Social Credit presents an adequate and realistic platform which will build a freer and more prosperous nation and assure economic security to all.  UNITY AND NATIONAL PURPOSE  To develop in Canada a sense of national harmony and of common understanding, Social Credit will:  1) Give. the Canadian people full sove;eignty over their constitution.  2) Establish better cooperation between the two cultures which are the basis of Confederation in the federal government and establish a special commission on bilingualism and bi-culturalism.  3 ) At all times respect the constitutional rights of the provinces and assure them of the revenues necessary to carry out the responsibilities which flow from those rights.  4) Adopt a distinctive national flag and national anthem.  5) Give recognition to all employees of the federal government and crown corporations who are competent in our two official languages and additional languages of value in their employment.  PRIVATE ENTERPRISE  To encourage private enterprise and to combat monopolies Social Credit will:  1) Create for all classes of society and industry an economic climate which will encourage enterprise and initiative, and preserve the liberties and responsibilities of the individual.  2) Fight all forms of monopoly which work against the public interest.  3) Maintain the impartial enforcement of law and respect human dignity, by guaranteeing for all men, (regardless of race, creed, colour, social position or political allegiance) absolute equality under the law.  INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS  So that Canada may become a leader among the democratic nations and so that the conduct and example of our country will make a real contribution to peace in the world, Social Credit will  1)  Work as a world force for peace and democracy.  2) Make more positive Canada's role in Western hemisphere affairs by joining the O.A.S.  3) Undertake an intensive programme of aid to under-industrialized nations to effectively combat communism.  PARLIAMENTARY AND GOVERNMENT REFORM  To assure proper and efficient functioning of an alert and realistic government, Social Credit will:  1 ) Set up a ministry of Federal Provincial Affairs which will deal with all the problems between the two levels of governments concerning their respective rights.  2) Extend the right to vote to all citizens 18 years of age and over.  3 ) Modernize parliamentary procedures for greater efficiency.  4) Undertake reform of the Senate by setting a time limit on the tenure of an appointment, and nominate Senators one half by the federal government and one half by the provinces.  5) Form a body independent of politics to recommend appointments to federal judgeships so that patronage will be eliminated.  Establish new standards of honesty, efficiency and morality in government.  FINANCIAL POLICY  A Social Credit government will establish a modern and scientific monetary system, without inflation or deflation, and give the Canadian Parliament control of our money supply and credit through the Bank of Canada.  A Social Credit government will create a municipal development bank to finance the cost of public capital projects such as public works, bridges, government buildings, hospitals, etc. Such a bank would loan money to municipalities, school boards, and provincial governments for non-commercial capital purposes, thus freeing private investment for private enterprise capital needs.  The law governing C.M.H.C. would be amended by Social Credit government to allow C.M.H.C. to accept mortgages in all organized municipalities and towns in Canada.  A Social Credit government would institute an Import-Export Bank to facilitate the handling of foreign exchange and to enable us to accept the currency of other nations in payment for our goods and services and keeping the balance of payments in good order in our trade with other countries.  ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT  To assure the economic climate essential for the growth of agriculture and industry and development of our resources, Social Credit will:  1) Institute a two price parity system for agriculture and primary industry so as to compete in foreign markets.  2) Formulate agricultural policy so as to encourage and save the family farm and provide a reasonable income.  3) Find new markets at home and abroad and by agreement, establish freer trade with the USA, the Commonwealth, Latin America and other friendly nations.  4) Encourage coordination of efforts between management and labour by expansion of the National Productivity Council so as to guarantee the best possible utilization of the entire economic potential of Canada.  5) Provide expanded long term credit to farmers.  6) Cooperate with the Provinces to establish a comprehensive system of crop insurance.  FISCAL POLICY  To put an end to the crushing burden of debt and taxes, Social Credit will:  1) Adopt a system of "Pay-as-you-go" for government projects, thus putting a brake to the ruinous financial deficit policies which Canada has followed for so long.  2) Reduce taxes to help individuals as well as industry. Social Credit would put into effect the following tax changes:  a) Gradually reduce corporation taxes, with emphasis on those which are at least 51 % owned and controlled by residents of Canada.  b) Allow fair exemptions and depreciation to encourage Canadian investment in industries and in their development.  c) Allow depreciation on private homes to be deducted from income tax.  d) Allow income tax deductions on workmen's tools used in earning a living.  e) Raise the base for income tax exemptions.  f) Give additional tax concessions to those corporations which have established profit sharing plans for their employees according to an agreed formula.  SOCIAL WELFARE  To assure every Canadian a minimum standard of living and permit him to participate in the economic expansion of Canada, Social Credit will: 1) Set minimum basic income and health care standards for the aged, and all in need, so that they may be assured of an acceptable standard of living.  2) Extend student allowances to the mothers of all students over 16 years of age so that they may continue bona fide studies if they so desire until the age of 20 years.  3) Adjust family allowances and old age pensions according to the cost of living.  LABOUR MANAGEMENT RELATIONS  a  Social Credit realizes that the object of all production is to satisfy human needs.  Social Credit recognizes that the continuing collaboration of management and labour will assure efficient production.  The right of collective association is a natural right and must be recognized by clear and precise legislation.  Social Credit recognizes the need for a written labour code prepared by a committee formed by representatives of Government, management and labour.  NATIONAL DEFENCE  The Social Credit Party firmly believes that offensive nuclear weapons have no place in Canada's military programme. As individuals, we are morally opposed to all devices of mass destruction. We must intensify our efforts towards multilateral nuclear disarmament.  The defence of Canada must be maintained. In light of changing military techniques and strategy, Canada's defence policy must be removed once and for all from partisan politics. Social Credit pledges that upon election, it will immediately appoint a non-partisan Parliamentary Defence Committee to recommend defence policies in light of secret security information, military requirements and international developments.  Social Credit believes that Canada's armed forces must be equipped with highly mobile and effectively co-ordinated conventional defence equipment. The efficient surveillance of her skies and adjacent waters must be maintained.  Social Credit will develop Canada's role in the world towards greater mutual understanding and assistance. In the war against want, Canada must be concerned for the rights and the desperate needs of the less privileged people in the world. Our friends expect and should have our moral and material support. Canada can and must lead in the peaceful development of our world for the benefit of all freedom loving people. This involves responsible co-operation with our neighbours and friends and includes joining the O.A.S. in our own hemisphere.  FARM POLICY  The greatest need today is for a concerted effort by the federal government to expand our trade with those countries that will buy Canadian wheat on a long term and regular basis. The Social Credit Party is convinced that we can achieve this if we would accept expansion of imports from those countries, offer credit loans and accept currencies other than dollars in payment.  Another great problem facing Canadian farmers is the need for long term credit to be made available to them. The federal government has exclusive authority over the regulation of credit and currency in Canada, and, therefore, it is their responsibility to make provision for this long term credit. We believe the Farm Credit Corporation and other agencies for granting credit to farmers should be adjusted so that thousands of farmers who are unable to make use of these facilities at the present time, could make use of these services.  It is also the responsibility of the federal government to recognize that almost every other country in the world does subsidize food production. If we are to compete in international trade with these subsidized farming programmes, we must at least remove many of the barriers that prohibit us from trading with countries who would otherwise buy our surplus food.  History has proven and the Social Credit Party recognizes that the whole economy of Canada will be strong and healthy only if the agriculture sector is strong and healthy. INTRODUCTION  The New Democratic Party believes that the destiny of Canada must be shed by its people.  The development o anada s vast resources, and the way in which the benefits should be shared, are matters which Canadians must decide through their own democratically-elected Parliament and legislatures. Canadians will not tolerate control by faceless corporations as a substitute for democracy.  New Democrats want to hand on to the children of Canada a new society, where excessive privilege and wealth for the few will be replaced by equal opportunities for the many. A new society in a new world.  They want to create a society where the technological revolution-computers and automation -will be used to create an exciting environment in which greater knowledge and human fulfillment will enrich the quality of life for all.  They want to create a society where the individual will not be dominated by any organization, public or private, and where the dead weight of one bureaucracy will not be substituted for another.  To make such fundamental changes in society is an exciting project. Ordinary and extraordinary Canadians can join in the task of demonstrating the belief of the New Democratic Party that it is people who count.  I ESTABLISHING THE NEw TERMS OF CONFEDERATION  The most urgent task facing Canadians is to come to terms with the new conditions for our survival as one country. Canada was created and will be strengthened by a voluntary and renewing act of will on the part of both our founding races and of all who have shared with them in building this country.  The pace of change has made Confederation out of date in many important respects. Ending our present crisis means finding the new terms by which Canada can continue.  We must create our own constitution, embodying guarantees for the civil rights of all Canadians and the assurance that no one will suffer because he speaks just one of our two major languages.  We must ensure that French-speaking communities outside Quebec can claim the same language rights as the English-speaking minority in Quebec have enjoyed for over a century.  Confederation involves more than language and culture. It is a federal system, struggling to meet enormously expanded government responsibilities with financial resources allocated for the needs of a different age. The crisis of Confederation flows from the many solitudes-cultural, regional, social and economic-that are Canada.  Canadian federalism needs a central government able to give overall direction to our economy and to overcome regional disparities of wealth. Equally, our federal system demands that provinces (and municipalities) have the funds to meet their particular responsibilities. The costs of almost every new expansion of services, from super-highways to medicare, has fallen, in the first instance, on provincial governments.  A new basis for modern federalism means:  We must replace secret, hurried premiers' conferences with permanent machinery for consultation and co-operation, including a Federal-Provincial Planning and Development Council to make sure that the economic and social plans of our levels of government dovetail.  We must find new arrangements for making needed finances available to the provinces and promoting joint agreements to provide funds for broad objectives such as low-income housing, urban transportation or the fight against pollution of our air and water.  Our federal system must also have the flexibility to recognize the particular position accorded to Quebec since 1867 as the centre of the Frenchspeaking community in Canada. She must have the right and the funds to fulfill government responsibilities which affect the community-such s social security, education, town planning and community development.  By accepting this particular situation, Canadians elsewhere can seek federal action in these fields without creating misunderstanding, frustration and intolerable strains to our Confederation.  II A NEW INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY  Canadians are face to face with decisions which will determine our economic future.  We have gained our present prosperity largely by becoming an industrialized state. The condition for keeping our prosperity is accelerated economic growth and the rapid modernization and development of our industrial structure.  Canadians realize increasingly that these vital  goals cannot be achieved without effective economic planning, without vas ~y~ ex an e s en-t b'  and ec~itio"T~ resources and-wl- Hotli ut t t e powr to mad. ce Icey economic decisions for ourselves.  Economic Independence for Canada  New Democrats have become convinced that recovering economic independence is a crucial step in Securing our future prosperity. This is not a matter nationalism nor does it hinge merely on the foreign or domestic ownership of our industry and commerce. It does mean that Canadians must be free to plan and create the kind of economy that is suited to our needs.  A New Democratic government will seek economic independence for Canada by:  Increasing the democratic control of our economic activity by increased, government participation in appropriate phases o€ our industrial and commercial-life and by replacing the Economic Council by' a properly designed economic and social planning organization, involving federal and provincial governments.  Establishing a Canadian Capital, Resources Fund- (CCRF) controlled by the government, mobilizing Canadian capital for development and research and keeping Canadian savings at home. In addition to providing a logical place for the investments of corporations and insurance companies, the Fund would attract some of the savings now going to private pension plans, by selling group and individual annuities.  The capital resources of the Fund would be used for investments necessary to the overall development of our economy.  Part of the Fund would be used in universities and corporations and in financing and developing those innovations which will allow our industry to specialize and compete in world markets.  Science and Technology  Further advances in the Canadian economy and in the quality of life of our people depend on the progress of science and technology. Yet, partly as a consequence of our branch-plant economy and partly because of the indifference of our own Canadian government and industry, our investment in research and development has been proportionately smaller than that of any other advanced industrial state.  In addition to providing high quality scientific education, we must provide centres where graduates can use their knowledge and training and which can be the focal points of new sciencebased industries which must become the basis of our industrial growth.  An NDP government will establish a Department of Science and Technology with the task of:  to ing atific-technological research centres in co-operation with universities and industry to stimulate developments in fields of social concern or economic importance.  Creating a Canadian Research and Development Corporation to invest in, or develop, promising new inventions and industrial processes. In some cases, new crown corporations will be founded to use the new techniques or to produce and market new products, on the model of Atomic Energy of Canada Limited.  Keeping in touch with research and development in Canada, determining national scientific priorities and encouraging and co-ordinating theoretical and applied research in our universities and research organizations.  Pollution and Conservation  A problem of increasing concern to Canadians and of vital importance to future generations is the frightening rate at which our air, water and soil have become polluted. Almost too late, we have realized the extent of the danger to our resources.  Pollution and the conservation of our resources are problems which concern all levels of Canadian government. A federal New Democratic government will:  Work with the provinces to establish pollution  standards and controls. giving urgent priority to existing areas of se ous industrial pollution.  Make research into pollution and its consequences a high priority in its expanded scientific research program.  Undertake a complete inventory of our water resources and make plans for future diversions to supply areas of water deficiency within Canada.  Refrain from any policy of water export until Canada's own long-term needs and resources have been balanced.  III PROVIDING SERVICES FOR A MODERN COMMUNITY  In a complex industrial society, people must turn to government to provide them with a broad range of community services and to guarantee that the necessities of life like food and shelter will be available at prices we can afford.  Entangled in their conservatism, Canadian governments have been slow to assume these responsibilities and faltering in carrying them out. A New Democratic government will take office with a long agenda of community needs to fulfill.  In Canada's federal system, most of the services which affect the quality of our daily lives are the direct responsibility of provincial governments.  There are, however, many fields in which the central government must give leadership. It is an obligation which arises from its duty to provide all Canadians with a fair share of opportunity and social justice wherever they may live in our country.  One of the first jobs of an NDP government in Ottawa will be to tackle Canada's housing crisis. When a quarter of our people live in sub-standard housing and when young families cannot find a decent place to live, it is a national disgrace that housing construction should actually have slowed down.  For twenty years, the shelter needs of low-income families and the aged have been almost totally neglected by all levels of government, while the only serious federal housing program was largely devoted to serving the needs of those with upper and middle-level incomes.  To New Democrats, housing is a basic social service, not a matter to be left to the vagaries of the market. Its financing is an urgent priority, not an easy source of revenue or a fiscal tap to be turned off and on at government's whim.  An NDP government will create a federal Department of Housing and Urban Development. Working closely with the provinces, it would:  Provide generous financial assistance to meet the housing crisis-100% of the cost of land assembly and servicing, 100% of the cost of public housing and 75% of the cost of rent subsidies.  Bring down the cost of mortgage money by setting a subsidized ceiling for co-operative housing, homes for low-income families and for the rehabilitation of present housing.  Support the principle of integrated community development so that transportation, schools, recreation and shopping facilities are developed together with new and renewed housing.  Encourage the development of New Towns in areas of urban congestion.  A Program For Consumers  Canadians expect their government to protect them in their role as consumers, having learned from experience that the market does not automatically serve their needs and wants. Extravagant advertising, promotional and packaging expenditures add to living costs without creating product improvement or consumer enlightenment.  New Democrats will establish a government department exclusively concerned with working for the consumer. It will:  Test consumer products and publicize the results.  Enforce honest labeling and packaging regulations.  Create a Prices Review Board to investigate unjustified price increases and publicize its findings.  Consumers have already banded together to help themselves in organizations such as Cooperatives, Credit Unions and Caisses Populaires. A New Democratic government would help these movements by allowing incorporation of federal cooperatives and of a Central Credit Society with access to the Bank of Canada.  The Parliamentary Committee on Consumer Credit showed the need for low-cost credit for low-income families. In addition to meeting that need, an NDP government will:  Require full disclosure of the cost of credit.  Enforce reasonable interest ceilings on consumer loans.  Protect consumers from unethical and unconscionable sales practices.  There is a special need to protect the public in the field of drugs. An NDP government will license drug manufacturers, and, if necessary, produce drugs under public auspices. It would encourage the sale of drugs under their generic names and provide more means to test drugs before they reach the market.  The Work Force  Working Canadians today are, on the average, younger, better educated and more highly skilled than ever in our history. They are demanding a new place in society, not merely with security and a fair share of the wealth they have created, but also with the right to negotiate concerning the decisions which affect their lives.  Trade unions have played an important role in working towards economic and social equity but their activities are increasingly being brought within the orbit of the law. Progress of labour-management relations during the last half century gave promise of greater harmony in the world of work.  Instead, Canadian labour relations have returned to a past age, with compulsory arbitration, the abuse of the injunction process and the jailing of trade unionists. Fundamental civil rights have been set aside.  A New Democratic government will introduce a new era in labour-management relations, with legislation to:  Develop new safeguards for the right of employees to organize and bargain collectively, extending these rights to groups now legally excluded from them. Ex parte injunctions have no place in industrial relations: they must be ended.  Establish that technological changes and dislocations during the life of a collective agreement would, as the Freedman Report urged, be as open to the full processes of bargaining as the original contract.  Improve the machinery for settling disputes and encourage more voluntary procedures between employers and unions.  A New Democratic government will take definite steps to protect workers from the adverse effects of technological change, through implementation of the Freedman Report recommendations and other measures. Full-scale planning of our manpower needs and resources, plus expanded placement, training and relocation facilities and much more generous scales of allowance are needed if we are to achieve full employment and economic growth.  Sharing Affluence  There are still many whom our society has failed to serve. Hundreds of thousands of Canadians suffer the effects of unemployment or underemployment. Millions of Canadians are ill-housed or pay too much for their shelter. The needs of working women (particularly working mothers) are still largely ignored.  To New Democrats, correcting these failures is one of the highest priorities facing Canadians. The huge resources of Canada make it possible for us to eliminate poverty and to provide the range of community services which are necessities in a complex, urbanized society.  Social Priorities  One of the priorities in the face of poverty is the provision of an income `floor' below which no Canadian should be allowed to fall. A New Democratic government will ensure a Guaranteed Annual Income (GAI) for every Canadian. This income, when combined with a broad program of social services, would be set sufficiently high to ensure a standard of living compatible with health and self-respect.  The guaranteed income would not replace other existing social insurance schemes but New Democrats believe that it would provide the only way of ending poverty and of wiping out assistance programs based on needs or means tests. The level of guaranteed income would be subject to regular review, not only to preserve its purchasing power but to keep it in line with improvements in our standard of living.  In addition to the guaranteed annual income, a New Democratic government is committed to:  Medicare-fully comprehensive health care including dentists, drugs and appliances, supplemented by a program of cash sickness benefits to maintain the income of wage and salary earners and the self-employed.  Immediate reduction of the age of entitlement for the old age pension to 65 and an increase of the benefit to $125 a month without a means or income test, with future benefits tied to the cost of living.  Canada's Native Peoples  After more than a century, Canadians are coming to understand their responsibility for the position of the Indian and Eskimo. It is a history of paternalism, exploitation and cruel indifference.  Canada's native people must have the right to make their own decisions. They must have the dominant role in controlling the economic development of their communities and they must have the resources to make it a success.  Education  Education in Canada is a provincial responsibility; but there are areas where a strong federal initiative is possible which, always respecting the particular position of Quebec, may be welcomed by the provinces. Many provinces will need federal assistance to achieve the NDP goal of free higher education for all who can qualify academically. or it.  Broadcasting  A New Democratic government is committed to increasing the financial support of the CBC to make it less dependent on commercial advertising, to make possible long-range development planning and to expand encouragement and development of Canadian talent. The encouragement to Canadian cultural self-expression and the development of a Canadian identity provided by our centennial year, must be sustained as a responsibility of all levels of government in Canada.  Women and the Family  Our society has been conservative and unimaginative in adjusting to the modern position of Canadian women. Whether they are working in their homes or in the economy, women are suffering from needless and unfair disadvantages.  It will be the business of a New Democratic government to remove them.  Whether they work inside or outside the home, mothers need the assistance of child care centres. They also need special back-to-work training and vocational guidance when their children have grown up, if they wish to enter or re-enter the labour market.  Mothers who are making a fulltime job of caring for their children deserve credit through the taxation system as a partial offset for the salaries they are foregoing.  Women in employment have a right to equal pay with men doing equal work-and equal opportunities for promotion.  IV AGRICULTURE  In few areas of the Canadian economy has the technological revolution been moving faster than in agriculture. Yet farmers have not profited from increased productivity. Their share of the food consumer's dollar fell from 56c in 1949 to 41c fifteen years later.  People  We must assure adequate incomes to people who work the land. The establishment of guaranteed prices for specific products will ensure adequate returns to our farm families.  To administer such a pricing system, federal marketing machinery must be established. Provincial or regional producer-controlled marketing boards must be keyed to this system in order to market agricultural products anywhere in Canada or in the available export markets.  Income assistance should include programs of aid to the farm family to increase productivity, as well as retaining programs for those wishing to leave farming to seek other vocations. The transition of those who choose to leave their farms must be assisted by meting transportation and retraining costs and by providing living allowances during the period of readjustment.  Further, general productivity and incomes will be increased by encouraging individual units to form groups which could benefit jointly from cooperative management of machinery, land and capital programs.  Export  Canada should be prepared to sell agricultural products to any country and must make long-term credits available for this purpose, where necessary. Well-financed research and support programs must ensure that these products maintain their comparative advantage on world markets, while bringing adequate returns to the producers.  Land Resources  Land resources must be used carefully and conserved against future needs. Hence, new land areas should only be opened up as the need for more production becomes evident.  Where possible, the use of productive soil by industry and urban development near large centres of population should be avoided. Tax policies must encourage the use of such land for farming and discourage speculation for real estate purposes.  Fiscal policy should encourage the establishment of viable farm units and discourage corporate and hobby farming. Emphasis will be placed on family or co-operatively owned farm units, with special consideration to young farmers seeking to establish themselves.  V AN INDEPENDENT AND POSITIVE ROLE IN THE WORLD  New Democrats believe that Canada is ready to play an independent and positive role in the world. On a planet threatened by nuclear destruction and already afflicted by widespread starvation, Canadians are involved in humanity's peril.  Speaking and acting for ourselves is not abandonment of traditional friends and allies. Canadians are becoming aware that we can serve our common cause better by speaking out than by standing silent while folly and wickedness are committed in our name.  Canada has an enormous stake in helping to build a world community responsive to the rule of law. To back that stake, we need a new set of priorities and a new style in the conduct of our international affairs.  We have no alternative to the United Nations.  We must back it in every possible way, by channeling our external aid through its agencies, by providing it with the services of our armed forces and by assuming a greater share of its financial burden.  In spite of disappointments, we must support the U.N. peacekeeping role while insisting in future that social and economic changes must be promoted in concert with any police duty.  The time is overdue to dismantle the series of military alliances which were our foreign policy twenty years ago. In the mortal struggle for peace, we must:  Work for a world disarmament treaty and oppose use or testing of nuclear weapons.  Seek to replace NATO and the Warsaw Pact by a European security system, with Great Power guarantees, until such time as a strengthened United Nations can provide security.  Withdraw from our obsolete NORAD agreement while co-operating in the detection of any invasion of North American sir space.  In a world of nuclear weapons, no conflict can be tolerated and no threat to peace ignored. For its own sake and the world's, Canada must use all the influence it possesses to end wars before they begin. That is why Canada, in spite of rebuffs, must work to return China to the world community through diplomatic recognition and through support of her membership in the United Nations.  The war in Vietnam must be stopped. It is a threat of fearful dimension to world peace. It has also become a war of limitless and pointless barbarity. Canada must use every influence at her command, public and private, to end the conflict. When fighting has stopped, Canada must help to rebuild both parts of this tortured land.  In Vietnam and elsewhere, the real enemy of world peace is not conspiracy but human misery. This is the enemy which Canadian resources must fight. New Democrats believe that Canada, to play its part in this crucial struggle, should be spending at least 2% of its national wealth production each year in external aid. Canada's food contribution to a hungry world must be generous.  VI TAXATION  The report of the Carter Royal Commission on Taxation is a stinging indictment of half a century of Liberal and Conservative tax policy. It concludes that the present Canadian tax system is not fair, is not based on ability to pay, bears too heavily on the low and middle income groups and has restricted our economic growth.  In proposing reform, the Commission accepted that taxation must be used to redistribute income, that it must bear fairly on all families and individuals and that, in consequence, the progressive personal income tax, imposed on a broad base and including capital gains as a form of income, was the most just form of taxation.  It is no wonder that New Democrats have welcomed the Carter report and its main recommendations. They are an endorsement of positions which the New Democratic Party has sustained for many years. In particular, we welcome proposals which will make our tax system more fair, which will encourage economic growth and Canadian ownership and which will end unjustified tax concessions to mining, oil and gas companies and to banks, insurance and mortgage companies.  A New Democratic government can be relied upon to begin work immediately to put into effect the principles and major recommendations of the Carter Commission.  A NEw KIND OF GOVERNMENT  What kind of government do Canadians want? New Democrats think that they want a government which is as confident about Canada as they are-and just as determined that long-standing national problems are going to be solved.  They want a government ready to serve the needs of a modern industrial economy, with policies to cope with our housing crisis, the rising cost of living and the unfairness of our taxation system.  They are looking for a government that knows its own mind, with a little flair and a lot of determination to get things done. Canadians are ready to back that kind of government in renewing Confederation, regaining control of our own economy and giving Canada her own positive voice in the world.  That's why Canadians are looking to New Democrats to establish the first truly progressive government in our history. We don't make light of the problems and we don't promise never to make mistakes. But we do challenge Canadians to join in building a society as free and generous as the land in which we live. A UNITED CANADA  National unity is the concern of all Canadians.  Your Liberal Party has clearly stated its basic goals--equal treatment and equal rights for all Canadians. They must apply to any Canadian who feels alienated from the main flow of community life. The goal of this Government is to forge one strong Canadian community and to make the Federal Government a major focal point of Canadian life.  Strong forces are straining against the present division of powers between federal and provincial governments. We have made it clear that strict boundaries of federal power must be recognized.  These are:  Our ability to manage the economic affairs of Canada.  The indivisibility of our international presence and the necessity for Canada to speak with one voice in international affairs.  Our ability to act in the national interest on matters that affect all Canadians, while respecting the rights of the provinces.  To safeguard those powers, your Government will:  Proceed without delay to a full revision of the Constitution and will clarify those areas where jurisdiction is uncertain. But the new Liberal Government will continue to insist on retaining in federal authority all the powers necessary to ensure a prosperous economy, equality of opportunity for all Canadians, and the integrity and unity of Canada in all its aspects.  Increase provincial participation in federal institutions and activities of interest and concern to the provinces. We favour a review of our Constitution to develop a new federalism in which all provinces will be entitled to play their fullest role in the federal system. Excessive decentralization of powers in favour of the provinces would serve only to divide the country into separate, competitive governments and states. Excessive centralization of powers would destroy those regional and provincial differences which are a basic element in Canada's character. Our goal is a balanced federalism in which all sections of the country participate fully. The Senate and the Supreme Court of Canada are two particular institutions which should become more effective instruments of federalism by reflecting the diversity of Canada.  Ensure that provincial governments participate in external activities of concern and interest to them. But we will also uphold the fundamental principle of the indivisibility of our foreign policy and will ensure that Canada speaks abroad with one voice. The government has already published two White Papers putting forward several constructive proposals for the consideration of the Federal-Provincial Conference on the Constitution.  THE NATIONAL CAPITAL  Your Government will seek an early agreement with Quebec and Ontario, and the support of the other provinces, to establish a tripartite planning and development agency for the Capital region of Canada. The objective is to encourage in all Canadians a feeling of pride and participation in, and attachment to, their National Capital.  BILINGUALISM  Your Government has clearly stated its commitment to extending equal language rights throughout Canada. The Constitutional Conference was an important step toward that goal, but the work must continue. This Government is committed to implement the recommendations of the first volume of the report of the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism.  In particular, your new Liberal Government will:  Introduce an Official Language Bill in the next session of Parliament. This bill will declare that French and English are the official languages of Canada for all federal purposes, and specifically for the Parliament of Canada, for courts and tribunals within federal jurisdiction and for every department and agency of Government.  The bill will also:  Require that all Acts of Parliament and all decrees, orders and regulations be issued in both official languages and that both versions will have equal authority for purposes of interpretation.  Provide for the creation of bilingual districts where either English or French may be used as official languages in all dealings with the Federal Government. Discussions will be held without delay with all provinces with a view to establishing similar districts for provincial purposes.  Require all Federal courts and tribunals to conduct their proceedings in a way that will ensure that no person is placed at a disadvantage through inability to speak or understand one or the other of the two official languages.  Provide for the appointment of a Commissioner of Official Languages who will have wide powers of inquiry in order to ensure that the rights conferred by the Act are being observed.  Your Government has already taken important steps to encourage the development of bilingualism in the public service of Canada. This programme will be continued and expanded.  We will also press forward with discussions with the provinces on other measures to implement the B & B Report and consult on amendments to the Constitution to guarantee language rights.  REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND ELIMINATION OF DISPARITIES  A major objective of the new Liberal Government will be to reduce regional disparities throughout the country and improve the standard of living and income in the less developed areas, particularly the Maritimes and Eastern Quebec. All Canadians have the right to be part of the mainstream of life in Canada and your Government will make a maximum effort to overcome the problems of regional disparity.  To achieve this objective, your Government ,will:  Consolidate in a single Department of Regional Development a number of regional development programmes such as those now being carried out in the Atlantic provinces and elsewhere by a variety of agencies. The intention of the government is to bring together and strengthen these programmes to ensure accelerated economic growth of the regions concerned and much more effective use of resources. This consolidation should also lead to substantial savings in administrative costs and reduction or elimination of activities now carried on in other departments.  A single minister will be responsible for these development programmes not only in the Atlantic provinces but in all regions of Canada. Included will be the FRED programme, the ARDA programme, the ADA programme, the Atlantic Development Board and the Cape Breton Development Corporation.  Encourage greater involvement by the regions and bring about some decentralization of Federal Government services to the areas where their effort is committed. This will ensure a greater level of service to the Canadian people, create a maximum awareness of local needs and conditions by Federal administrators and ensure closer relations between federal, provincial and municipal governments.  COMMUNICATIONS  The key to unity is communication, and modern technology offers new, effective ways of bringing people closer together.  To achieve that, your Government will:  Establish a communications satellite system to be administered by a public-private corporation.  Extend television and radio services to remote areas and the Northern Territories and ensure that the country is served in the two official languages.  Introduce immediately at the next session of the new Parliament legislation on educational broad assessment of today's potential for Canada. They must be concentrated in those areas where we can be most effective.  CANADA'S NATIONAL INTERESTS  The primary purpose of our foreign policy must be to ensure the political survival and independence of Canada. As such, it should reinforce national unity.  Our foreign policy must take full account of our geographical position, of our dependence for material welfare on foreign trade and economic relations, of our particular resources and advantages and of our membership in the Commonwealth.  It must be such as to maintain mutual confidence and respect in our relations with the United States.  It should recognize that Canada is a Pacific as well as an Atlantic country, with a part to play in the Americas.  Joint security arrangements, whether in NATO, NORAD or the UN remain necessary as long as world peace remains insecure.  Our desire for world peace and progress demands strong support for the United Nations and its agencies.  Our desire for a just world society requires us not only to place high priority on external aid but to support financial, economic and trade policies designed to promote an expanding world economy.  As a free and democratic country Canada must contribute to the defence and expansion of human rights and freedom throughout the world.  In the development of foreign policy, your new Liberal Government will:  Proceed without delay to consult with provincial governments to establish procedures consistent with the continued existence of Canada as a single, united country speaking abroad with one voice, yet taking account of the legitimate aspirations and needs of the provinces.  Take greater advantage of the many opportunities inherent in the bilingual character of Canada to further develop external, political, economic and cultural relations abroad. Parallel to continuing close ties with the Commonwealth, it will strive to develop closer relationships with the countries of the Francophonie.  Examine closely, in consultation with our allies, Canada's military role in NATO and determine whether our present military commitment is still appropriate to the present situation in Europe. An important consideration in our review will be the need for Canada to shift the emphasis from its military to its political, economic, technological and cultural relations with the countries of Europe with which we have historic links.  Proceed to a thorough review of Canada's role in the North American Air Defence arrangements with the United States in the light of the technological advances of modern weaponry. Recently renewed for a period of 5 years, the NORAD agreement does not commit Canada to a specific contribution. This may be reviewed from time to time.  Review our contribution to peace-keeping operations. Your new Liberal Government will review our contribution to ascertain whether Canada could play a more useful role in preventing conflicts, as distinct from peace-keeping and review the ground rules for our participation in such international operations.  Increase substantially Canada's foreign aid programme to a volume equal to I % of our national income by the early 1970s. However, aid alone is not likely to reduce the disparities existing between rich and poor countries. Therefore, your new Liberal Government will take the initiative to secure better international financial arrangements and trade opportunities for the developing countries, including commodity agreements. It will improve arrangements to encourage Canadians to place their energies and expertise at the service of developing countries and provide incentives to Canadian business and industry to participate in development and aid projects.  Have as its aim the recognition of the People's Republic of China as soon as possible and the participation of that Government in the United Nations, taking account of the fact that a separate government is in existence on Taiwan. We will seek to increase trade and economic relations with the Peking Government.  In addition, your new Liberal Government will immediately:  Send a ministerial level special mission to tour Latin America before the end of 1968. This mission will be designed to demonstrate the importance the government attaches to strengthening our bilateral relations with leading Latin American countries.  Open five new missions in French-speaking countries by 1969. A substantially increased share of our aid will be allocated to Francophone countries in order to achieve a better balance between countries in our aid programme. The new Liberal Government will also increase its cultural programmes with Francophone countries as an important investment both in improving bilateral relationships and in contributing to national unity.  Establish a special Task Force to examine  i Canada's relations with the countries of both Western and Eastern Europe. Its purpose will be to review detailed recommendations on ways to strengthen cooperation with European countries from which so many Canadians have originated. It will study the whole range of our economic, political and cultural ties with Europe, together with the presence of Canadian military forces in Europe.  In order to stress the true objectives of Canada's aid programme, re-name the External Aid Office !he Canadian International Development Agency. In addition, your new Liberal Government will consider the creation of an International Development Centre in Canada to study the problems facing the less-developed countries and to ensure that Canadian and other aid movies are put to the most effective use possible.  THE JUST SOCIETY  FOR THE Individual  The primary aim, and the first priority, of the Just Society is to enhance the protection of individual rights and liberties in a society that is becoming increasingly complicated, urbanized, and organized.  To achieve this, your new Liberal Government will:  Incorporate a Charter of Human Rights in our Constitution. A major objective of the Constitutional Conference, the Charter of Human Rights, will give a firm constitutional basis to the protection of basic liberties and rights, including linguistic rights.  Reform the process of justice. Amendments to the Criminal Code will be continued. More judges will be appointed to improve the speed and effectiveness of our courts. Expropriation methods will be revised to ensure fair protection of citizen's rights. Abuses in the bail system will be eliminated by new legislation and close cooperation with the provinces. The laws on juvenile delinquency will be amended, and the entire system of prisons will be revised and made more effective.  FOR BETTER CITIES  Canada is fast becoming a nation of cities, and the quality of life is in large part determined by the quality of our cities. Further improvement in urban life requires active cooperation among federal, provincial, and municipal governments, each sharing the responsibilities and each performing those tasks for which they are best qualified.  To foster this, your new liberal Government will  Establish, in cooperation with provincial governments, a programme of national priorities for our cities and a clearer definition of the role to be performed by each level of government. The federal government has already assigned to one Minister the responsibility for coordinating most federal activities relating to urban affairs. `  Promote the establishment of Urban Research Centres in selected urban universities. We need to know more about our cities and to train more students for careers in urban government, planning, and development.  Establish a Task Force on Urban Issues. It will begin immediately to examine the feasibility of a new cities programme, of financing home ownership, of research designed to develop a technology for mass-produced housing, of encouraging standardized building codes and planning bylaws.  Reallocate priorities to attract more money into housing. The provision of good housing for all Canadians is a major domestic objective. As such, it must receive increased and continuing attention and must not be subject to great fluctuations as a result of changing economic conditions. Your new Liberal Government will seek ways, in cooperation with other levels of government, to curb land speculation and to induce greater activity by private enterprise in the housing field.  Use existing federal lands to help re-shape our cities. Major renewal and development projects in downtown areas can be assisted and initiated through appropriate planning of federal public works and the use of Crown agency property.  Introduce a coordinated programme to advance the techniques of urban mass transport. The federal role can best be played by developing concepts for new urban mass transit systems and the programme will coordinate research, experimental testing and pilot projects.  Implement a programme of major airport expansion. We will also launch a continuing study of airplane effects on mass population centres.  FOR THE CONSUMER  Modern methods of sale are complicated and often confusing. The consumer needs to be safeguarded against unscrupulous business practices and unsafe products. More accurate information is needed about the terms and conditions of sale.  The consumer's interest must be represented by government. The consumer must enjoy the right to be informed and to be heard.  To achieve this, your new Liberal Government will:  Establish a Canadian Consumer's Code. The code under the sponsorship of the new Department of Consumer and Corporate Affairs will ensure accurate labelling and packaging of goods, and control of standards, weights, and measures, hazardous substances and fabrics, misleading advertising and credit practices.  Convene a Federal-Provincial conference on consumer affairs. Much of the constitutional authority over matters affecting the consumer rests with provincial governments. In order to achieve uniform legislation across the country relating to consumer credit, instalment sales, cooling off period, etc., increased coordination should be achieved among provincial governments and the federal authority. Joint studies might be undertaken relating to disclosure requirements for consumer credit.  Co-operate with the provinces to develop a programme for automobile safety. The programme should include: accident research and prevention, application of uniform traffic safety standards and regulations, increased driver training, and the equipping of all autos with safety features recommended by the federal Tragic Safety office in cooperation with the provinces.  Lower drug prices. Your new Liberal Government will reintroduce the bill, at the earliest opportunity, to amend the Patent and Trade Marks Acts, which has the purpose of injecting more competition at the manufacturers' level into the production and distribution of prescription drugs.  FOR THE INDIANS AND ESKIMOS  The Liberal Party is concerned about the Indians and Eskimos. It wants to find some new basis of relationship by which the government shall seek, not only to do more for them, but to support them while they do more for themselves and for Canada. To achieve these objects, your new Liberal Government will:  Consult with individual Indians and Eskimos and those who have come together in voluntary organizations, in order to build a new structure with no preconceived ideas about the future.  Promote full participation of Indians in the determination of their own affairs.  Revise the Indian Act. Revisions will emphasize development of both human and natural resources and enable eventual autonomous band government.  Emphasize the development of valuable Indian land and natural resources.  Reintroduce the Indian Claims Bill, to settle many long-standing claims such as the B.C. Indian land question.  Settle outstanding commitments in Treaties 8 and 11 in the Yukon Territory and the Northwest Territories.  Conclude agreements with the provinces to extend their services to Indians at the same standards enjoyed by all other citizens. Priorities will be given to social services, particularly child care and education. Indians are citizens of the province in which they reside and are entitled to all provincial services.  SOCIAL SERVICES AND WELFARE  We have developed in Canada an extensive and advanced social welfare system. The present Liberal Government has displayed great thrust and initiative in this field. It has, since 1963, introduced five major legislations: The Canada Pension Plan, the Canada Assistance Plan, the Health Resources Fund, the Guaranteed Income Supplement Program and the Medical Care Insurance Program.  Your new Liberal Government intends to continue to improve our social security programmes to make them more effective and to concentrate our resources on the pockets of poverty that remain. To achieve this, your new Liberal Government will:  Press on with the review of all of our social security programmes initiated by the present Liberal Government, with the object of streamlining their administration, eliminating red tape and known abuses and developing a more effective use of funds.  Aim new initiatives at selective forms of assistance, designed to fill in the gaps in our social services and to stimulate self-improvement for the economically deprived.  Ensure a larger participation of voluntary agencies and of the people affected by our programmes in the development of new policies.  FOR BETTER GOVERNMENT  One of our major goals is to encourage people to participate more actively in Government. We will improve the instruments of Government and open it to the full view and involvement of all Canadians.  To achieve this, your new Liberal Government will Revise the rules and structure of Parliament.  The Member of Parliament must be given the opportunity to make more efficient use of his time and to give more effective service to his constituents. We will improve the rules and procedures of debate, the committee system, and the timing of legislation.  Provide more assistance to Members of Parliament. Your elected representatives require better facilities for research and technical advice in order better to represent the public view. We have obtained agreement from the other parties not to contest the election of the Speaker of the House. Your new Liberal Government will recommend formal provisions to ensure that the function of Speaker is not subject to partisan politics.  Initiate, on an experimental basis, televised House or Committee proceedings.  Reorganize the Senate. The Senate must be made a more effective instrument of federalism. Consideration of Senate reform by the Federal Provincial Conference on the Constitution will be given priority. Its members will be given a greater role in investigating problems and initiating new legislation.  Revise the functions and organization of the Cabinet and the Prime Minister's Office. Government policy requires more effective direction. The Cabinet has already been reorganized with a new Committee system which will achieve better planning and coordination between different government activities.  Make Government administration more open and responsive to the citizens' needs and rights. The public will have greater opportunities to present its views on government plans through an improved Parliamentary Committee system and a broad reform of administrative law. Legislation will be adopted, which will provide for advance notice of administrative acts in certain cases, improve the procedures before boards and commissions and facilitate means of review and appeal by citizens of administrative decisions.  POLICIES FOR A PROSPEROUS ECONOMY  Canadians today have the strongest economy in their history. The policies and economic management of your liberal Government during the past five years have been primarily responsible for the unprecedented standard of living we now enjoy.  The economy today contains all of the elements needed to continue to grow strongly and soundly. Your new Liberal Government is dedicated to the active promotion of that growth. It will achieve it by developing the full promise of our natural, industrial and human resources.  No complex economy can grow without encountering problems. Your new Liberal Government is dedicated to solving those problems and to using its skills and powers to free Canadians for active, individual enterprise in the pursuit of realistic economic goals.  FOR BETTER PUBLIC MANAGEMENT  The Federal Government is primarily responsible for stimulating and managing the nation's economic growth. To do this with maximum effectiveness, your Government must: (1) develop better ways to plan and coordinate economic policy; (2) use its own resources more efficiently, and, (3) change those laws and regulations which impede economic development.  To achieve those objectives, your new Liberal Government will:  Reorganize and consolidate the functions of appropriate Government departments. The functions of Cabinet have already been reorganized. The next step is to reorganize departments to cut Government costs and obtain more efficient performance within the public service. Consolidated administrative functions will eliminate duplication among departments, stop wastage of resources, and curtail the growth of the civil service.  Accelerate Programme Budgeting. The objective is to allocate in a rational, productive way the use of money and personnel for all Government undertakings. Some progress has been made but the task will be given a higher priority. Your new Liberal Government will also expedite the review of managerial techniques and training.  Initiate a programme to foster greater freedom of movement between civil service and private enterprise, unions, farm associations and others. Recruitment of managers, professionals, and academics for short-term service in government will be fostered. Career civil servants will be given leaves to participate in industry or universities.  TRADE AND MARKETING  Canada has, in the last five years under a Liberal Government, achieved notable new successes in the trade field. In that period alone, exports increased by nearly $5 billion to a total of more than $11.25 billion. Substantial concessions, affecting some $3 billion of Canadian exports and $2 billion in imports, were gained in the Kennedy Round trade agreements.  But world trading conditions are constantly changing. New initiatives and flexibility must be continued in the years ahead if Canada's competitive advantages are to be maintained.  Your new Liberal Government will pursue three primary objectives: (1) launching specific trade development programmes; (2) consolidating gains from the Kennedy Round, and, (3) reviewing all multilateral trade relationships, especially those with nations in our major export market areas-the U.K. and Europe, the Pacific region, and the Western Hemisphere.  To achieve those objectives your new Liberal Government will:  Work to expand exports under conditions of progressively freer trade. At the latest meeting of the GATT, Canada led the way in proposing major new areas of trade liberalization. Your new Liberal Government will continue actively to seek tariff cuts to benefit Canadian exporters without unduly .exposing particular domestic industries. We will also seek freer trade in suitable agricultural products, consistent with the healthy growth of Canadian agriculture.  Support international initiatives to reduce nontari$ obstacles to trade such as discriminatory government purchasing policies, quotas and other means of discrimination.  Mobilize special efforts to expand trade with the nations of the Pacific Area-Japan, Australia and New Zealand, South America, Southeast Asia, China and the eastern U.S.S.R. As part of our foreign policy review, we will immediately reappraise trading relations with the People's Republic of China, seeking to develop a two-way expansion in trade and to lay the foundation for closer economic cooperation in the future, including the establishment of reciprocal trade representation.  Send a major trade and economic mission to Latin America to improve our trade relations with this developing continent. The mission will include leading Canadian businessmen and financiers and will be headed by the Canadian Minister of Trade and Commerce. Recognizing the interest of Latin American countries, Canada will support the promotion of international commodity agreements in collaboration with other interested countries. Your new Liberal Government will also seek arrangements to liberalize and expand all Canadian Caribbean trade and commercial relations.  Freer trade will be sought in those major export sectors of advantage to both countries, consistent with continuing sound relations with Canada's other trading partners. In the post-Kennedy Round era, two-thirds of Canada's exports to the U.S. will enter duty free.  Initiate new trade promotion eforts. New forms of marketing and trade promotion assistance are now being given priority study with a view to helping Canadian producers to sell new products, and in new markets.  SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, RESEARCH, AND PRODUCTIVITY  Innovation and research are major keys to Canada's economic growth. In this era of rapid technological change, our industrial development and the evolution of our society will depend increasingly on our scientific effort. The Government has developed important programmes to assist industrial research and development, but much remains to be done. Canada spends less on research and development than many other nations, especially in the private sector. Our productivity performance needs to be strongly improved.  To achieve these goals, your new Liberal Government will:  Give vigorous support to science in both pure and applied forms as a basis of modern economic development. In pursuit of this objective, your new Liberal Government will give careful study and attention to the forthcoming Report of the Senate Committee on Science Policy. In its study of the Senate report, we shall give careful attention to the relationship between public and private research and to the development and retention in Canada of highly trained scientists and engineers.  Emphasize applied research to problems of environment, human resources, housing, natural resource development, northern development, water pollution, space telecommunications, transportation, transmission of energy, and nuclear energy. By 1975, our goal is that Canadians will spend about $2 billion a year on research and development, both private and public. A greater percentage of government funds will be directed to private, applied research.  RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT  Canadians must place much greater emphasis on developing our natural resources. This nation has a variety and abundance of resources capable of solving most of our social and economic problems, if we can develop them prudently. Your new Liberal Government will place a high priority on intelligent resource development.  To achieve it, your new Liberal Government will:  Accelerate the systematic and basic inventory of our national resources. We must know what we can realistically hope to find in the future. Only in this way can we develop goals and allocate priorities in markets, capital, labour, transportation and other areas.  Promote opportunities for young people in the resource field and provide training to enable youth to take advantage of them. Canada has many new frontiers to explore and develop. This requires a new approach to community development in remote areas to ensure adequate advantages and incentives to those who participate in the development of our frontiers.  Introduce a new Canada Water Act to provide for the necessary framework for planning and uses of water related to hydro power, irrigation, fisheries, flood control, recreation, navigation and pollution control. Your new Liberal Government will encourage water resource management through river basin development planning in cooperation with the provinces.  Gear transportation policies to provide a new impetus to resource development. Expansion and continued modernization of our seaways, airlines, marine services, docks, pipelines, etc. will be undertaken to ensure that our resources are brought to markets efficiently and economically.  Prepare, in cooperation with the provinces, new programmes for control and elimination of air and water pollution.  REFORM OF BUSINESS LAw  In order to achieve a more efficient, open and competitive business environment your new Liberal Government intends to press on with a complete review of our many business laws.  To achieve this objective it will:  Review the Combines Investigation Act, which is currently before the Economic Council of Canada. Without anticipating the results of the report, your new Liberal Government would contemplate bringing service industries under the Act and testing the civil jurisdiction of the Federal Government. The statute will also be reviewed with a view to strengthening Canadian industry in world markets.  Continue to strengthen the administration of the Bankruptcy Act for better protection of creditors and small businessmen. The report of the advisory committee recommending amendment of the entire bankruptcy law will be implemented at the earliest opportunity.  Amend substantially the Canadian corporate  law relating principally to disclosure, insider trading, proxy solicitation and take-over bids. Further substantial amendments to modernize Canadian corporate practice are already under review.  Enact a federal Cooperative Act to permit cooperatives to be incorporated at the federal level when their operations are not confined to a single province.  Enact a federal Securities Act governing international and interprovincial trade in corporate securities. Discussions will be continued with the provinces on the type of agency to administer such a statute.  Make substantial revisions in the entire field of industrial and intellectual property upon receipt of the report of the Economic Council of Canada on this subject.  INDUSTRIAL PEACE  Your Government has already undertaken a thorough review of all aspects of labour relations in Canada As soon as this review is completed, your new Liberal Government will put before Parliament new legislation aimed at ensuring industrial peace and fairness for ail concerned in matters of industrial relations under federal jurisdiction.  AGRICULTURE  Small Farm Policy  While the situation varies from commodity to commodity, in general 30 per cent of Canada's farmers produce 70 per cent of our agricultural production. This great variation in farm size and with it productivity renders the development of agricultural programmes appropriate to varying farm sizes most difficult.  The problem could be met through the institution of a system of farm differentiation by productivity and size. This differentiation could provide a basis for modifying programmes to meet the particular needs of farms of different sizes. The concept is that farmers themselves could reach the decision as to their own classification for this purpose. All farm programs could then be designed taking into consideration the special needs of the smaller farmers and the social aspects of such programs could be recognized and measured. Programs for all other farms could be those consistent with a larger scale viable operation. In return for the differential level of assistance the smaller farmer could undertake that at the time the farm passed from his possession he would not dispose of it for other than farm consolidation or for movement into the public sector. Thus the special programs designed for farmers in this category would not perpetuate the problem.  National Marketing Boards  More and more farmers are turning to marketing boards to provide them with a vehicle for the orderly marketing of their . Existing boards established under provincial authority are finding it increasingly difficult to operate due to altered conditions brought on largely through changes in the technology of transportation and product handling. To meet this situation and to complement the action of provincial boards through the provision of a basis for orderly interprovincial and export marketing the government proposes to introduce special legislation to provide for commodity marketing boards as the particular need for each commodity becomes evident.  In order to meet the difficulties of divided jurisdiction in the area of the marketing of agricultural products, the government would undertake to raise for discussion with the provinces the possibility of providing overall authority for the marketing of agricultural products as a federal responsibility.  Farm Credit  The government proposes to amend the Farm Credit legislation to provide for broadened applicability and to stimulate the entry into the industry of younger people. These amendments would provide increased coverage for farmers desirous of acting in partnership, would improve the ability of farmers to enter into agreements with their sons, and would facilitate the entry into farm ownership of young farmers who have demonstrated superior managerial ability. Action would also be taken to expand the activities of the Farm Machinery Syndicates Credit Act to provide for loans on permanent installations, housing, specialized equipment for the joint use of several farmers, and for allied purposes. The provisions of the Farm Improvement Loans would be expanded, and the operations of this Act integrated with those of the Farm Credit Corporation.  Canada's Export Objective  The Canadian Government is confident of Canada's capacity to grow and sell the wheat that the world demands. Both the government and the Canadian Wheat Board are determined to maintain and improve Canada's share of the world wheat market. The objective is to secure 25% or better of world wheat trade or, in quantitative terms, 1.3 billion bushels of wheat exports in the next three years. To attain this level of wheat exports, the Government is prepared to give all necessary support to the selling operations of the Canadian Wheat Board. In furtherance of these objectives, the Government will:  a) Continue to subscribe to and fully support the International Grains Arrangement.  b) Review and amend credit facilities available to improve the competitive position of Canadian wheat on world markets.  c) Continue a high level of wheat and flour in Canada's Food Aid Programme. The government has announced a goal for total aid of one per cent of the gross national product. Wheat and flour will continue to represent an important share of this increasing expenditure.  d) Establish a National Grains Council. Achievement of all our objectives will require a determined team effort. The grain industry represents the combined activities of tens of thousands of Canadians engaged in a wide variety of occupations. The energies, experience, and ideas of representatives of all related groups must be harnessed to the task. These must include not only producers and governments, but also elevator companies, shippers, exporters, railroads, co-operatives, marketing and inspection boards, farm organizations, agricultural scientists and sales and marketing experts.  There must be a forum established where representatives of these groups can meet and play their part in planning and action. In consultation with the Industry, this Government intends to proceed at once to establish a National Grains Council in order to involve in a real and productive way, the various elements of this great industry.  The main purposes of the Council would be:  (i) To review, appraise and make recommendations on any existing or proposed program or development associated with any facet of the grain industry.  (ii) To assist and participate in the promotion of exports of Canadian grains.  (iii) To assist in the promotion of research in all aspects of the grain industry and to encourage maximum utilization of research done in Canada and other countries.  (iv) Generally to provide improved liaison between industry and government and between various elements of the industry.  It is further proposed that a Secretariat be established to assist the Council, and the cost involved in the Council's operation be shared equitably between the government and various interests involved.  These forward looking measures are designed to provide maximum assistance to the Western grain producer in his quest for volume exports at the highest possible price.  Income Protection for Grain Producers  Variations in world supply-demand relationship do give rise to problems for Canada's exports of wheat and flour although even this year's anticipated level of 340 million bushels compares favourably with what was formerly considered a good performance. Following two successive record world wheat crops, demand for our wheat has been less this year.  Variations in world cereal supply-demand give rise to year to year fluctuations in Canadian grain sales and farm income. These fluctuations create difficulties for grain farmers in making forward operational plans. To meet this problem, the government will immediately involve all interested parties in the development of a self-sustaining program of income protection for western cereal producers. Various alternative systems are possible, and farm leaders have suggested several variations. The basic concept is a program under which farmers could be provided with minimum income assurance against declines in prices or marketings.  Resolution of this problem will be sought in sufficient time to bring in legislation to permit implementation of a program early in 1969 should it be required.  Subject to producer wishes and provincial support, the government is prepared to undertake discussions and consultations with other grain and corn producers and other groups with a view to establishing income protection programs having an objective similar to that envisioned for the western cereal producers.  Improved Cash Advances  To meet farmers' needs for operating funds at harvest time, Advance Payments will be increased, as soon as possible, to provide for the doubling, to $6,000, of the amount available to individual farmers as interest-free loans on farm stored grain. At the same time the burden of repayment will be eased by reducing the rate of repayment.  ECONOMY  [From a speech by P. E. Trudeau to the Council of Forest Industries of B.C., Vancouver, May 10]  "It would be futile to devise methods to improve our international trade while ignoring the ever present threats to domestic economic stability. The ability to compete in the markets of the world is dependent on the maintenance of a strong competitive position at home. Let me assure you that the Government shares the business community's concern with this problem. The Government intends to hold down Federal Government spendigg and to keep our expenditures in line with our tax' revenues. In other words, our aim is to achieve a balanced budget. We have also discussed with the provinces the need for restraint in expenditures by all levels of Government, and we intend to collaborate fully with them in determining priorities for achieving this goal. Strong measures have been taken in the fields of fiscal and monetary policy to reduce the pressures of excess demand in the Canadian economy."  INDUSTRIAL SYSTEM  [The Globe and Mail, June 15, 1968]  "We are planning to revise the Industrial Relations and Disputes Investigations Act. The new provisions will encourage continuous problemsolving discussions between labor and management during the life of collective agreements and away from the crisis atmosphere of contract negotiations."  "We may need changes in the Canada Labor Standards Code to provide protection for workers whose employment ends through the initiative of the employer and to guarantee maternity leave and equal pay for female workers."  "We must . . . encourage continuous negotiation between representatives of labor and management on planning for technological change.  "Within federal jurisdiction, when severe technological displacement is expected, at least three months' notice should be given to employees affected and to Government departments and the municipality concerned.  "We intend to promote in collaboration with the provinces, unions, and industry, the standardization of apprenticeship programs.  "We must ensure that companies contracting out projects are not doing so to avoid their obligations under collective agreements.  "If we wish to encourage employees to run for public office, we must enable them to obtain leave of absence without risking their jobs, pension rights or seniority.  "Finally, in the interests of safety, we must allow a tax deduction for any safety equipment which a worker must pay for himself."