THE SUPPLYING AND DISTRIBUTING AUTHORITIES. THE POLICY OF THE NEW MINISTRY WILL BE DIRECTED TO ACHIEVING THESE OBJECTIVES. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO PROMOTE MEASURES WHICH WILL RATIONALISE THE OVERALL SUPPLY OF ENERGY THROUGHOUT NEW ZEALAND, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE REASONABLE RIGHT OF CHOICE TO CONSUMERS.  3. THE MINISTRY OF ENERGY RESOURCES WILL CO-ORDINATE ALL GOVERNMENT INTERESTS IN THE PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION OF ENERGY AND MAINTAIN FULL LIAISON WITH PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION AUTHORITIES TO ENSURE THE PROVISION OF SUFFICIENT ENERGY IN THE FORESEEABLE FUTURE, IN APPROPRIATE FORMS AND AT ECONOMIC PRICES.  4. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO ASSIST, DIRECTLY AND THROUGH THE PROVISION OF INCENTIVES, THE EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF OUR ENERGY RESOURCES AND WILL ENSURE THESE RESOURCES ARE USED TO THE BEST ADVANTAGE AND NOT DISSIPATED.  5. A NATIONAL GOVERNMENT RECOGNISES THAT THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT MUST BE PROTECTED AGAINST UNDUE DISTURBANCE AND THAT WHERE DISTURBANCE IS UNAVOIDABLE THIS SHOULD BE KEPT TO THE MINIMUM AND RESTORATION ACHIEVED AS FAR AS PRACTICABLE. TO THIS END, WE WILL REQUIRE ALL FUTURE PLANS FOR THE SUPPLY OF ENERGY TO BE THE SUBJECT OF AN ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT FOR CONSIDERATION WHEN DECISIONS ARE BEING MADE.  DETAILS.  6. Household Consumption. The National Government will ensure that as far as possible consumers will be able to exercise a choice in the selection of fuels. One of our objectives is to see maintained a continuous supply of suitable fuels wherever there is a sufficient market or there are sound social reasons for maintaining a supply.  7. Energy for industry. The National Government recognises that the supply of energy must be developed to keep pace with the expanding requirements of New Zealand's primary and secondary industries. We will continue the policy of providing electrical energy at special rates for industry in certain circumstances. Overall energy policy will also continue to take into account, among other considerations, the effects of the price of energy on the ability of our export industries to compete on overseas markets.  8. Continuous Policy Review. The National Government will continually review policies affecting the economic production, supply, distribution and use of energy within New Zealand and make such changes as are required to meet more effectively the objective of an efficient and economic energy policy for New Zealand.  9. Electricity. The National Government encourages the adoption of refined planning procedures to determine the future demand for electricity in New Zealand and how that demand can best be met. Long-term forecasts indicate a very high increase in demand during the next decade. Plans are in hand to ensure that it will be met in the most economical way and at prices which the community can afford to pay. Longer-term plans are already being formulated.  10. Natural Gas. The National Government has actively promoted the establishment of a natural gas industry which is expanding rapidly in the North Island. The re-determination of the Kapuni reserves will enable expansion to proceed at a greater pace. Our original decision to use natural gas, primarily as a premium fuel for use by domestic, commercial and industrial consumers, has proved to be correct and the increased reserves will be used for this purpose to the extent that it is in the national interest to do so. The Natural Gas Corporation is proceeding to extract propane from the gas stream available to it at Kapuni. This fuel will be distributed in New Zealand. As further supplies become available from both indigenous and overseas sources at competitive prices, we will encourage a wider distribution of this fuel to extend the range of choice available to all consumers, domestic, commercial and industrial.  11. Maui Oil and Gas Field. The National Government is negotiating with the Consortium for the production of gas and condensate from the Maui field on terms which will be fair and reasonable for the Consortium and for New Zealand. The issues which have to be resolved before such negotiations can be satisfactorily concluded are highly complicated, requiring a great deal of technical information and expert judgement and involving the development of the field over a long period of years. The negotiations are proceeding satisfactorily and we are working towards reaching an agreement covering the development of the gas field and the utilisation of the gas and the condensate.  12. Manufactured Gas. The future of the manufactured gas industry in New Zealand will be resolved as a result of extensive investigations carried out by Government with the assistance of the gas industry itself. Positive steps will continue to be taken to retain that part of the industry which will clearly benefit the community.  13. Oil Exploration. With the active encouragement of the National Government, very large sums are continuing to be spent both on-shore and off-shore on seismic and geophysical surveys and on actual drilling work. The number of overseas interests prepared to provide finance and expertise for oil exploration in New Zealand is a clear indication that very favourable conditions are offered for this form of risk investment.  14. Oil Refinery Expansion. Planning is well developed for a major expansion of the oil refinery at Marsden Point, which will significantly increase the volume of products refined locally at a considerable saving in overseas funds. Also planned is a pipeline to deliver refined products from the refinery to Auckland. This is a major step in providing the most economic form of transport to meet the demands of a large and growing market.  15. Technical Progress. All industries involved in the production and supply of energy should be technically progressive and much of the expertise required can be developed within New Zealand. The National Government will continue, through its comprehensive educational policies, to ensure that the necessary skills are acquired locally to service this rapidly expanding sector of the economy.  INDUSTRY. BASIC POLICY.  1. NATIONAL GOVERNMENT BELIEVES THAT CONTINUING INDUSTRIAL EXPANSION IS ESSENTIAL TO THE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECONOMY, TO INCREASED EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES FOR OUR PEOPLE AND TO FURTHER IMPROVEMENT OF THE STANDARD OF LIVING. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS ADOPTED THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE TARGETS SET FOR MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. THE GOAL TO DOUBLE OUTPUT IN THE SEVENTIES AND PROVIDE EMPLOYMENT FOR ADDITIONAL 100,000 PEOPLE.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT BELIEVES THIS INDUSTRIAL EXPANSION WILL BE ACHIEVED BY PRIVATE COMPETITIVE ENTERPRISE WITH A MINIMUM OF STATE REGULATION AND CONTROL. INDUSTRY SHOULD BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ITS OWN DECISIONS ABOUT FUTURE PRODUCTION POLICY, GUIDED BY ITS OWN ASSESSMENT OF COMPETITIVE PROSPECTS WITHIN A CLEARLY STATED POLICY ON PROTECTION FOR INDUSTRY.  3. ON THE PROTECTION OF INDUSTRY THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS ACCEPTED THE REVISED VERSION OF RECOMMENDATION 209A OF THE FIRST NATIONAL  DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE.  THE MANUFACTURING SECTOR SHALL BE ACCORDED A LEVEL OF PROTECTION SUFFICIENT TO PROMOTE STEADY INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, INCREASED MANUFACTURED EXPORTS AND FULL EMPLOYMENT. THE LEVEL OF PROTECTION, HOWEVER, SHOULD BE SUCH AS TO ENCOURAGE COMPETITION, EFFICIENCY THE OPTIMUM ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES AS A WHOLE AND REASONABLE PRICES TO OTHER SECTORS AND TO CONSUMERS, AND SHOULD ALSO HAVE REGARD TO THE NEED TO GIVE CONSUMER CHOICE AND VARIETY.  IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS POLICY THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL INFORM THE TARIFF AND DEVELOPMENT BOARD.  (a) THAT IT WISHES THE BOARD, UNDER ITS DEVELOPMENT FUNCTION, TO GIVE SPECIAL ATTENTION TO THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE GROWTH AND EXPORT TARGETS, AND TO HAVE REGARD TO THE PROTECTION FOR THE SECTOR NECESSARY TO ACHIEVE THOSE TARGETS. TO THIS END THE BOARD IS ASKED, IN UNDERTAKING THE PRESENT REVIEW OF PROTECTION, TO DETERMINE THE FORM AND LEVEL OF PROTECTION IN INDIVIDUAL CASES, WHETHER BY WAY OF TARIFF, IMPORT QUOTAS OR OTHER METHODS, WHICH IN THE BOARDS OPINION WILL BEST AID EACH INDUSTRY TO ACHIEVE A DESIRABLE RATE OF GROWTH WHILST TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE PRIMARY OBJECTIVES SET OUT ABOVE. IT IS EXPECTED, HOWEVER, THAT THE TARIFF WILL BE THE PREFERRED FORM OF PROTECTION WHERE, IN THE OPINION OF THE BOARD, IT WILL ACHIEVE THE INTENDED OBJECTIVES.  (b) THAT, IN THOSE CASES WHERE THE BOARD DECIDES TO RECOMMEND EXEMPTING AN INDUSTRY FROM IMPORT LICENSING, IT SHOULD ALSO RECOMMEND, IN APPROPRIATE CASES, A PHASE-OUT PERIOD EXTENDING, IN GENERAL, UP TO THREE YEARS TO ENABLE THE ADEQUACY OF THE TARIFF RATES AS A PROTECTIVE DEVICE TO BE TESTED.  4. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT IS IMPLEMENTING THE FOLLOWING FURTHER RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE.  (a) THE PUBLISHED TIMETABLE FOR THE REVIEW OF IMPORT LICENSING BY THE TARIFF AND DEVELOPMENT BOARD. AND.  (b) EXTENSIVE CONSULTATION WITH INDUSTRY BY THE DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIES AND COMMERCE, THE OBJECTIVE BEING TO GAIN A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE PROBLEMS AND POTENTIAL OF INDUSTRIES WITH A VIEW TO RECOMMENDING TO BOTH THE GOVERNMENT AND THE TARIFF AND DEVELOPMENT BOARD THE MOST APPROPRIATE FORMS OF ASSISTANCE.  IN KEEPING WITH THIS POLICY, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO LOOK TO THE TARIFF AND DEVELOPMENT BOARD FOR ADVICE ON THE EXTENT AND BEST METHOD OF PROTECTION NECESSARY FOR THE EXPANSION OF COMPETITIVE ECONOMIC INDUSTRY AND THE EXPANSION OF EXPORTS. WHERE THERE IS NEED FOR URGENT REVIEW OF THE ADEQUACY OF PROTECTION ,MANUFACTURERS WILL CONTINUE TO HAVE ACCESS TO THE EMERGENCY PROTECTION AUTHORITY.  5. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS STRENGTHENED THE LEGISLATION TO PROVIDE STATUTORY BACKING FOR EFFECTIVE ANTI-DUMPING MEASURES AND IS READY TO APPLY THESE PROVISIONS PROMPTLY AND EFFECTIVELY WHEN DUMPING THREATENS THE STABILITY OF ANY NEW ZEALAND INDUSTRY.  DETAILS.  6. The National Government has established and will expand the infrastructure necessary to support industrial development consisting of.  (a) A Productivity Centre to provide an advisory service to industry and to encourage improved management, productivity, marketing and costing techniques and so stimulate the most economic use of our resources of labour, capital and materials.  (b) Research and Development Grants. to encourage widespread use of science end technology in industry (grants totalled $202,000 in 1970/71, and $750,000 in 1971/72 and provision has been made for $976,000 in 1972/73).  (c) Development Finance Corporation. to aid in the provision of long-term finance for industrial expansion and to assist in the development of industry outside the main urban areas.  (d) Assistance in Defence Production. in selected cases the National Government will consider special provision for the development of defence production capability in New Zealand industry.  (e) Support finance from State Advances. to promote the production of selected prototypes, the National Government will make loans on special terms from S.A.C.  (f) Inventions Development Authority. to promote the development, manufacture or exploitation in New Zealand of inventions made by individuals, companies and Government laboratories.  (g) Industrial Design Council. to encourage the development and exploitation of New Zealand design skills by industry.  (h) Policies to encourage investment in the most up-to-date plant and machinery.  (i) Technical Education. through the Vocational Training Council and Technical Institutes courses will be designed and provided to equip New Zealanders with the skills which make industrial development possible.  (j) The Testing Laboratory Registration Council. to certify the standard of testing in industrial laboratories.  7. The National Government will support the Producer Boards and private enterprise in the exploitation of export opportunities for pastoral and manufactured products through the continuing expansion of the Trade Commissioner Service. Trade offices overseas increased from 12 in 1960 to 29 in 1972.  8. The National Government will continue to encourage industrialists to manufacture for, and sell in overseas markets. Incentives to exporters which have been a key factor in the spectacular growth of manufactured exports will be continued.  9. The National Government will promote and co-operate with industry in trade fairs and missions in selected countries.  10. The National Government will continue policies designed to restrain increases in the cost structure to enable exporters to be competitive in world markets and manufacturers supplying the domestic market to keep their prices more in line with those of competing imports.  11. While the main source of capital for investment must come from within New Zealand the National Government welcomes overseas loan and equity capital for the development of industry, wherever possible in conjunction with New Zealand shareholding. Publications setting out Government policy and containing advice to investors have been widely distributed within New Zealand and overseas. In order to simplify procedures for potential overseas investors, the administration of the relevant regulations has been centralised in the Reserve Bank where a special section will provide information and liaison facilities and arranges contacts with appropriate Government agencies.  12. Approval has been given for the establishment of Merchant Banks which will play their part in mobilising overseas capital for investment in New Zealand in partnership with New Zealand investors.  13. The National Government will encourage regional industrial growth throughout New Zealand to promote balanced economic and social development. A Regional Development Section has been established in the Department of Industries and Commerce to examine and report upon proposals to encourage this growth.  COMMERCE. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT RE-AFFIRMS ITS FAITH IN THE VALUE OF  VIGOROUS PRIVATE ENTERPRISE AS THE MAINSPRING OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND, WITH A VIEW TO GRANTING THE GREATEST POSSIBLE FREEDOM TO BUSINESS, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO REMOVE OR RELAX CONTROLS OVER TRADING WHICH CANNOT BE JUSTIFIED WITHIN A POLICY OF PROMOTING PRIVATE COMPETITIVE ENTERPRISE.  2. EXPORT PROMOTION OF BOTH FARM AND INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS REMAINS IN THE FOREFRONT OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT'S TRADING POLICY. ALL REASONABLE MEANS TO ASSIST AND ENCOURAGE TRADERS TO DEVELOP NEW PRODUCTS FOR EXPORT AND NEW MARKETS, AND TO EXPAND EXISTING ONES, WILL BE ADOPTED, INCLUDING STRONG SUPPORT FOR THE TRADE PROMOTION COUNCIL APPOINTED BY THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AND FULLY REPRESENTATIVE OF FARMING, MANUFACTURING, TRADING AND WORKER INTERESTS.  3. ON THE PROTECTION OF INDUSTRY, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS ACCEPTED THE REVISED VERSION OF RECOMMENDATION 209A OF THE FIRST NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE.  “THE MANUFACTURING SECTOR SHALL BE ACCORDED A LEVEL OF PROTECTION SUFFICIENT TO PROMOTE STEADY INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, INCREASED MANUFACTURED EXPORTS AND FULL EMPLOYMENT. THE LEVEL OF PROTECTION, HOWEVER, SHOULD BE SUCH AS TO ENCOURAGE COMPETITION, EFFICIENCY, AND OPTIMUM ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES AS A WHOLE AND REASONABLE PRICES TO OTHER SECTORS AND TO CONSUMERS, AND SHOULD ALSO HAVE REGARD TO THE NEED TO GIVE CONSUMER CHOICE AND VARIETY."  IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS POLICY THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL INFORM THE TARIFF AND DEVELOPMENT BOARD.  (a) THAT IT WISHES THE BOARD, UNDER ITS DEVELOPMENT FUNCTION, TO GIVE SPECIAL ATTENTION TO THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE GROWTH AND EXPORT TARGETS, AND TO HAVE REGARD TO THE PROJECTION FOR THE SECTOR NECESSARY TO ACHIEVE THOSE TARGETS. TO THIS END THE BOARD IS ASKED, IN UNDERTAKING THE PRESENT REVIEW OF PROTECTION IN INDIVIDUAL CASES, WHETHER BY WAY OF TARIFF, IMPORT QUOTAS OR OTHER METHODS, WHICH IN THE BOARD'S OPINION WILL BEST AID EACH INDUSTRY TO ACHIEVE A DESIRABLE RATE OF GROWTH WHILST TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE PRIMARY OBJECTIVES SET OUT ABOVE. IT IS EXPECTED, HOWEVER, THAT THE TARIFF WILL BE THE PREFERRED FORM OF PROTECTION HERE, IN THE OPINION OF THE BOARD, IT WILL ACHIEVE THE INTENDED OBJECTIVES.  (b) THAT IN THOSE CASES WHERE THE BOARD DECIDES TO RECOMMEND EXEMPTING AN INDUSTRY FROM IMPORT LICENSING, IT SHOULD ALSO RECOMMEND, IN APPROPRIATE CASES, A PHASE-OUT PERIOD EXTENDING, IN GENERAL, UP TO THREE YEARS TO ENABLE THE ADEQUACY OF THE TARIFF RATES AS A PROTECTIVE DEVICE TO BE TESTED.  4. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT IS IMPLEMENTING THE FOLLOWING FURTHER RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE.  (a) THE PUBLISHED TIMETABLE FOR THE REVIEW OF IMPORT LICENSING BY THE TARIFF AND DEVELOPMENT BOARD. AND.  (b) EXTENSIVE CONSULTATION WITH INDUSTRY BY THE DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIES AND COMMERCE, THE OBJECTIVE BEING TO GAIN A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE PROBLEMS AND POTENTIAL OF INDUSTRIES WITH A VIEW TO RECOMMENDING TO BOTH THE GOVERNMENT AND THE TARIFF AND DEVELOPMENT BOARD THE MOST APPROPRIATE FORMS OF ASSISTANCE.  IN KEEPING WITH THIS POLICY, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO LOOK TO THE TARIFF AND DEVELOPMENT BOARD FOR ADVICE ON THE EXTENT BEST METHOD OF PROTECTION NECESSARY FOR THE EXPANSION OF COMPETITIVE ECONOMIC INDUSTRY AND THE EXPANSION OF EXPORTS. WHERE THERE IS NEED FOR AN URGENT REVIEW OF THE ADEQUACY OF PROTECTION MANUFACTURER'S WILL CONTINUE TO HAVE ACCESS TO THE EMERGENCY PROTECTION AUTHORITY.  DETAILS.  5. Emergency Protection. The Emergency Protection Authority will continue to provide for a quick preliminary review of cases where emergency protection of a New Zealand industry or product is called for.  6. Prices. As a short-term measure to restrain increases in prices and wages, the National Government will continue to operate the Stabilisation of Prices Regulations. The National Government's standing policy includes.  (a) the maintenance and encouragement of competition. (the Trade Practices Act was amended in 1971 to provide encouragement to, or removal of impediments to, competition).  (b) the enforcement of price control where competition does not provide effective restraints.  (c) the inspection of price movements and policing of restrictive practices.  (d) appropriate monetary and fiscal measures to control buying pressures by ensuring a realistic balance between the volume of money and the supply of goods and services.  (e) financial assistance and active support for the Consumers' Institute and the Standards Association in their work in the interests of the consumer. And.  (f) the Distribution Council - of the National Development Council - working to improve the efficiency and effectiveness to the distributive sector of the economy.  7. Consumers' Institute. The Consumers' Institute was reconstituted by the National Government as an independent organisation to inform and advise consumers on the quality of goods and services in the market and has gained widespread public support. The institute is obtaining substantial financial requirements from consumer subscriptions and the sale of its publications but its work will continue to be supplemented by a Government grant.  8. The National Government enacted the Consumer Information Acts 1969, the Hire purchase Act, 1971 and the Food and Drugs Act, 1969 to protect the consumer. The effectiveness of these controls over Misleading packaging, labelling end advertising of goods and the requirement of information on the contents of pre-packaged goods will continue to be reviewed in the light of experience.  9. Standards Association of N.Z. The Association became an independent authority in accord with National Government policy. The Association is obtaining financial contributions from industry and other organisations which receive the benefit of the work of the Standards Council and its committees, but the National Government will continue to give necessary financial help.  10. Metric Weights and Measures. The National Government will continue to promote the introduction of metric weights and measures, taking into account the advice of the representative Metric Advisory Board, with the aim of completing the change in 1976.  TRANSPORT. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT BELIEVES THAT EFFICIENT TRANSPORT SERVICES ARE VITAL TO THE NATION'S WELL-BEING. IT WILL PROMOTE ECONOMIC EXPANSION IN BOTH PRIVATE AND PUBLIC TRANSPORT BY.  (a) REVISIONS AS NECESSARY IN TRANSPORT LEGISLATION.  (b) IMPROVEMENTS IN ADMINISTRATION.  (c) PROVIDING THE BASIS FOR INCREASED COMPETITION.  (d) STIMULATING INVESTMENT IN THE INDUSTRY. AND.  (e) INTENSIFIED RESEARCH.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL.  (a) IN ROAD SAFETY, TAKE WHATEVER PRACTICAL STEPS MAY BE POSSIBLE TO REDUCE DEATH AND INJURY FROM ROAD ACCIDENTS.  (b) IN TRANSPORT ECONOMICS, USE THE WILBUR SMITH LONG-RANGE POLICY STUDY TO INCREASE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT BETWEEN THE VARIOUS MODES. AND.  (c) ON SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL QUESTIONS USE PLANNING, ENVIRONMENTAL ADVICE AND EXPERTISE TO LIMIT THE IMPACT OF TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENTS AND TO LESSEN THE POLLUTANT EFFECTS OF NOISE AND EXHAUST FUMES.  3. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL, IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE TRANSPORT ADVISORY COUNCIL AND THE NATIONAL PORTS AUTHORITY, CONTINUE TO EXPAND AND MODERNISE TRANSPORT.  (a) IN ITS OWN AGENCIES, THE NEW ZEALAND RAILWAYS, AIR NEW ZEALAND AND NEW ZEALAND NATIONAL AIRWAYS CORPORATION BY THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW AND MODERN EQUIPMENT AND THE USE OF BETTER TECHNIQUES.  (b) IN URBAN PASSENGER TRANSPORT, BY FINANCING THE URBAN PUBLIC PASSENGER TRANSPORT COUNCIL AND BY FORMING REGIONAL TRANSPORT AUTHORITIES.  (c) IN ROAD, SEA AND AIR TRANSPORT, BY ENCOURAGING PRIVATE CAPITAL TO BE INVESTED INTO NEW ASSETS.  (d) IN FREIGHT HANDLING, BY PROVIDING MORE EFFICIENT CONTAINER AND THROUGH TRANSPORT CONCEPTS FOR BOTH INTERNAL AND OVERSEAS SERVICES. AND.  (e) IN AIR TRANSPORT, BY THE CONTINUED DEVELOPMENT OF PROVINCIAL AIRPORTS AND SUPPORT OF TERTIARY AIR SERVICES TO MORE REMOTE PROVINCIAL CENTRES.  4. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO ENCOURAGE, STIMULATE AND ASSIST THE IMPROVEMENT AND USE OF TRANSPORT FACILITIES FOR TOURISM.  (a) IN AIR TRANSPORT, BY THE EXPANSION OF AIR NEW ZEALAND'S ROUTE STRUCTURE TO NEW MARKETS WHERE THESE ARE ECONOMIC, AND BY GRANTING CHARTER RIGHTS TO OTHER AIR CARRIERS ON THEIR MERITS. AND.  (b) IN ROAD TRANSPORT, BY PROMOTING CONTINUED INVESTMENT IN MODERN VEHICLES AND THE PROVISION OF IMPROVED ROADING.  DETAILS.  5. ROAD.  (a) Safety - The National Government is determined to take whatever practical steps may be possible to reduce death and injury from road accidents.  (i) We introduced blood alcohol testing of drivers in 1969 and for research purposes, extended this to cover other road accident victims.  (ii) The compulsory wearing of seat-belts was introduced for all late-model motor cars in 1972 and this policy will apply to older cars as soon as practicable The third Select Committee on road safety reported in August 1972 and the Government has already acted on several of this Committee's recommendations and will implement ethers expeditiously.  (b) Safety Research. The National Government will establish a road safety research foundation endorsed by the International Association of Lions Clubs in New Zealand in conjunction with the Automobile Association, under the auspices of the Ministry of Transport, to advise means of combating the road toll.  (c) Driver Improvement. The National Government will give greater emphasis to driver improvement schools and/or advanced driver training systems.  (d) Expert Advice. The National Government has retained the international consultants Wilbur Smith in conjunction with their New Zealand partners to report on the whole of New Zealand's internal transport system. This report is due for presentation toward the end of 1973 and its recommendations will receive prompt consideration.  (e) Development Research. In support of greater emphasis on total research, further University bursaries will be offered by the Ministry of Transport in transport economics, and automotive and traffic engineering, for study both in New Zealand and overseas.  (f) Taxis Licensing of taxi-cabs will be maintained with due weight given to economic stability, balancing the capital outlay, shift-work and other problems facing the industry on the one hand against the users' interests on the other.  RAIL.  National's policy includes.  (a) further modernisation of railways equipment to permit expeditious and safe handling of international standard containers.  (b) new and improved passenger facilities including a review of provincial railcar routes.  (c) assessment of prospects of providing new passenger service equipment for the South Island main trunk possibly using turbine motive power.  (d) after consultation with the Transport Advisory Council, the removal or easement of rail protective restrictions to give more freedom of choice in modes of transport. And.  (e) continuing review of Railways management with a view to achieving the NDC recommendation for more autonomy in management.  7. SEA.  The following will be features of National's policy.  (a) high priority in association with the Transport Advisory Council for finding an acceptable formula whereby coastal shipping may provide effective and economic transmit services in their relative spheres of New Zealand transport.  (b) continued encouragement of the N.Z. registered Union Steam Ship Company for the servicing of new trading areas and further expansion.  (c) an immediate review following any recommendation by the Wilbur Smith report on the possible initiation of tug/barge services.  (d) positive assistance by way of economic study and legal advice in conjunction with the Ports Authority for the advancement of both coastal and overseas shipping on the N.Z. Registry.  And.  (e) the continued development and maintenance of New Zealand ports and harbours as may be recommended from time to time by the Ports Authority.  AIR .  Extensions of National's policy for improved air services will include.  (a) continued support of both Air New Zealand and NAC in the purchase of equipment and, for the former, protection of its international-routes by bilateral agreements or other acceptable means.  (b) planning, and construction of the permanent multi-million dollar terminal buildings at Auckland, Wellington and Christchurch international airports.  (c) support of tourist air services to the more remote and isolated tourist resorts.  (d) collaboration with local bodies in the planning, development, improvement and maintenance of jointly financed aerodromes.  (e) a full regard for the needs of agricultural aviation as a significant contributor to New Zealand's primary production. And.  (f) support from within the Ministry of Transport, as well as from other departments, for New Zealand's aircraft building industry.  POST OFFICE. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT CONTINUES TO PLACE STRONG EMPHASIS ON EFFICIENT COMMUNICATIONS AS A VITAL ELEMENT IN NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT. THE OBJECTIVE IS TO GIVE NEW ZEALANDERS A COMPREHENSIVE COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM WHICH TAKES ADVANTAGE OF PROGRESS OVERSEAS IN PERSONAL AND OFFICIAL COMMUNICATION. THE SPECTACULAR EXTENSION OF MODERN COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS IN NEW ZEALAND IN RECENT YEARS HAS BEEN THE RESULT OF THIS POLICY. PROJECTS CURRENTLY ENVISAGE AN EXPENDITURE FOR BUILDINGS AND EQUIPMENT OF $108 MILLION IN THE 3 YEARS FROM APRIL 1972.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL ALSO CONTINUE TO IMPROVE COMMUNICATIONS WITH OTHER COUNTRIES, BELIEVING THAT NEW ZEALAND'S OUTREACH TO NEW TRADING RELATIONSHIPS AND ITS INCREASING INFLUENCE IN WORLD AFFAIRS DEMAND THE QUICKEST AND MOST EFFICIENT CONTACTS TO REDUCE THE EFFECTS OF OUR GEOGRAPHIC ISOLATION. THE LATEST ADDITION TO OVERSEAS COMMUNICATION LINKS IS THE $5 MILLION SATELLITE EARTH STATION AT WARKWORTH, BROUGHT INTO SERVICE IN 1971 AND AUGMENTING THE 'COMPAC’ AND 'SEACOM' TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS WHICH LINK NEW ZEALAND WITH THE REST OF THE WORLD. THIS STATION IS ALSO PROVIDING LIVE TELEVISION RELAYS TO AND FROM OVERSEAS COUNTRIES. A MULTI-MILLION DOLLAR HIGH-CAPACITY TRANS-TASMAN CABLE HAS BEEN APPROVED IN PRINCIPLE I S THE NEXT STAGE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW ZEALAND'S EXTERNAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS FACILITIES.  DETAILS.  3. Postal Services. In furtherance of the above policy, the Wellington mechanised postal centre was commissioned in 1971 and tenders have been called for Stage I of the postal centre in Christchurch. The drawing of plans for the Auckland postal centre have been approved.  4. Continuing features of National's policy for postal services are.  (a) efficient quick mail services to and from any place in the world.  (b) delivery of letter mail within New Zealand no later than the day after posting within a radius of about 200 miles. all other letter mail to be delivered no later than the second day after posting.  (c) improved posting box clearance service.  (d) upgrading of rural delivery services.  (e) extended parcel delivery service. and.  (f) promotion of philatelic sales throughout the world.  5. Telecommunications. The National Government has approved the purchase of "Crossbar" telephone exchange switching equipment which will facilitate economic long-term development of the over-all telephone system. In particular, it will provide for long distance subscriber toll dialling (S.T.D.).  6. Other avenues of progress in telecommunications within National Government Policy will be.  (a) telephone and telex connections as required.  (b) completely automatic local telephone service.  (c) toll-free service over wide areas ('FREDA').  (d) up-grading of party-line service.  (e) adequate toll services with increasing automation.  (f) overseas telephone and telex calls as required.  (g) expansion of mobile radio services. And.  (h) development of data transmission facilities.  7. Savings Bank. The National Government will continue to promote savings with the Post Office Savings Bank and to this end will improve the attractiveness of its services. In particular, these will be.  (a) provision of deposit and withdrawal services to any Post Office Savings Bank depositor at any one of over 1,200 post offices.  (b) development of new savings bank services and simplification of existing services. in this regard, legislation was recently passed authorising cheque facilities for the Post Office Savings Bank to facilitate commercial transactions by depositors.  (c) development of money transfer services.  (d) conversion of the Post Office Savings Bank to computer processing. And.  (e) simplification of the money-order service and its to computer processing.  8. Computer Division. A comprehensive programme will be followed for extending the application of computers to a wide range of Post Office operations where economies and improved efficiency and service will result.  BROADCASTING. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT ESTABLISHED THE NEW ZEALAND BROADCASTING AUTHORITY AND THE NEW ZEALAND BROADCASTING CORPORATION BOTH ARE INDEPENDENT BODIES AND EACH WILL CONTINUE TO OPERATE IN TERMS OF THE LEGISLATION.  2. THE BROADCASTING AUTHORITY IS A REGULATORY BODY TO CONSIDER THE CLAIMS OF BOTH THE BROADCASTING CORPORATION AND PRIVATE ENTERPRISE TO INITIATE AND DEVELOP RADIO AND TELEVISION STATIONS, AND TO DEFINE THE CONDITIONS AND STANDARDS FOR THEIR OPERATION.  3. THE BROADCASTING CORPORATION WILL RETAIN ITS INDEPENDENCE IN THE CHOICE OF PROGRAMMES AND WILL CONTINUE TO HIVE STATUTORY RESPONSIBILITY TO MAINTAIN AND IMPROVE ITS SERVICES. EXTENSIVE CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT IS PROCEEDING. THIS INCLUDES BETTER STUDIO FACILITIES, THE COMPLETION AND UPGRADING OF MICROWAVE LINKING, THE REPLACEMENT OF TEMPORARY INSTALLATIONS, AND THE COMPLETION OF FIRST CHANNEL COVERAGE OF NEW ZEALAND. THE RECOMMENDATION OF THE BROADCASTING AUTHORITY THAT THE EXISTING CHANNEL SHOULD BE CONVERTED TO COLOUR HAS BEEN ADOPTED AND THE CORPORATION WILL INTRODUCE COLOUR TRANSMISSIONS BY OCTOBER 1973.  4. FURTHER STEPS HAVE BEEN TAKEN TOWARDS THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A  SECOND TELEVISION CHANNEL. A PUBLIC HEARING IS being HELD BY  THE BROADCASTING AUTHORITY TO CONSIDER APPLICATIONS FROM INTERESTED PARTIES.  5. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT SET UP A SPECIAL COMMITTEE OF INQUIRY WHICH HAS NOW REPORTED ON THE INTRODUCTION OF EDUCATIONAL TELEVISION. RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE REPORT ARE BEING EVALUATED BY THE EDUCATIONAL PRIORITIES CONFERENCE. AND Discussions ON THEIR IMPLEMENTATION ARE BEING HELD BETWEEN EDUCATION DEPARTMENT  AND THE N.Z.B.C. IN ACCORD WITH THE COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDATIONS, FINANCIAL ALLOCATIONS THIS YEAR FOR AUDIO-VISUAL AIDS HAVE BEEN INCREASED - FOR THE VISUAL PRODUCTION UNIT FROM $90,000 TO $180,000 AND FOR THE NATIONAL FILM, LIBRARY FROM $176,000 TO $280,000.  6. THE $5 MILLION AVALON T.V. STUDIO CENTRE IS NEARING COMPLETION AND THIS WILL PROVIDE FACILITIES FOR GREATER DEVELOPMENT OF NEW ZEALAND TALENT AND LOCAL PROGRAMME PRODUCTION. THE INTRODUCTION OF COLOUR TELEVISION WILL INCREASE THE ATTRACTIVENESS OF NEW ZEALAND-PRODUCED PROGRAMMES IN OVERSEAS COUNTRIES, MANY OF WHICH HAVE AN INTEREST ONLY IN COLOUR MATERIAL. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL ENCOURAGE MAXIMUM ECONOMIC PRODUCTION OF NEW ZEALAND PROGRAMMES BOTH FOR CULTURAL AND ENTERTAINMENT REASONS AND TO PROVIDE . BASIS FOR EXTRA EXPORT INCOME.  7. TO THE EXTENT FINANCE IS AVAILABLE, THE BROADCASTING CORPORATION WILL CONTINUE TO ASSIST THE ARTS AND CULTURAL ACTIVITIES. IN ADDITION, PRIVATE BROADCASTING STATIONS ARE REQUIRED TO UNDERTAKE APPROPRIATE RESPONSIBILITIES IN THIS FIELD IN TERMS OF THEIR WARRANTS ISSUED BY THE BROADCASTING AUTHORITY.  8. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT CONSIDERS THAT GOOD PROGRAMME STANDARDS IN BOTH RADIO AND TELEVISION SHOULD BE MAINTAINED. THE BROADCASTING AUTHORITY ACT AND BROADCASTING CORPORATION ACT EACH PROVIDE THAT PROGRAMMES WHICH MIGHT BE OFFENSIVE TO GOOD TASTE AND DECENCY ARE NOT BROADCAST. IT IS NATIONAL GOVERNMENT POLICY TO ENSURE THAT THE IMMENSE POWER OF BROADCASTING TO INFLUENCE MORAL STANDARDS WILL BE EXERCISED IN A RESPONSIBLE WAY. THE BROADCASTING AUTHORITY IN ASSOCIATION WITH THE BROADCASTING CORPORATION AND PRIVATE RADIO WARRANT HOLDERS WILL CONTINUE JOINTLY TO MAKE AND ABIDE BY RULES TO ENSURE THAT PRESENT HIGH STANDARDS OF BROADCAST PROGRAMMES ARE MAINTAINED.  EMPLOYMENT & INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS DEMONSTRATED THAT IT ACCEPTS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF MAINTAINING A STEADILY EXPANDING ECONOMY IN WHICH EVERYONE ABLE AND WILLING TO WORK CAN BE ASSURED OF APT ADEQUATE OPPORTUNITY OF GAINFUL EMPLOYMENT UNDER FAIR WORKING CONDITIONS. EMPLOYMENT IN NEW ZEALAND HIS CONTINUED AT VERY HIGH LEVELS IN MARKED CONTRAST WITH THOSE IN MOST WESTERN NATIONS.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO ENSURE THAT THE REAL INCOME OF WAGE-EARNERS INCREASES IN KEEPING WITH NATIONAL PROSPERITY, PRODUCTIVITY AND DEVELOPMENT. A GUIDING PRINCIPLE OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT IS THAT THE WELFARE OF THE COMMUNITY AS A WHOLE IS BEST PROMOTED WHEN WORKERS ARE FAIRLY REWARDED AND ARE THUS GIVEN THE INCENTIVE TO JOIN WHOLEHEARTEDLY WITH EMPLOYERS TO ACHIEVE MAXIMUM OUTPUT AT ECONOMIC COSTS.  3. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS INCORPORATED IN THE RECENTLY INTRODUCED LEGISLATION ITS GENERAL APPROACH TO INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS AS FOLLOWS.  (a) TO PROMOTE A BETTER UNDERSTANDING AND IMPROVED RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE ORGANISATIONS OF EMPLOYERS AND EMPLOYEES.  (b) TO WORK POSITIVELY TO CONVINCE MANAGEMENT AND TRADE UNIONISTS LIKE OF THEIR OBLIGATIONS TO SOCIETY TO AVOID UNNECESSARY STOPPAGES AND DISPUTES, AND TO RESOLVE THOSE WHICH DO OCCUR WITH SPEED SO THAT THE FLOW OF PRODUCTION AND EXPORTS CONTINUES TO EXPAND AND PERSONAL HARDSHIP IS MINIMISED. AND.  (c) TO GIVE UNQUALIFIED SUPPORT TO THE PRINCIPLES OF CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION AS THE MEANS OF SETTLING EMPLOYMENT CONDITIONS AND DISPUTES.  4. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT IS GIVING FULL EFFECT TO THE PRINCIPLE OF EQUAL PAY. THIS IS ALREADY IN FORCE IN ALL GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS AND, WITH THE PASSING OF THE EQUAL PAY ACT 1972, WILL BE APPLIED BY ANNUAL INCREMENTS TO ALL TYPES OF EMPLOYMENT.  5. NEW ZEALAND WILL STAND FIRST AMONG THE NATIONS OF THE WORLD WITH THE NEW ACCIDENT COMPENSATION LEGISLATION INTRODUCED BY THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WHICH PROVIDES FOR A CO-ORDINATED CONCEPT OF SAFETY, REHABILITATION AND A WIDE ENTITLEMENT TO REAL COMPENSATION FOR PERSONAL INJURY, INCLUDING EVERYONE INJURED IN MOTOR ACCIDENTS.  6. WE CONSIDER THAT A CONTINUING FLOW OF SKILLED IMMIGRANTS IS IMPORTANT TO THE BALANCED DEVELOPMENT OF NEW ZEALAND. TO ENSURE THERE WILL BE SUFFICIENT NUMBERS OF SUCH IMMIGRANTS, NATIONAL'S POLICY WILL BE TO CONTINUE ASSISTED IMMIGRATION FOR SELECTED CLASSES OF SKILLED WORKERS, INCLUDING AGRICULTURAL WORKERS, AND TO GIVE ENCOURAGEMENT AND ASSISTANCE TO EMPLOYERS' ASSOCIATION SCHEMES.  DETAILS.  7. The National Government has always recognised the need for efficient, enlightened and responsible trade unions if sensible relations between workers and management are to prevail. To promote studies and understanding in this field, we will continue to assist financially the Industrial Relations Centre at Victoria University of Wellington and will encourage union staffs to avail themselves of courses offering on industrial relations and personnel management relations.  8. The National Government's recently introduced Industrial Relations Bill makes provision for.  (a) an Industrial Relations Council comprising equal representation of Government, Employers' Federation and Federation of Labour to study and report on manpower and other industrial matters, including questions such as redundancy, on which discussions are already proceeding on Government initiative.  (b) the expansion and subdivision of the present Arbitration Court into an Industrial Court with interpretation and judicial functions, and a five-man Industrial Commission to deal with conciliation and arbitration, and the registration of all collective agreements, which will be enforceable at law.  (c) the continuation and, if necessary, expansion of the highly successful Mediation Service established in 1971.  (d) the term of industrial agreements to be no less than one year nor more than. three years.  (e) standard wage pronouncement procedures to be available at not less than two-yearly intervals.  (f) significant changes in the definition of "strike" so as to exclude stoppages, in certain cases relating to safety and health and to the period of re-negotiation of agreements but otherwise applying to all total or partial cessations of work for whatever reason, including rolling strikes, and stoppages over non-industrial issues.  (g) the retention of penalties for all unlawful stoppages but with significant changes in the point of offence, which liberalises the present law but gives emphasis to a prompt resumption of work with suitable procedures for settlement of the dispute. And.  (h) special measures where industrial strife affects the public interest. The Bill stands referred to the Labour Select Committee to allow adequate time for interested parties to comment and for enactment in the 1973 session.  9. Industrial Safety. The National Government is placing increased emphasis not only through the work of the National Safety Association, but through the statutory provisions of the Accident Compensation Act 1972, on safety in industry and proper compensation for and rehabilitation from, accidents. The Labour Department's safety courses will be continued. The 5,000th safety supervisor's certification the construction industry has recently been issued.  10. Accident Compensation. The new and improved basis for compensation to victims of Industrial and motor-vehicle accidents provided for in the Accident Compensation Act 1972 arose from the National Government's concern over the long and costly litigation, based on assessment of fault, which will now be unnecessary in all motor-vehicle injuries and all injuries too workers. The Act incorporates the main principles of the Woodhouse Report and provides for automatic compensation related to income.  11. Following the success of the experiment in Auckland initiated by the National Government which demonstrated the practicability of a service to assist re-engagement of marginally employed workers, we will setup these services wherever the need for them is established. The National Government will also develop a service to assist in the placing of women in employment, as well as training or re-training of older women.  12. Vocational Training.  (a) The Vocational Training Council, established by the National Government in 1969, has won the co-operation of management, trade unions and other interested organisations. It will continue to promote improvements in training workers in farming, manufacturing and servicing industries and also to encourage wider appreciation of the need for better training of workers.  (b) Voluntary training boards, numbering 12, have already been established by the Council and a similar number is being planned. These boards identify training needs in each industry at all levels, to establish priorities, to develop standards and to bring forward proposals for further training and re-training to meet identified needs. The National Government will provide grants of up to $12,000 p.a. towards the salaries of approved executive training officers appointed by voluntary training boards.  (c) The National Government has set up in the Labour Department an Industrial Training Service to provide advice to industry on the identification and satisfaction of training needs in the interest of greater efficiency geared to greater productivity. This service has incorporated and continues the work of the successful Training Within Industry service which helped to improve management techniques.  (d) A special study of apprenticeship and related trade training has been initiated by the Vocational Training Council and the results will be used to indicate necessary changes in this important aspect of initial training.  13. The National Government applied the policy of equal pay for equal work progressively in all State Departments from 1961 to 1965. We appointed in 1971 the Royal Commission on Equal Pay and the Equal Pay Act 1972 gives effect to the Commission's main recommendations to facilitate the progressive adoption of equal pay for work of equal value by women in private enterprise.  14. Under the National Government, officers of the Department of Labour responsible for the enforcement of laws governing the conduct of industry such as the Factories Act, Construction Act and Shops and Offices Act, have been trained and encouraged to perform their tasks with tact and consideration as well as with firmness and efficiency. This policy which will continue, has brought about much better co-operation and understanding between industry and commerce and the Department. The Research Section of the Department has been substantially upgraded and expanded and is now producing valuable studies on industrial relations and organisation. This work also will be continued.  STATE SERVICES. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AFFIRMS THAT NEW ZEALANDERS WISH TO RETAIN AND DEVELOP A MODERN DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY WITH THE GREATEST MEASURE OF PERSONAL LIBERTY CONSISTENT WITH COMPETENT GOVERNMENT. TO THIS END THE ELECTED GOVERNMENT NEEDS THE SUPPORT OF A DILIGENT, LOYAL AND EFFICIENT PUBLIC SERVICE, IMPARTIALLY SELECTED, ADMINISTRATIVELY COMPETENT, POLITICALLY NEUTRAL AND IMBUED WITH A SPIRIT OF SERVICE TO THE COMMUNITY. UNDER THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT, THE STATE SERVICES HAVE BECOME MORE CONSCIOUS OF THEIR DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES TO THE PEOPLE OF NEW ZEALAND AND HAVE ATTAINED AN ENHANCED SENSE OF THEIR OBLIGATIONS TO THE COMMUNITY.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT ACKNOWLEDGES THE IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTION OF THE STATE SERVICES AND STATE SERVANTS IN MEETING THE CHALLENGES ARISING FROM THE ADMINISTRATION OF GOVERNMENT IN THIS PERIOD OF RAPID GROWTH AND PROGRESSIVE LEGISLATION. WE EXPECT THE STATE SERVICES TO MAKE AN EVEN MORE VALUABLE CONTRIBUTION TO THE NEXT STAGE OF NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT.  DETAILS.  3. Because the National Government seeks to achieve a higher degree of competence in all phases of State Service activities, and because efficiency with economy is our constant aim, we will ensure that the State Services Commission continues with its programme of developing management advisory services and its extensive training schemes to maintain and improve efficiency in all Departments of State.  4. The National Government, after consultation with the Combined State Services Organisations following the report of the 1968 Royal Commission on Wage and Salary Fixing Procedures in the State Services accepted the wage-fixing criteria recommended by the Commission and in 1969 implemented the following wage-fixing machinery which we will continue.  (a) The establishment of a State Services Tribunal to hear appeals against determinations of the employing authorities in cases with significant inter-service implications.  (b) Retention of single service tribunals to hear appeals in single service cases and a Hospitals Service Tribunal to hear such cases in the Hospitals Service.  (c) The Tribunals to have mandatory jurisdiction over salaries up to $11,797 p.a. but recommendatory powers beyond this figure.  (d) A Pay Research Unit in the Department of Statistics, now established and central to the new wage fixing policy.  (e) Retention of the Advisory Committee on Higher Salaries to conduct triennial reviews of top salaries in key positions with an undertaking to give prompt consideration to any recommendations of the Committee so that the margins for skill and responsibility in the higher ranks of the State Services will be adequate.  5. The National Government re-convened the 1968 Royal Commission Members in 1972 to review the results of the new policy adopted on their recommendations in the light of economic developments. The Commission reported a more rapid increase in State rates than in rates in the private sector, and recommended reconciliation of rates by April 1973. Discussions have begun with the State Service organisations and agreement reached that by April 1973 rates for both sectors should be broadly in line or agreements to bring them broadly into line should have been arrived at. The objective is to ensure a fair balance in the relativity of salaries and wages in government and private enterprise and to avoid escalation due to rivalry between the two sectors.  6. The National Government will continue to have a Cabinet Committee on the State Services, to co-ordinate the administrative and personnel policies of the various State Services organisations and assure the representative, of the State Services adequate access to, and consultation with, Government.  7. The National Government introduced the scheme for adjusting State Services superannuation annually to compensate for cost of living increases, conditional on contributors paying an additional 1% of salary or wages.  8. In furtherance of the National Government's policy of regional development, we will continue to assess the opportunities for decentralising Government administration from Wellington whenever practicable. Recent examples of action to this end are.  (a) Bonus Bonds administration in Dunedin.  (b) Data Input Centres at Palmerston North and Blenheim.  (c) Motor Registration in Palmerston North.  (d) Computer Centre to be established in Wanganui.  (e) practically all research work for the Department of Scientific  and Industrial Research now undertaken out of Wellington.  (f) the Ministry of Defence Computer Centre at Porirua.  (g) Census processing at Lower Hutt.  9. The National Government, believing that the community has a right to the fullest understanding of Government and the operation of Government departments, requires each department to have a public relations programme to tell the public about the scope and extend of its operations.  TOURISM. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS ACTIVELY ASSISTED THE NEW ZEALAND TOURIST INDUSTRY TO ACHIEVE A REMARKABLE RATE OF RECENT DEVELOPMENT. EARNINGS OF OVERSEAS FUNDS FROM TOURISM EXCEEDED THE FIRST NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE TARGET OF $35 MILLION IN 1972-73 BY $11 MILLION, A YEAR AHEAD OF SCHEDULE. BECAUSE OF THIS DRAMATIC SUCCESS IN THE LAST FEW YEARS, THE LATEST TARGETS FIXED ARE NOW $74 MILLION BY 1975-76 AND $178 MILLION BY 1981-82.  2. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE ITS POSITIVE POLICY ON TOURISM BECAUSE IT BELIEVES NEW ZEALAND HAS A GREAT TOURIST INDUSTRY WITH EVEN GREATER POTENTIAL FOR OVERSEAS FUNDS, FOR OPPORTUNITIES FOR PRIVATE ENTERPRISE, FOR EXTRA EMPLOYMENT AND NOT LEAST FOR FOSTERING INTERNATIONAL UNDERSTANDING AND GOODWILL.  3. WE WILL CONTINUE TO GIVE PRACTICAL INCENTIVES TO ENCOURAGE PRIVATE ENTERPRISE TO BUILD MORE TOURIST HOTELS AND MOTELS.  4. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL VIGOROUSLY SUPPORT EXPANSION OF TOURIST PROMOTION BY THE TOURIST AND PUBLICITY DEPARTMENT IN COUNTRIES WHICH ARE EXISTING MAJOR SOURCES OF TOURIST TRAFFIC, AND ALSO IN NEW AREAS OFFERING HIGH POTENTIAL. NEW OFFICES HAVE RECENTLY BEEN ESTABLISHED IN TOKYO AND BONN. WE WILL ENCOURAGE CHARTER AIR FLIGHTS FOR GROUP TRAVEL IN CASES WHICH WILL INDUCE TRAVEL WHICH WOULD OTHERWISE NOT ACCRUE TO NEW ZEALAND AND WILL NOT CAUSE UNDUE COMPETITION WITH SCHEDULED AIR CARRIERS SERVING THE SOUTH PACIFIC.  5. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO ENCOURAGE THE DEVELOPMENT OF THOSE AMENITIES DESIRED BY OUR OWN PEOPLE TRAVELLING WITHIN NEW ZEALAND FOR HEALTH, HOLIDAY OR BUSINESS REASONS, BECAUSE IT BELIEVES THE BEST FOUNDATION ON WHICH TO BUILD A FLOURISHING OVERSEAS TOURIST TRADE IS A WELL BALANCED DOMESTIC SYSTEM OF RECREATION AND HOLIDAY FACILITIES.  6. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL CO-OPERATE WITH THE TOURIST INDUSTRY IN ENCOURAGING NEW ZEALANDERS TO BE "TOURIST MINDED". WE WILL WORK THROUGH THE TOURIST DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL, REPRESENTATIVE OF TOURIST AND ALLIED INTERESTS, INCLUDING THE N.Z. NATIONAL TRAVEL ASSOCIATION AND THE SOUTH ISLAND PROMOTION ASSOCIATION.  7. WE WILL ASSIST THE YOUTH HOSTEL ASSOCIATION BY GUARANTEEING INTEREST PAYMENTS ON HOSTELS BUILT IN MAJOR TOURIST AREAS AND BY PROVIDING CROWN LAND SITES WHERE PRACTICABLE.  DETAILS.  8. With the incentives given by the National Government, the availability of suitable tourist accommodation has greatly increased. Accommodation projects assisted under the Tourist Accommodation Development Scheme total 2,900 beds. The 1971 Budget raised the limits of Government guarantees to as high as 75% of the capital cost and brought interest rates into line with current ruling rates.  9. The National Government will continue to assist the Tourist Hotel Corporation to provide necessary accommodation in key tourist resorts where it operates. Some 284 beds have been added to Corporation hotels since 1969 and further developments are planned.  10. Funds provided for overseas tourist promotion by the Tourist and Publicity Department rose from $462,000 in 1966 to over $1 million in 1972. Substantial tax incentives introduced by the National Government have encouraged private tourist interests to extend their promotional efforts overseas.  11. The National Government established State Forest Parks and recreation areas to facilitate public recreation and enjoyment, including tramping, camping and shooting. There are now 8 such parks and a further 3 are awaiting Gazetting.  12. The National Government will continue to assist the industry in making adequate provision for training management and other staff. The now well-established series of training courses in all sections of hotel management and operation is greatly improving service standards.  13. As part of an increasing research programme for which over $1 million is now being provided, we have commissioned a special survey of New Zealanders' travel patterns which should give a reliable indication of New Zealanders' travel requirements. New advisory Services are being progressively introduced to encourage the efficient flow of investment funds into the tourist sector and include publications on financial investment, hotel development and standard accounting practices. The film "This is New Zealand” shown at Expo 70 was an example of the standard of promotional work being achieved.  14. The National Government established, and in 1972 greatly expanded, the Tourist Facilities Development Scheme of financial aid to encourage private enterprise and local bodies to provide better recreation facilities at the principal tourist centres. This scheme offers financial assistance for new projects or extensions or upgrading of existing facilities where there is an established need for both overseas visitors and New Zealand holidaymakers.  15. The improved Tourist Accommodation Development Scheme, (TADCO) together with a special depreciation incentive scheme applying to accommodation projects (20% over the first four years), provides a liberal framework of incentives to encourage further expansion.  16. The Tourist Hotel Corporation will continue to develop the key tourist resorts and provide top quality accommodation where appropriate accommodation would not otherwise be available. The Wairakei Tourist Park, with its international golf course, developed by the Corporation, is an entirely new concept in New Zealand tourism and is greatly adding to the attractiveness of this resort.  17. The National Government will encourage the development of manufacturing souvenirs of authentic style and utilising materials which are freely available - particularly natural wool knitwear, skins, rugs and knitwear and fabrics with traditional Maori patterns. In particular, we will encourage ventures such as the New Zealand Maori, Arts and Crafts Centre.  CONSTITUTIONAL. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT'S CONSTITUTIONAL POLICY AIMS AT THE ENLARGEMENT OF PERSONAL LIBERTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES UNDER THE RULE OF LAW AND THE FURTHER EXTENSION OF OUR PROPERTY-OWNING DEMOCRACY.  2. WE STAND FOR LOYALTY TO THE QUEEN AND FOR DEMOCRATIC AND RESPONSIBLE GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE FOR THE PEOPLE BY THE ELECTED REPRESENTATIVES OF THE PEOPLE .  3. WE BELIEVE THAT AS A PROTECTION AGAINST THE ABUSE OF POWER THE ESTABLISHED DIVISION OF POWERS SHOULD BE MAINTAINED WHEREBY PARLIAMENT MAKES THE LAW, IMPOSES TAXATION AND AUTHORISES EXPENDITURE, THE GOVERNMENT ADMINISTERS THE LAW, CONDUCTS THE AFFAIRS OF STATE AND CARRIES OUT ITS EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS, AND THE COURTS INTERPRET THE LAW AND ADMINISTER JUSTICE SO THAT NO ONE IS ABOVE OR OUTSIDE THE RULE OF LAW.  4. BELIEVING THAT AN ESSENTIAL PART OF DEMOCRACY IS THE RIGHT AND THE OPPORTUNITY FOR OPEN AND CONTINUING DISCUSSION, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WILL PROTECT THE RIGHTS OF FREE SPEECH AND ASSEMBLY WITHIN THE LAW. WE WILL ALSO PROTECT CITIZENS WHERE OTHERS SEEK TO IMPOSE THEIR VIEWS BY DISRUPTION, VIOLENCE OR OBSTRUCTION CONTRARY TO THE LAW.  DETAILS.  5. Within this broad policy the National Government will continue the following features of its administration in preserving and extending the constitutional rights New Zealanders.  (a) examination of Government spending by the Parliamentary Public Expenditure Committee with the object of economies and efficiency in Government services.  (b) reviews of new regulations by the Parliamentary Statutes Revision Committee to safeguard personal rights and liberties or to draw attention to unusual use of statutory powers.  (c) statutory definition of the basis for, and functioning of, the security service with appeal rights, to protect the State and preserve the rights and freedom of the individual.  (d) review of the decisions of administrative tribunals by the administrative division of the Supreme Court, a unique development in the Commonwealth. And.  (e) continuing revision, reform and consolidation of the Statute law and regulations.  6. In furtherance of its principles on constitutional matters the National Government appointed the Ombudsman to consider appeals from persons aggrieved by decisions of State Departments. The Ombudsman's jurisdiction has since been extended to administrative acts of Education and Hospital Boards. We are discussing with the Municipal and Counties' Associations the further extension of the Ombudsman's jurisdiction to the administrative acts of local authorities so that people will have the opportunity to challenge administrative acts where they consider they have grounds for complaint.  7. The National Government, in its concern to protect fully the rights of property owners and to avoid injustices arising from the compulsory acquisition of land by the State and local authorities, has made some significant changes in the law and its administration. Under the new provisions of the Town and Country Planning Act, a land-owner whose property has been designated for a public work and who for that reason cannot sell his property and suffers financial hardship or loss, may apply to the Town and Country Planning Appeal Board for an order directing that the land be taken for the public work or the designation removed. Provision has also been made for solatium payments of up to $500 for inconvenience and upset where dwellings have been taken for public works, and also for additional compensation to enable the owner to acquire another comparable property where he is aged or infirm or lacks adequate means. Finally, compensation is now provided for tenants required to vacate their homes or business premises to enable the public work to proceed.  8. The National Government will take all the steps necessary to protect citizens against the wrongful use of personal information stored in computer banks. The Law revision Commission has been studying the problems associated with the protection of the privacy of the individual so far as computer data banks are concerned and, when the report off the Commission is received, specific legislation will be introduced to deal with this matter. In the meantime, adequate security procedures have been put into operation to safeguard the position.  LAW & ORDER. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AFFIRMS THAT THE FOUNDATION OF ITS POLICY IS THE MAINTENANCE OF THE RULE OF LAW. IT UPHOLDS THE PRINCIPLE THAT ALL CITIZENS ARE EQUAL BEFORE THE LAW AND EQUALLY SUBJECT TO THE LAW OF THE LAND, ADMINISTERED BY INDEPENDENT COURTS, FREE FROM INTERFERENCE OR DIRECTION BY THE GOVERNMENT.  2. WE AFFIRM THAT THE LAWS THEMSELVES SHOULD BE CLEAR AND CERTAIN AND THAT PARLIAMENT SHOULD BE VIGILANT TO MAKE SUCH CHANGES AS NEW CIRCUMSTANCES REQUIRE, AT THE SAME TIME ENSURING THAT TRADITIONAL RIGHTS AND PRIVILEGES ARE RESPECTED.  3. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT IS DETERMINED TO DO ALL IN ITS POWER TO COMBAT CRIME, ESPECIALLY VIOLENCE. WE WILL CONTINUE TO TAKE ALL AVAILABLE STEPS WITHIN THE LAW TO ENSURE THAT OUR PEOPLE ARE ADEQUATELY PROTECTED, FREE FROM MOLESTATION AND ABLE TO ENJOY SECURITY IN THEIR HOMES AND FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT ELSEWHERE.  4. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT BELIEVES THAT INCREASING ATTENTION SHOULD BE PAID BY THE COMMUNITY TO BUILDING A SOCIAL CLIMATE WHICH MINIMISES THE TENDENCY TO CRIME. WE WILL GIVE MORE CONSIDERATION TO THE INFLUENCES ON CRIME REDUCTION THAT MAY ARISE FROM SUCH FACTORS AS EDUCATION, JOB SATISFACTION, USE OF LEISURE, GENERAL MORAL CLIMATE AND COMMUNITY FACILITIES. WE THINK THAT STUDY IN DEPTH OF THE CAUSES OF CRIME, DRUG ADDICTION, DELINQUENCY, AND ANTI-SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR IS NECESSARY FOR THE SYMPATHETIC UNDERSTANDING AND REHABILITATION OF PEOPLE WHO ARE SOCIAL MISFITS OR WHO COMMIT OFFENCES AGAINST THE LAW.  THE GOVERNMENT IS CO-ORDINATING THIS WORK THROUGH THE SOCIAL AFFAIRS COMMITTEE OF CABINET, THE SOCIAL COUNCIL OF THE N.D.C. AND THE DEPARTMENTS OF HEALTH, JUSTICE, EDUCATION AND SOCIAL WELFARE.  5. AN IMPORTANT ASPECT OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT'S POLICY IS ENSURING THAT THE LAW AND ITS PROCEDURES ARE IN LINE WITH MODERN CONDITIONS AND THE NEEDS OF THE PEOPLE. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT, WITHOUT DETRACTING FROM THE LEGISLATIVE FUNCTION OF PARLIAMENT, WILL CONTINUE TO ENCOURAGE THE WORK OF THE LAW REVISION COMMISSION AND ITS ASSOCIATED LAW REFORM COMMITTEES WHICH ADVISE THE GOVERNMENT ON LAW REFORM. THE COMMISSION AND ITS COMMITTEES, COMPRISING LEADING PRACTISING AND ACADEMIC LAWYERS AND SOMETIMES OTHER EXPERTS, WILL HAVE AN INCREASINGLY IMPORTANT ROLE TO PLAY. IN DOING THIS, THEY WILL MAINTAIN CONTINUING CONTACT WITH SIMILAR BODIES SET UP IN BRITAIN AND IN THE STATES OF AUSTRALIA. AN IMPORTANT EXAMPLE OF THE ATTENTION WHICH THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT PAYS TO THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF THESE COMMITTEES WAS THE ENACTMENT LAST YEAR OF THE HIRE PURCHASE ACT AND THE LAY-BY SALES ACT WHICH DEFINE THE RIGHTS AND PROTECT THE INTERESTS OF BUYERS AND SELLERS IN THESE IMPORTANT EVERYDAY TRANSACTIONS.  6. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT BELIEVES THAT AN ADEQUATE WELL-TRAINED, WELL-EQUIPPED AND DEDICATED POLICE FORCE, IN WHOM THE PUBLIC HAVE CONFIDENCE, IS THE FOUNDATION ON WHICH ALL OTHER MEASURES TO COPE WITH CRIME MUST BE BUILT. UNDER THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT MAJOR IMPROVEMENTS HAVE BEEN ACHIEVED IN STAFFING, TRAINING, ACCOMMODATION, MOBILITY, EQUIPMENT AND COMMUNICATIONS. THESE HAVE RESULTED IN AN EFFICIENT, LOYAL TEAM OF POLICE FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF LAW AND ORDER AND THE PREVENTION AND DETECTION OF CRIME.  7. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT IS DETERMINED TO DEAL RESOLUTELY WITH TRAFFICKING IN DRUGS AND THEIR ILLICIT USE AND HAS TAKEN IMPORTANT ACTION TO THIS END.  DETAILS.  8. The National Government has achieved some major statutory innovations such as the Criminal Injuries Compensation Act to help victims after certain cases of criminal violence and the provision of a comprehensive scheme of legal aid in needy cases. These laws have attracted world-wide attention. In addition, National has promoted outstanding legislation in the field of human relationships such as the Matrimonial Proceeding’s-Act, Domestic Proceedings Act, Status of Children Act and the matrimonial Property Act. This progressive attitude to law-making will be continued as the need arises, in harmony with changes in community thinking on social obligations.  9. We will continue to modernise and consolidate legislation to make it relevant to current requirements, and also review laws and regulations that have become unnecessary or unduly restrictive.  10. In pursuit of the National Government's determination to protect the people against crimes of violence, the National Government substantially increased the maximum fines and terms of imprisonment for serious offences. As an indication to the Courts of our view that, more severe penalties should be imposed in appropriate cases, the maximum fine that Magistrates may impose for the more serious offences was increased from $400 to $1,000. More recently, the maximum penalty for assault as a summary offence has been increased from 3 to 6 months.  11. Additional means are being developed for rehabilitating criminal offenders. These include the extended use of pre-release and post-release hostels and work-centres. 14 additional probation officers have been appointed during the past two years bringing the total to 141 and this valuable service will be expanded further as suitable appointees become available.  12. The National Government established Periodic Detention Centres which offending youths attend in the course of "periodic detention" at weekends and at other times when they are not engaged in their normal employment. They have proved successful in reclaiming many youths from crime and more will be set up. During the past 3 years 4 residential and 9 non-residential centres have been established and a further 5 have been approved.  13. The National Government will take further steps to strengthen the police force as the need arises, both in personnel and in equipment, in continuance of its policy of deterring would-be criminals through effective prevention and detection. We have recently authorised a new police strength, to be effective on the beat by April 1973, of one policeman to every 830 of population. During the period of the second National Government the strength of the police force has been increased by more than 1,000. Greater mobility first-class communications and better accommodation have been progressively achieved in recent years and further advances will be made in mobile radio and in teleprinter services. The number of vice squads has been increased with special patrols during week-ends and at holiday gatherings.  14. The National Government will continue to give full support to the Police Youth Aid Section as a positive and promising means of reducing juvenile delinquency. The "Talks in Schools" programme has been expanded and a comprehensive training syllabus made available to members of the Section, now numbering 44 full-time and 36 part-time officers and operating in 53 centres - nearly double the number originally established in 1968.  15. The National Government will make further provision for guidance and legal aid to alleged offenders prior to their appearing before the Court, having particular regard to young offenders and others whose understanding of English may be limited.  16. The National Government is making provision for a simplified procedure for dealing with minor offences in the Courts.  17. The National Government will continue to grant financial assistance to Prisoners' Aid and Rehabilitation Societies to assist them in their valuable community-sponsored work for the welfare of prisoners and their families.  18. Drug Abuse.  (a) The National Government is determined to deal resolutely with illicit trafficking in drugs, to discourage their non-medical use, and to promote the rehabilitation and treatment of those so involved. The Narcotics Act has greatly strengthened the power of enforcement officers, whose major concern is with illicit traffic and supply, and regulations requiring stricter security for legally held stocks have been effective in reducing the incidence of burglary and theft of narcotics.  (b) Recognising the need to foster and support international and regional co-operation in the control of trafficking and drug abuse, the National Government recently approved the establishment of a National Drug Intelligence Bureau. Within New Zealand the Bureau will promote a better co-ordination of drug intelligence for which Police, Customs and Health officers have their several responsibilities. It will also maintain liaison with comparable organisations and enforcement agencies overseas.  (c) We fully support the greater emphasis being accorded by United Nations agencies, including the World Health Organisation, for more comprehensive health education and social welfare involvement in the field of drugs, readier access to counselling services, and the encouragement of those involved towards treatment and other measures aiming at freedom from dependence on drug usage. The National Government will ensure that the Police and Customs officers are given full support in their important work, including counselling offenders and advice to parents.  19. The National Government will undertake a thorough revision of the legislation relating to gaming and the conduct of lotteries to bring this law into accord with modern attitudes and conditions, while maintaining essential controls to prevent abuse.  LOCAL GOVERNMENT. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT BELIEVES A STRONG AND INDEPENDENT SYSTEM OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT IS ESSENTIAL IN A DEMOCRACY. IT RECOGNISES THAT LOCAL GOVERNMENT IS ASSUMING AN INCREASINGLY IMPORTANT ROLE AS OUR NATION DEVELOPS AND IS DETERMINED TO ENSURE THAT THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CENTRAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND BETWEEN RELATED LOCAL AUTHORITIES THEMSELVES ARE EFFECTIVE AND HARMONIOUS.  2. IT IS A BASIC FEATURE OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT'S APPROACH THAT THE RESPECTIVE ROLES OF THE TWO LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT SHOULD BE CLEARLY DEFINED AND THAT THEIR WORKING RELATIONSHIPS SHOULD BE SUITABLY CO-ORDINATED. TO THIS END THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS CREATED EFFECTIVE CO-ORDINATING ARRANGEMENTS BETWEEN THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES IN GOVERNMENT RESPONSIBLE FOR ADMINISTERING POLICIES AFFECTING LOCAL GOVERNMENT.  3. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT ACKNOWLEDGES THAT THE RAPID DEVELOPMENT OF NEW ZEALAND AND THE CONSEQUENT SPECTACULAR GROWTH OF URBAN COMMUNITIES AND INDUSTRIAL AREAS POSES MANY DIFFICULT PROBLEMS FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT. IT REALISES THAT IF THE WHOLE COST OF THE MEASURES NECESSARY HAD TO BE MET FROM RATES, AN IMPOSSIBLE LOAD WOULD BE PLACED ON MANY RATEPAYERS. TO GIVE SOME RELIEF TO RATEPAYERS, BECAUSE OF THE INCREASING RESPONSIBILITIES OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES THERE IS A NEED FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT TO HAVE SOME FURTHER ADDITIONAL SOURCE OF FINANCE TO SUPPLEMENT REVENUE FROM RATES. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT, THROUGH THE COMMITTEE ON LOCAL AUTHORITY FINANCE, WHOSE ROLE HAS BEEN FORMALISED, AND WHICH IS CURRENTLY PREPARING TO REPORT TO GOVERNMENT, IS EXAMINING THE WHOLE QUESTION OF FINANCING LOCAL GOVERNMENT. THE REPORT IS EXPECTED TOWARDS THE END OF 1972.  4. THE LOCAL AUTHORITIES PETROLEUM TAX WAS AUTHORISED IN 1970. THIS TAX PRODUCED $15.7 MILLION FOR LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN ITS FIRST FINANCIAL YEAR AND IS EXPECTED TO INCREASE TO $20 MILLION IN 1975 AND $25.5 MILLION BY 1980. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT IS CONTINUING ITS LIBERAL SUBSIDIES FOR SEWERAGE RETICULATION, SEWAGE TREATMENT AND WATER SUPPLY SCHEMES. DURING THE LAST THREE YEARS THE SCHEMES HAVE BEEN EXTENDED ON NO FEWER THAN THREE OCCASIONS AND IN 1972 WE REMOVED THE $100,000 CEILING ON THESE SUBSIDIES WHICH ARE NOW PAYABLE AT THE RATE OF $1 FOR $2 BASIS, AT THE SUBSIDISABLE COST, WITHOUT LIMIT. FROM SEPTEMBER 1972, A REMISSION OF HEAVY TRAFFIC FEES FOR COMMUTING VEHICLES WILL RELIEVE LOCAL AUTHORITIES OF PAYMENTS APPROXIMATING $500,000. IN MANY AREAS, LOCAL AUTHORITIES HAVE HANDED OVER CONTROL OF TRAFFIC TO THE TRANSPORT DEPARTMENT AND THIS HAS RESULTED IN CONSIDERABLE SAVINGS TO RATEPAYERS.  5. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT HAS CREATED THE NEW PORTFOLIO OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND WILL CONTINUE TO IMPLEMENT A PROGRESSIVE POLICY TOWARDS LOCAL GOVERNMENT. WE WILL IN 1973.  (a) AS A FIRST STEP, INVESTIGATE FURTHER THE DESIRABILITY OF REGIONAL GROUPINGS OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES TO ENABLE THEM TO DEAL JOINTLY WITH REQUIREMENTS OF A REGIONAL NATURE SUCH AS REGIONAL PLANNING, CIVIL DEFENCE CO-ORDINATION, REGIONAL RESERVES AND PRESERVATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND URBAN DRAINAGE, WATER SUPPLY AND TRANSPORT WHERE APPLICABLE.  (b) RECOMMEND TO PARLIAMENT THAT THE LOCAL BILLS COMMITTEE IN THE FIRST MAJOR PARLIAMENTARY RECESS CARRY OUT A FULL INVESTIGATION OF THE PROGRESS MADE IN ADJUSTING THE STRUCTURE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT TO MEET THE NEEDS OF THE FUTURE. AND.  (c) FURTHER DEVELOP THE CO-ORDINATION OF GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND PROPOSALS AFFECTING LOCAL GOVERNMENT WITH A VIEW TO THE EVENTUAL ESTABLISHMENT OF A DEPARTMENT OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT.  DETAILS.  6. The Local Government Commission Act passed by National in 1967 provides a good basis for forward thinking and planning in Local Government organisation with the object of greater overall efficiency. The Local Government Commission established under that Act is making good progress with area schemes which will set the pattern for the demanding needs of Local Government. The Commission in its initial area schemes has tackled the most difficult areas and speedier progress can be expected in the future.  7. The National Government will continue the following other aspects of its administration relating to local authorities.  (a) It will carry out a full investigation of' the financing of local government. At the same time it will continue to review rating and valuation methods to ensure that the liability for rates is distributed as equitably as possible.  (b) In furtherance of its policy of easing the burden of rates where these fall excessively or inequitably in particular areas or income groups, the National Government will continue the kind of relief measures which have been characteristic of its administration in this field. Among such measures have been.  (i ) The removal of the upper limit of $100,000 on subsidies payable to municipalities and counties on water supply and sewerage schemes, thereby increasing Government assistance to ratepayers under this scheme alone by almost $6 million a year to about $8.8 million annually.  (ii) Granting to local authorities power to levy a tax on petrol and diesel fuel, thus making available to local government from all sections of the community $16 million currently, estimated to rise to $20 million by 1975 an $25.5 million by 1980. Plus a remission from September 1972 of Heavy Traffic fees for commuting vehicles, amounting to $500,000 a year.  (iii) Payments now approaching $7 million a year, to local authorities in lieu of rates on Government -owned-houses, state rental houses, Government trading departments and other properties. Government financial assistance to local authorities has more than quadrupled since 1960.  (iv ) Provisions to enable postponement of rates on residential properties in industrial or commercial areas, and in other places, to help elderly and many other ratepayers who desire to continue living in their own homes when rating values have greatly increased.  (v) provision of supplementary assistance to ease the burden of rates in needy cases.  (vi) provision for postponement of rates on farm land in counties with potential for urban development.  (vii) provision for overhaul of rating exemptions.  (viii) institution of a system of special rateable values providing for rating on existing use of properties. And.  (ix) establishment of an Urban Passenger Transport Council with funds to assist local passenger services thereby easing the cost on ratepayers and commuters.  (c) Completion of the major revision of legislation governing territorial local authorities to enable the introduction of a consolidated Local Government Bill.  (d) Constant review of all other local government legislation in the light of changing circumstances and demands.  8. The National Government recognises that local government cannot fulfil its proper role unless it attracts the interest of the electorate. To this end we will take further steps to encourage greater public participation in local elections, including the institution of a wider basis for postal voting. Use of postal voting by both counties and municipalities has resulted in substantially increased elector participation - over 80% participation being quite common, with over 90% in a few cases. Voting spread over a number of days will also be encouraged where this method is appropriate to local circumstances.  9. The National Government will introduce in 1973 legislation to provide for the extension of the Ombudsman's jurisdiction to the actions recommendations and decisions of local authority officers.  CIVIL DEFENCE. BASIC POLICY.  1. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT IS DETERMINED THAT ALL REASONABLE PRECAUTIONS SHOULD BE TAKEN TO DEAL WITH A NATIONAL, REGIONAL OR LOCAL CIVIL DEFENCE EMERGENCY ANYWHERE IN NEW ZEALAND THROUGH AN EFFICIENTLY ORGANISED AND VOLUNTEER-SUPPORTED CIVIL DEFENCE SYSTEM.  2. TO PROVIDE THE BASIS FOR A COMPREHENSIVE ORGANISATION USING NATIONAL, REGIONAL AND LOCAL RESOURCES, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT PASSED THE CIVIL DEFENCE ACT IN 1962 AND HAS AMENDED IT FROM TIME TO TIME IN THE LIGHT OF EXPERIENCE. A COMPREHENSIVE SET OF PLANS FOR USING GOVERNMENT RESOURCES TO ASSIST LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN ANY EMERGENCY HAS BEEN PREPARED AND WE WILL CONTINUE TO ASSIST LOCAL AUTHORITIES TO BUILD AN EFFECTIVE CIVIL DEFENCE ORGANISATION THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY.  DETAILS.  Within the above policy, the National Government will continue the following features of its administration.  (a) The Ministry of Civil Defence with small national and regional headquarters staffs will undertake its day to day functions but plans for augmenting the staff of each head-quarters to perform the wider operational requirements in emergency situations will be regularly reviewed.  (b) Employment of a national Director and in each of the 3 Civil Defence regions, a Regional Commissioner, Assistant Regional Commissioner and a training officer.  (c) Education in civil defence organisation and methods, including attendance at Government expense of 24 local authority officers each year at the Australian Civil Defence School, regional and local short training courses, realistic exercises and the issue of training manuals.  (d) A Government subsidy to local authorities as an incentive to improve their civil defence communications to assist with first-aid, rescue, casualty, welfare and other training. To erect Headquarters buildings and to employ paid civil defence officers.  (e) Publicity campaigns at a national level over radio, T.V. and in newspapers to stress the need for public awareness of and participation in civil defence. A training and educational film on the aims and organisation of civil defence in New Zealand is being prepared.  (f) A detailed plan to provide help to local authorities for the reconstruction and rehabilitation of any devastated area after an immediate state of civil defence emergency has been lifted.