INDEX TO POLICY  New Zealand Social Credit Political League (Inc.)  THE TENITS 1  FINANCE & TAXATION 2  SOCIAL SECURITY 3  PRIMARY INDUSTRY 5-3  FORESTRY 7  SOIL CONSERVATION 8  EXPORT TRADE 9-10  SECONDARY INDUSTRY 11  INDUSTRIAL 12  EDUCATION 13-22  HOUSING 23  PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 24  TOURIST DEVELOPMENT 23-27  RADIO & TELEVISION 28  ELECTRIC POWER 28  IMMIGRATION 28  DEFFNCE 29  ETERNAL AFFAIRS 30  CONSTITUTIONAL 31  MAORI INTERESTS 32  HEALTH 33-36  GENERAL 37-38  THE TENETS OF SOCIAL CREDIT.  OUR PRINCIPLES.  1. We believe that what is physically possible and desirable for the betterment of Mankind should be made financially possible.  2. Our basic principle is the establishment of an economic and social order built on the foundations of brotherly love, truth, justice and honest endeavour.  3. We believe that the individual is more important than the State, and that Systems should be made for Man-not Man for Systems.  4. We believe that restrictive forms of Political and Financial Dictatorship, Monopoly and Bureaucracy should be strenuously opposed.  5. We believe is competitive enterprise, and that State owned business should conform to the same conditions as privately owned concerns. We believe that the function of Government is to set fair rules.  6. We believe that the only purpose of Production is Consumption, and that labour-saving is the proper purpose of labour-saving inventions.  7. We believe that the first necessity in establishing our principles is to reform our present unchristian monetary system, which is dishonest and unjust and is the basic cause of many other evils.  OUR PURPOSE.  1. To cut taxation and reduce the cost of living.  2. To combat inflation and restore the value of the £/$.  3. To protect and enhance the value of wages, savings and pensions.  4. To use every means to stimulate production, and as machines take the place of men, to ensure that purchasing power will be maintained to allow distribution of the product.  5. To make possible tile rapid introduction of labour-saving devices, both industrial and domestic.  6. To encourage skills in work by ensuring a just reward.  7. To increase opportunity by cultural, spiritual, and recreational activities.  OUR FIRST STEPS.  1. We will introduce a Bill of Rights for New Zealand to limit the power of Government and safeguard tile individual against the invasion of rights and liberties.  2. We will make all Orders-in-Council and Acts of Administrative Bodies subject to appeal in a Court of Law.  3. We will secure to the people the ownership and use of their own credit.  4. We will ensure that the Reserve Bank carries out its legislative function as a National Credit Authority, thereby stabilising the purchasing power of money.  5. We will substantially reduce taxation and costs of production in primary and secondary industries.  6. We will increase pensions and other benefits without adding to taxation.  7. We will extend, without increasing taxation, the present subsidies on consumer Moods to cover a far wider range.  8. We will drastically cut death duties to combat disinheritance.  9. We will provide interest-free money for approved public and local body works to the limit of labour and materials available.  Finance.  1. OWNERSHIP OF CREDIT.  We will secure to the people the use and ownership of their own credit, and so make what is physically possible, financially possible.  2. GOVERNMENT FINANCE.  Money required for Governmental purposes within New Zealand over and above that obtained from revenue, will be provided from the Reserve Bank interest-free and, where circumstances warrant, debt free.  3. LOCAL BODY FINANCE.  Interest free loans will be made available where warranted to Local Bodies, repayments to be by instalments spread over terms to be mutually agreed upon.  4. TRADING BANKS.  In a developing Social Credit economy, normal business relations between the trading banks and their customers will remain undisturbed, but when credit is used, the Trading Banks shall not claim such credit as their own property, but will act only as agents for the Reserve Bank functioning for a National Credit Authority.  5. SAVINGS.  The Post Office Savings Bank and other Savings Bank will be maintained as repositories of the people's savings and equitable rates of interest will be paid.  6. TRUSTEE INVESTMENTS.  The Trustee Act will be amended to unable investments to be made in approved industrial and agricultural undertakings and especially Afforestation. A National Development Corporation will be established to advise on investments, which will include those of private individuals, estates, trusts, all savings banks and building societies. The integrity of such investments will be State guaranteed.  7. NATIONAL ACCOUNTS.  (a) The National Credit Authority will be required to produce to Parliament annually National Statements Of' Accounts.  (b) Fuller Government accounts providing all information and presented in conformity with modern accounting practice will be tabled before Parliament.  8. LOCAL BODY RATES.  We believe that it is only just and right that Government should pay local body rates on Government occupied properties, and would legislate to remove anomalies affecting local bodies in this respect.  9. INFLATION.  To stabilise the cost of living and to ensure that the value of people's production of goods and services is not lost through retail prices. We would therefore:  (a) Retain and extend present subsidies on butter, milk, flour, eggs, etc.  (b) Revise the administration of the Trade Practices Act to prevent advantages obtained from other parts of our policy being filched from the public by profiteering.  10. NATIONAL DEBT.  We will repay the National Debt as soon as possible.  TAXATION.  To restore incentive and reduce costs, we will abolish all direct taxation, both income tax and social security tax imp to the first £520 of income per annum for each individual. The exemptions for a wife or housekeeper will be £208 per annum and £ 104 for each child or dependent relative. The insurance exemption will continue as at present for income tax only. A wife's exemption of £208 diminishes £1 for each £1 of the wife's income in excess of £100.  DEATH DUTIES.  Death Duties will be abolished on estates of up to £20000 tax to begin at £20001 value. Forms and family businesses passed on to immediate members of the family will be eligible for an additional exemption of £20000 provided the legatees operate them for seven years. A further death within that period of seven years will not entail further death duties.  SOCIAL SECURITY.  1. BENEFITS  Without increasing taxation, benefits will be increased to ensure a reasonable standard of living with other sections of the community, and to correct existing anomalies and iniquities. Pensions will he increased by 15/- in the first year and then by progressive annual steps until a reasonable living standard for all pensioners is reached.  2. ANOMALIES.  We will remove certain anomalies from the Act which penalise applicants for benefits.  3. FREE TRAVEL FOR PENSIONERS.  Pensioners will be entitled to an annual warrant to travel free on Government owned road and rail services outside holiday periods.  4. TELEPHONES.  We will provide a public telephone in association with each block of pensioners’ flats.  5. WASHING MACHINES.  We will provide automatic washing machines in all pensioners’ flats as required.  6. UNJUST RESTRICTIONS.  We will remove unjust restrictions on claims to Social Security, Sick or Disability benefits.  7. RADIO & TELEVISION LICENCES.  Old age and invalid pensioners will be exempted from payment of licence fees.  8. SICK OR DISABILITY BENEFITS.  The husband shall be entitled to draw Sick or Disability Benefit without his wife first ceasing to work. This will apply also to self-employed where income ceases when sickness intervenes.  9. METHODS OF ASSISTANCE.  We will publicise the benefits and methods of assistance, which are written into legislation so that all eligible will know the extent and details of such legislation.  PRIMARY INDUSTRY.  1. PREAMBLE.  The Social Credit Land and Agricultural policy will be directed to:  (a) Security of tenure.  (b) Promotion of Land Development and Settlement.  (c) Incentives to increase production by way of:  (1) Ensuring adequate finance for development at reasonable rates of finance.    (2) Promotion of and assistance to the maintaining and increasing of   the rural community, to ensure an adequate labour force for all   primary producers.  2. THE FARMERS' STANDARD OF LIVING.  Social Credit is pledged to assure the farmer his cost of production which includes his just reward on a basis equivalent to that of the rest of New Zealand.  Primary Producers will be given the right to make their submissions to a Court similar to the Arbitration Court. A suggested Order of Reference in establishing costs could be:  (a) Enable primary producers to pay competitive rates of wages.  (b) Allow them remuneration commensurate with the service they render and with that obtained by other members of the community who render equal service.  (c) Stimulate the full use of the land.  3. OVERSEAS MARKETS.  (a) A search for alternative overseas markets for the disposal of exports not required by traditional trade connections will be vigorously pursued.  (b) MEAT AND WOOL POOL ACCOUNTS.  Funds held in these accounts will be paid to a trusteeship administered by the industry.  4. TRADE COMMISSIONS.  Trade Commissions will be appointed to prospective marketing countries.  5. CO-OPERATIVES.  The operations and profits made by overseas and other companies operating in the wholesale field will be investigated with the object of ensuring to the primary producer the best possible returns for his products. The extension of the co-operative principle will be encouraged and all profits made by them will be exempt from taxation. Profits distributed to producers, however, will be assessable income in their hands.  6. RETURNS TO PRODUCERS.  Marked differences between the prices paid by the consumer and the return to the producer will be investigated.  7. LAND TENURES.  It shall be the Social Credit objective to make it financially possible for people to own their own land on the basis of private individual ownership. By reducing and ultimately stabilising costs, holdings should remain economic from one generation to another.  8. LAND DEVELOPMENT.  (a) The Government will provide long-term finance for agricultural and forestry development at 3 per cent interest.  (b) Development Councils will be set up in appropriate areas to assist in promoting  Land Settlement. Their order of reference will include:  (a) Survey all land not in useful production.    (b) Classify for future development, e.g., farming, amalgamation into   economic farm units, establishment of exotic and rejuvenation of   indigenous forests.  LAND BALLOTS.  (c) The policy of Land Development tool Civilian Settlement will be greatly accelerated. Mann units will be made available for ballot as soon as they are physically ready for settlement.  REWARD FOR SERVICE.  Any farm employee who has worked on the land continuously for ten years will be eligible to participate in these land ballots on the same terms as ex-servicemen. The immediate objective will be to ballot at least l00 units per year.  FINANCE.  (d) Loans up to one hundred per cent will be made available on a progressive basis at not more than 3 per cent to private persons for land settlement.  FARM HOUSING.  (e) Where a new house is built for occupation by the owner himself, and the existing house is suitable for occupation by and is used to house a farm employee, the new house will qualify for initial or special depreciation up to a maximum of £4000.  INCENTIVE TO INCREASE' PRODUCTION.  (f) Increase in production (basic production to be the average of of the preceding three  years) will be tax free.  9. RESEARCH.  Steps will be taken to establish a Scientific Industrial Research Corporation in order to secure more and better equipment, more remuneration for those engaged in co-ordination and research. Remuneration of scientific and research personnel will be greatly increased to compare with overseas conditions. Additional equipment required to facilitate the work will be provided and much of the frustration being experienced in the research field will be eliminated through the setting up of a direct corporation. The corporation would also be responsible for co-ordinating and greatly expanding science and research in New Zealand. In a world of technology, increased research is vital to the country's future and standard of living and the necessary financial grants would be provided for. In conjunction with the research corporation, research will be greatly intensified with more emphasis on the relationship between agricultural and general health of man, animal and soil. For this purpose there will be increased grants for facilities for agricultural, plant and animal research. Diagnostic centres will be set up in all suitable districts.  10. FARM TRAINING.  Existing farm education and gaining schemes will be extended to cope with the current need, and voluntary scheme of adult farm training will be introduced. At the conclusion, graded applicants will be eligible for finance.  11. CAPITAL STOCK.  Farmers will be given the right to choose between the present system of standard value for livestock whereby all stock is trading stock and a system whereby capital stock is treated as such and only trading stock is taken into account in arriving at taxable income. No additional tax shall be incurred in making a changeover.  12. RESERVE ACCOUNTS.  All primary producers will be given the opportunity to voluntarily establish reserve accounts to cover disasters due to natural phenomena and not otherwise insurable, similar to the Snow Loss Reserve Legislation.  13. GENERAL.  In country towns and rural districts we will expedite the building of accommodation for police officers, school teachers, civil servants and farm workers to encourage them to seek work in these areas.  14. LAND VALUATIONS.  The system of land valuation and tenure has developed into a deplorable state causing hardship, increasing costs and much injustice. A Social Credit Government would hold an investigation into the whole of the relative law to bring consolidation, realism and justice in that law.  15. FARM ADVISORY.  The Farm Improvement Club concept of advisory services will be fostered and assisted.  16. THE LAND PROMOTIONS ACT.  The recommendation of the Agricultural Conference in relation to this Act will be implemented, viz., Repeal Part 2 of the Land Settlement and Promotion Act and strengthen Part 1 to provide Crown acquisition where in the opinion of the Minister it would be in public interest.  17. NOXIOUS WEEDS-Control.  Financial assistance will be given to Local Bodies to enable all noxious weeds to be eradicated.  18. FARM EMPLOYEES.  TAXATION.  To encourage farm workers the same taxation deductions as allowed to farmers will apply, i.e., maintenance of own gear and animals, car depreciation, and telephone rental if not paid by the owner.  FORESTRY.  1. WATERSHED PROTECTION.  It will be our Policy:  To ensure that water supplies are protected and conserved and that soil erosion and flooding are reduced to a minimum by the reservation of adequate watershed forest areas and by the intensification of measures for the protection and improvement of forest and other vegetation on these areas.  2. TIMBER PRODUCTION.  (a) To conserve the dwindling supplies of native timber and to ensure that this timber is made available for the exacting specialist uses for which its high quality makes it so eminently suitable.  (b) To make adequate provision for New Zealand's future timber requirements, not only by increasing State plantings of pines and other exotic timbers but also by providing soundly-based incentives to encourage farm, company, and local authority plantings.  (c) To improve farming economy generally by bringing into timber production those considerable areas of farms which, although unsuitable or marginal for agricultural or pastoral purposes, will nevertheless grow good timber.  3. WOOD PROCESSING AND MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES.  To provide employment fur our increasing population as well as to provide markets for increased timber production by instituting a long-team programme for the establishment of wood processing and manufacturing industries.  4. EXPORTS.  To develop timber and wood products as an additional major source of export earnings.  5. CONSERVATION.  The Nature Conservation Act will be suitably amended to more effectively conserve natural beauty as a national asset.  SOIL CONSERVATION, RIVER CONTROL.  (a) The general policy of tax reduction will do much to allow individual farmers to control erosion without relying on State aid.  (b) Conservation is at present under several Statutes and the whole position is very confused. A Social Credit Government would set up a Nature Conservancy Council to formulate and put into action without delay an interim conservation policy for a three-year period. At the same time to instigate both short- and long-term scientific investigations of conservation problems.  (c) Conservation under Soil Conservation and River Control Council policy at present is strongly weighted towards river control. This work should be sustained and increased but the fact recognised that this is dealing mainly with effects and not causes.  (d) The present administration and expenditure on Soil Conservation is very low.  Until such time as the Nature Conservancy Council is able to bring forward its policies and while its administration is becoming geared to this vital question of Soil Conservation, the Social Credit Government will:  1. Substantially increase grants for Soil erosion research and control.  2. Increase conservation activity in the control of high county erosion, using all possible modern mechanical machinery and methods, including hydraulic control.  3. Promote greater contour development in lower level watersheds wherever possible.  4. Assure that the Crown accept full responsibility for erosion control on all lands under its control including in some cases leasehold properties.  5. Local authorities wishing to establish mechanised composting plants will be assisted with subsidies and research grants, especially for the compost disposal of sewage wastes.  Export trade.  (a) In order to stabilise our overseas income we will:  1. Expand trade with other countries by setting up trade officers in likely areas and so diversify our export markets.  2. Foster a wider range of export products.  3. Promote new industries such as Fishing, Canneries of foods for export, and fresh vegetables to the near East.  (b) Sufficient exchange will be reserved to provide for essential capital equipment and raw materials.  (c) We will give practical assistance to firms for increasing New Zealand exports.  (d) Allow increased expenditure on advertising and travelling, as tax exemptions and remove hampering controls.  (e) Apply immediately to G.A.T.T. for a waiver to permit the reciprocal and bilateral trading with countries other than traditional markets.  (f) Establish in the Reserve Bank of New Zealand credits for those countries willing to reciprocate so that trading may proceed unhampered by balance of payments problems.  (g) Use all possible means to promote sales of New Zealand products to potential markets.  EXTERNAL TRADE.  Diversification of markets.  (a) In order to rapidly stimulate diversification of trade and markets, we will, in relation to the countries of South East Asia as indeed with all nations wishing to avail themselves of the scheme, pursue rigorous trade policies based on the principle of Economic Justice rather than Charitable Aid.  (b) Towards this end Credits will be established in the Reserve Bank of New Zealand for those nations willing to reciprocate so that trading may proceed unhampered by balance of payments  (c) We will establish consular offices and trading posts wherever practicable with the object of furthering bilateral and reciprocal trade.  EXPLANATION OF EXPORT TRADE POLICY.  Expansion of our export trade can only be successfully achieved if it is treated on a long-term basis. Our primary producers must know the basic principles which will determine policy in our trade with other countries. For instance, Social Credit believes that an immediate application should be made to G.A.T.T. for a waiver of the agreement to allow for the promotion of reciprocal and bilateral trading which is becoming increasingly necessary with countries other than our traditional markets.  We know that about 80 per cent of our dairy produce is still sold in the United Kingdom and more than 80 per cent of our mutton and lamb but this may nut always be so, particularly as quotas are already being discussed for the entry of dairy produce to the United Kingdom and there is likely to be a change in the freedom which we have had on the United Kingdom meat market. Naturally the question arises that many of the countries who could use our foodstuffs have not the exchange to pay for them, but as their standard of living rises, so will they become more important markets. We should not wait and perhaps lose these markets just because of an exchange problem and therefore we would establish in the Reserve Bank of New Zealand credits for those countries which are willing to reciprocate with us so that trade could proceed unhampered by balance of payments problems. Successful trading requires successful promotion which, while a market has to be explored it is unreasonable not to provide some incentive for private enterprise but plan its initial promotion in those areas so that trade can be built up. Therefore we would allow increased expenditure on advertising and travelling and, provided such expenditure was for the purpose of promoting exports, it would be exempt from taxation. We recognise the tourist industry as an important export earner and so would include it in the above exemption. Successful selling often requires diversified production because the tastes and habits of customers vary the more we sell to a wider range of countries. This again means intensified promotion, better packaging and a change of thinking from the days when we were selling in bulk to only a few countries.  We would increase the number of trade offices in likely areas and staff them with experienced personnel who would be provided with a realistic budget to enable them to compete against those nations who are already conducting skilled and intense campaigns to promote their own wares. For instance, in the 1951, 1954, 1957, 1960 and 1963 election years New Zealand showed a deficit of well over £200 million through over importing which had to be made up by hard work, increased production and tighter controls in the non-election years. Social Credit would set up a Board of Trade whose responsibility would be to carry out a long-term policy of import allocation related to export earnings for the year concerned and also taking into account the long-term export development referred to above. This board would be able to grant special concessions for the provision of essential capital equipment and raw materials needed by farmers and others to increase our own primary production and so help increase our export earnings. Sufficient overseas exchange would be allocated by the Reserve Bank for this purpose.  It is only logical that we must increase our exports before we call soundly look forward to increased imports. The primary production boards have already done much to diversify their production and assistance would continue to be given them to further their efforts.  The development of Forestry as an export trade, the fishing industry, canned vegetables and other raw materials is still in its infancy and will only achieve success if the party political attitude is removed from Government policy, particularly on a long-term basis.  World trade is a complex and highly skilled business and our boards representing our producers must feel confident that Governernment is behind them by way of assistance, confidence and Government planning so that the job is done is a team. In many cases Government to Government arrangements are necessary before private enterprise can successfully promote its own goods and this type of co-operation has never been more essential.  Secondary industry.  (a) We will encourage secondary industry both from the point of view of expanding existing and setting up of new industries, more particularly where:  1.  It can be shown that the industry concerned can operate at prices     competitive with identical imported articles.  2.  The industry can utilise efficiently local raw materials.  3.  Processing and packaging of primary products are concerned.  4.  Our co-operation with privae enterprise in the expansion of industry     will be to the benefit of the people of New Zealand. We recognise     that it is a matter of national importance to arrest the decline of     the coal industry especially in regard to its potential for     conserving overseas funds. We will encourage greater usage of coal     in its present form and proceed with the establishment of coal     utilisation in other forms as follows:  (i) Coal Utilisation:  (a) the manufacture of brickettes.  (b) the production of nitrogenous manures.  (c) the production of tar, ammonia, disinfectants and metallurgical coke and other by-products.  (ii) The development of other industries utilising such products as oil and natural gas, ironsands, bauxite, etc., will be fostered.  (b) Minerals, Gas and Oil. The development of minerals, natural gas and oils should he on a national scale and the Government on behalf of the people should share equitably in the profit. A Social Credit Government would reassert the right of ownership by the people of New Zealand of all minerals and see that the people benefit by lower prices from the exploitation of the mineral wealth. Where companies hold mineral rights over lands, these rights shall be operated within seven years or those rights shall revert to the Government.  (c) Social Credit Government will set up a Board of Trade to handle and stabilise imports to remove imports from the fluctuations caused by political control.  (d) Harbours. We would actively assist in improving both major and secondary ports in New Zealand to speed up the turn-round of ships.  (e) We will foster and assist the expansion of industrial research to improve the natural efficiency and ability of New Zealand workers. Scholarships will be made available to enable them to study and train overseas.  (f) Investment of Overseas Capital in New Zealand Development  1. Interests of New Zealand economy must be paramount.  2. More information should be made available to the public re terms and conditions.  3. New Zealand investors will he given the opportunity to invest substantially in these enterprises.  1.  Outgoings of New Zealand exchange in respect of dividends on     overseas capital shall not exceed the savings and/or earnings on     exchange effected by the industry.  INDUSTRIAL.  1. TRADE UNION MEMBERSHIP.  (a) Social Credit acknowledges the right of all workers to organise and strive to improve their conditions, their rates of pay and hours of work.  (b) We affirm our endorsement of the principle of conciliation and arbitration in the settlement of industrial disputes. We will investigate the provisions and administration of the present lndustrial Arbitration and Conciliation Act, with a view to revision.  (c) We will arrange a meeting of interested parties to study the possibility of staggering annual holidays throughout the year to ensure the provision of adequate services at all times.  (d) Automation. Automation will result in the production of more wealth and is therefore a good thing. However, we realise that there will be problems in the transitional period from an industrial point of view. In the ultimate and overall we are satisfied that in an expanding Social Credit economy this labour will be rapidly absorbed in other work; but during this transitional period we would guarantee to all workers who were displaced the amount of their award rate until other employment was made available. This applies to all workers unemployed but conditions will be laid down to prevent abuses, e.g., a worker who will not take a job offered handy to his home and suitable to his capabilities will be taken on the award wage payment. While such payment may at first seem unfair to those on sick or invalidity benefits, it must be remembered that the whole benefit system is based on productivity. The sooner we hasten the advent of automation and so increase production, the sooner all benefits such as sickness, age or invalidity can be increased to give security and a higher living standard to all. When the wage earner is assured that he will gain by automation and not suffer through unemployment we will get much more co-operation between staff and management, cutting down work stoppages to a minimum and improving efficiency generally. Sick benefits should not be such as to encourage beneficiaries to remain unnecessarily long on the benefit.  (e) Living Wage. We believe that the workers should receive an adequate income for forty hours work to enable them to support themselves and their families.  (f) Co-operative Enterprise. We favour the principle of co-operative enterprise. In the case of monopoly in any industry, we will actively assist the formation of a Co-operative supply organisation so that small operators will be free of the dictates of any monopoly group.  (g) Margin of Skill.-Our object will be to restore 33-1/3 per cent as a margin between tradesmen and unskilled workers, after consultation with Trade Unions.  (h) Finance for Business.-We will provide finance up to 75 per cent for suitably qualified workers, holding Advanced Trade Certificate or its equivalent, wishing to commence their own business similar to the conditions extended under the rehabilitation scheme applying to ex-servicemen.  (i) Research.-We will foster and assist the expansion of industrial research to improve the natural efficiency and ability of New Zealand workers. Scholarships will be made available to enable them to study and gain overseas.  (j) Training.-There is an ever-growing need for more and more skilled and technical workers in this age of science so every encouragement must be given towards greater skill and trade training, which would include a course in costing as is now done in the building trade.  Education.  PREAMBLE.  It is a fact of 20th century political life that Education is one of the most extensive, one of the most expensive and one of the most vital of the concerns of Government. Nor will its importance, its expensiveness or its extensiveness be less as the Age of Automation unfolds its potential wonders to mankind, in fact, the very age of automation and the case or otherwise with which it makes itself at home both within our own society and within the rest of the family of nations, depends very greatly on the part Education plays in the matter. It is of supreme importance, therefore, to the whole well being of New Zealanders and New Zealand, that only that which is excellent shall at all times be the measure and the aim of all policy in the field of Education. Towards the attainment of such excellence, therefore, a Social Credit Government is pledged, and we believe that such will best be achieved by and through a policy based on an attitude of bold progressiveness, on recognition of both parental rights and duties in this matter, on de-centralisation of administration, experimentation with and diversification of curricula, and all this within a system that is national in concept rather than state. We in Social Credit hold as next importance to a Social Credit Monetary Reform, an Education System that will both fashion and fit out for living, the citizens of a Social Credit Society within this dawning age of automation. When we speak of excellence in Education, therefore, and when we come to legislate concerning Education, we will direct all our efforts and resources towards developing, and supporting, the development of the whole person, spiritually, mentally, morally, aesthetically and physically. Deeply convinced that our children ARE, our future and that that future will only be as good as that which we put into their moulding, it Social Credit Government will support good education, be it primary post-primary or university, wherever it is to be found towards this objective, therefore, our first Policy Steps will be:  1. RE TEACHERS.  (a) While we agree that there should be reward for academic qualifications, and increased reward for increased qualification, we also believe that in relation to salary, a balance must always be maintained between qualification on the one hand and the concept of "a good teacher" on the other.  SPECIALIST SERVICES.  (b) We will give urgency to the adequate extension of the following Specialist Services:  1. the extension on a national basis of guidance counselling services.  2. the extension of facilities in speech therapy.  3. the extension of psychological services.  4. the extension of vocational guidance services-especially to rural areas.  (c) We will issue, annually, to each primary and post-primary teacher employed by the Department and to those teachers employed by the independent schools, a book voucher to the value of £10 to he spent oil books pertaining to the teachers' subjects.  LOANS FOR OVERSEAS TRAVEL.  (d) We will make available, under certain conditions, suspensory loans to teachers employed both by the Department and by the Independent Schools, to travel, to exchange or to study overseas.  SABBATICAL LEAVE.  (e) 1. Teachers.-We will, in addition to (d), introduce a system of Sabbatical Leave whereby both teachers with long service records and others assessed as very likely to benefit, will be granted the right to leave of absence and this without loss of privilege.  2. Administrators.-Similar schemes will also be worked out for members of teachers' college lecturing staffs, and for senior as well as for less senior officers of the Department who would be thought to benefit.  DISCIPLINE.  (f) We will clarify the right of the teacher and the school to discipline students.  CLERICAL ASSISTANCE.  (g) We will extend clerical assistance to a larger range of all schools and by an increase in hours. We will also examine this matter in relation to availability of staff in rural schools.  2. TEACHERS' COLLEGES.  SCHOOLS OF EDUCATION.  (a) Schools of Education will be constituted for teachers' training wherein a four-year course will be provided leading, for most entrants, to graduation as Bachelor of Education.  BACHELORSHIP OF EDUCATION AND ALTERNATIVE QUALIFICATIONS.  (b) An alternative route to qualification will be offered to the group of voting men and women who, although not capable academically of such graduation, have a valuable contribution to make towards the education and understanding of children.  TEACHERS' TRAINING COLLEGES AND AUTONOMY.  (c) Greater autonomy will be given to Teachers, Training Colleges.  College Councils will he established. The functions will include:  1.  Employment of college staff but not their appointment.  2.  General overseeing of the academic work and responsibility for the     maintenance of a high scholastic level, discipline and the award of     certificates.  3.  Education Boards will continue to have special responsibilities in     respect of recruitment, the assessment of the needs of the district,     and building requirements.  4.  The Department of' Education will retain its present function.  5.  In addition to the representation thereon advocated by the N.Z.E.I,     we hold that such councils should have representatives of the     community served by the schools.  APPOINTMENT OF ACADEMIC STAFF.  (d) The responsibility for the appointment of college staff, we hold, shall rest with the Minister.  3. SCHOOLS, EQUIPMENT, AMENITIES.  SUMMER SCHOOLS.  (a) We are concerned that millions of pounds worth of school buildings, books and equipment stand idle for a large period of their life span. We will put them to use in two ways  1. By the introduction of Summer Schools. Many of our colleges about the country have lovely grounds, swimming and recreational facilities, halls and accommodation. We have  men and women whose vocation it is to teach, yet we close up their schools for months and waste their talents by driving them to serve beer, drive taxis or work in factories to care the extra money they need. A Social Credit Government will offer many of these teachers summer vacational employment in the schools and will offer Summer School holiday courses to the public.  2. By the introduction of adult education courses to parents in their children's schools. One of the age old problems in education is that children's education is always in advance of that of their parents. This causes a gap in the understanding of one for the other. A Social Credit Government will face this problem, encourage experiment by the schools themselves in this matter and in this way find the solution.  TELEVISION, RADIO AND NATIONAL FILM UNIT USAGE.  (b) In conjunction with this idea, and in any case, we are anxious to see immediate use made of TV and a greater use of Radio as means of both classroom instruction and adult education. Towards this end we will co-opt the skills of those in the National Film Unit and engaged in Tv and Radio productions, to produce educational films and programmes on Health, Traffic Safety, Civics, Water Safety, World Affairs, New Zealand Geography, etc., for use in our schools and for adult education programmes.  ASSEMBLY HALLS.  (c) 1. We are well aware of the need for assembly halls at a number of our larger schools and colleges, particularly in rural areas where a Social Credit Administration envisages such halls and their adjacent schools becoming the centres to a far greater degree than at present, of community activity.  2. In the case of Independent Schools in this matter (assembly halls) we will provide them with loans at an administrative cost for the purpose of providing themselves with these halls.  3. Care will he taken that the design of these halls will ensure that they complement Speech, Drama and related work..  TEACHING AIDS.  (d) We are of the opinion that this country lags in the provision of many types of teaching aids when those available are compared with aids being used in some overseas countries. We will negotiate bulk Government purchase of these where it is economic to do so, will contract with local manufacturers to produce them or, alternatively, we will produce them. An Aids Production and Research Section of the Department will be established.  TOILET FACILITIES.  (e) We are anxious that toilet facilities at all schools should be sufficient and hygienic; this matter will be given a top priority.  4. EXAMINATIONS.  ACCREDITING.  (a) We do not agree with time present practice of Accrediting. The alternative to it is for all candidates to sit the Entrance Examination. We believe they should. One of the problems involved is the marking of the Entrance Examination papers. We believe that all these papers should be marked by the University. We will give then some financial assistance to enable them to do this, and we will legislate that they carry through the task.  SCHOOL CERTIFICATE AND CERTIFICATE OF ATTAINMENT.  (b) We are concerned about the present limitations of the School Certificate Examination and the intense but narrow field of preparation it demands of those preparing for it. Our view is that far too much of the education given our young people is narrow and aims at specialisation too soon in the student's life. We will institute a syllabus that fits a person out for life and living as well as for earning a living. We will institute a system and a syllabus that offers some attainable target for every pupil in the school. Moreover, we will issue to each pupil at the conclusion of his education, and after the sitting of an examination, a Certificate of Attainment. This certificate will be a concise record of the particular subjects taken by the pupil, the degree to which he took them, and the standard of excellence attained in each subject at the stage he was at at the time of terminating his schooling.  SCHOOL LEAVING AGE.  (c) Together with this matter of Certificate, to our mind, goes the question of School Leaving Age. We favour the eventual raising of the School Leaving Age, and can envisage this being raised again as Automation shortens the working week and diminishes the number needed in industry. The solution to this problem, as with so many of the problems facing Education in New Zealand, lies with the solving of so many other problems such as staff, schools, mass teaching media, and even the future question of providing students with some form of income while they are pursuing their higher studies. A Social Credit Government would see the gradual extension of Education in all its aspects as the key to benefiting from Automation.  OUR AIM: A GOOD GENERAL. EDUCATION/ DIVERSIFICATION AND EXPERIMENTATION.  (d) We support the principle of diversification and experimentation in curricula at both regional and local levels. Our aim will be a good general education rather than early specialisation. We believe that herein will lie the richness of a Social Credit Education System.  5. RE ADMINISTRATION.  UNDER-SECRETARIES TO THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION (SEE CONSTITUTIONAL POLICY).  (a) A Social Credit Government will appoint at least two Under-Secretaries to the Minister of Education to cope with two very important and distinct aspects of the growing field of education. One will deal with Maori Education and all the urgent problems therein involved and demanding solution. The other will deal with the already large, growing and distinct problem relating to University Education. The first of these persons mentioned, will have the task and duty to bring our Maori people, through education, up to the same levels as the pakeha, thus removing the one thing which in these times could disturb our harmonious relationship of race. The second Under-Secretary will have the distinct task of ensuring that our universities maintain standards of excellence in both the scientific and academic fields so that the avid demands of the Age of Automation will at all times be met. The Universities will thus stake their definite contribution towards maintaining the nations standard of living. Nor will we hesitate to appoint at least a third Under-Sccretarv to the Minister to deal with what appears to be a vast, expanding and emerging problem in the Western nations, namely, the Aged and Displaced. One of their problems involves the question of re-education and this could become another and distinct field requiring special thought, organisation and guidance far beyond the present concept of a Minister of Education but broadly within the jurisdiction of the Department of Education.  DECENTRALISATION OF ADMINISTRATION.  (b) A Social Credit Government will take immediate steps to decentralise administration within the Education Department. Particularly as their annual grants have already been approved. Education Boards should not have to refer any programme involving the expenditure of over a certain amount, either back to Wellington or for further approval, to the Workers Committee of Cabinet. Such a practice is a waste of Cabinet Ministers' time, delays people from getting oil with the job and shows a peculiar lack of trust in local administrators. We will apply the principle of decentralisation in this Department, wherever we believe it is reasonable to do so.  Re the election of Education Boards.  (c) In order that Education Boards and those that comprise them may more satisfactorily reflect the wishes of the community the board and its schools serve, a Social Credit Government will legislate so that those elected to the board are elected on a total vote during Local Body Elections instead of by School Committees as at present.  RE SCHOOL COMMITTEES AND PARENT-TEACHER ASSOCIATIONS.  (d) We do not envisage any change to the present method of appointment of School Committees, nor do we think in terms of combining the functions of a school committee with those of a P.T.A. We see them as perforating two equally necessary but distinct  functions. We will seek to draw a clear line between the functions of the two and to devise a scheme acceptable to both whereby each is represented on the other. We strongly support the idea of P.T.A. and will encourage their establishment wherever this is possible. We particularly favour the concept of a classroom P.T. relationship rather than school P.T.A.  6. UNIVERSITY EDUCATION.  BUILDING PROGRAMMES.  (a) University building programmes must be accelerated. A Social Credit Government will do this; this undertaking includes Halls of Residence and Student Blocks.  AUTONOMY OF UNIVERSITIES & SCHOOLS OF EDUCATION.  (b) Universities and Schools of Education must each preserve their own autonomy and identity.  FINANCING.  (c) The planning and financing of universities, as indeed of all educational establishments, should be granted as an absolute necessity rather than a political one.  ENDOWMENTS, SCHOLARSHIPS.  (d) A Social Credit Government will allow generous taxation reductions to attract industry and other interested bodies or individuals to establish (a) Chairs of study by endowment, and (b) to establish scholarships.  UNDER-SECRETARY.  (c) As already stated, a Social Credit Government will appoint an Under-Secretary for University Education, to the Minister of Education and his function will be to promote University Education in New Zealand.  7. MAORI EDUCATION.  UNDER-SECRETARY.  (a) As already stated, a Social Credit Government will appoint all Under-Secretary to the Minister to deal with all aspects of Maori Education. The person appointed to this position will he a member of the Maori race.  PROMOTION-LEADERSHIP.  (b) In addition, a Social Credit Government will introduce a system of grading whereby young Maoris working in the fields of Education and Maori Affairs, are given early recognition of their achievements and are promoted to positions of leadership and responsibility in the eyes of their own people.  TRAINING COLLEGE LECTURESHIPS.  (c) We will invite applications from the ranks of qualified Maori teachers to fill Lectureships at all training colleges wherein their special responsibility will be to provide all teacher-trainees with a composite course dealing with Maori History, Language, Lore and Customs, and the problems confronting the modern, urban Maori, so that an enlightened teaching force can bring about through the schools the correct community awareness, attitudes and solutions to these problems within a pluralistic society such as our own.  BURSARIES AND LOANS.  (d) To bring about a pool of well-qualified Maori men and women to fill the many positions that will result from the implementation of policy point 7b above, a Social Credit Government will offer immediately to Maoris within a reasonable age span and intellectual span, generous bursaries and loans so that they can complete their necessary educational qualifications.  SPECIAL HOLIDAY READING COURSES.  (e) A Social Credit Government will make it possible, where a density of Maoris exists, to have the schools in such areas opened during school holiday periods in order to engage. Maori children in additional reading activities; such a scheme will be available for three-year-olds and upwards.  8. RE SLOW LEARNERS.  We recognise the claim that one in every four of the children in our New Zealand schools is a Slow Learner and that the special educational needs of these children have, to date, been neglected. Towards correcting this situation a Social Credit Government will:  Teacher-pupil ratio.  (a) Give a top priority to the Recommendation re Special Classes of the 1962 Royal Commission, of a teacher-pupil ratio of 1-18.  SPECIAL GRANTS.  (b) Make available Special Grants of money to be spent on the education of these Slow Learners.  SALARY.  (c) Give additional salary to teachers engaged in this exacting work.  PRE-VOCATIONAL WORK EXPERIENCE PROGRAMMES.  (d) Initiate, and legislate for, the introduction of exploratory Prevocational and and Work Experience programmes as an integral part of the course for Slow Learners.  Crash teachers-training programme.  (e) Provide crash, short-term, teacher-training programmes for all State and Independent School teachers at present engaged in teaching Slow Learner classes.  RECRUITMENT.  (f) Recruit and train additional such teachers.  SPECIAL CLASSROOMS.  (g) Provide for the construction of special classrooms for the use of these Slow Learners.  INTEGRATION OF SPECIAL CLASSES.  (h) Carry through a programme within the school system to ensure that these Special Classes arc completely integrated within the schools wherein they are located.  TRAINING COLLEGE RECOGNITION.  (i) Include in all teachers training programmes a course whereby teachers-to-be will be made aware of the existence of Slow Learners and their particular problems.  9. CRIPPLED CHILDREN, INTELLECTUALLY HANDICAPPED, EPILEPTICS, etc.  Preamble.  We believe that certain injustices are the lot of the parents of such children and that this disgraceful situation should cease. A Social Credit Government pledges itself to enter in to negotiation with the organisations representative of these parents and children to find much kinder solutions to their problems than are at present in operation.  RUNNING COSTS, ACCOMMODATION, TEACHERS.  (a) Where suitable accommodation, running costs and the finding of teachers are at present not met, a Social Credit Government will meet them.  Transport.  (b) Where transport is still the problem of the parents of these children and the school committee, we will pay it.  Kindergartens, opportunity workshops.  (c) Where Kindergartens, and Opportunity Workshops for Seniors are lacking, we will provide them.  Subsidies.  (d) We will pay the full cost of establishing Opportunity Workshops and substantially increase the subsidy for Hostels.  FAMILY BENEFIT.  (e) We will rectify the injustice whereby parents with children away from home and at schools for the Deal, lose their Family Benefit and have to pay an additional 9/- a week.  10. THE INDEPENDENT SCHOOLS.  EDUCATION BENEFIT.  (a) In recognition of the part played in the national education system and the way that private schools are contributing not only service but a comparative value as against the State system, a Social Credit Government will grant to the Independent Schools all Educational Benefit substantially equal to the cost in State Schools of teaching the secular subjects.  1. The amount decided on will be paid to the credit of the parent or guardian to the school whereat the child is being educated.  LAY TEACHERS.  (b) All positions for lay teachers in the Independent schools will be advertised in the Education Gazette as they become available.  SUPERANNUATING AND GRADING.  (c) Superannuation and Grading rights of teachers in the service of the Independent Schools will be protected.  TEACHER Appointment.  (d) There will be liaison between the Education Authorities and the relevant Independent School Authority in the appointment of suitable teachers.  BOARDS OF GOVERNORS, SCHOOL COMMITTEES.  (e) A Social Credit Government will require the establishment of a Board of Governors for each Independent Secondary School, and of School Committees for the Independent Primary Schools.  FREE FLOW AND PROMOTION OF TEACHERS.  (f) We would require reasonable facility to permit the free flow of teachers between the Independent Schools and the State Schools -this is essential in order to provide for adequate promotion for any lay teacher, and it would widen the appreciation of one system for the other.  RATE OF INCREASE OF STAFF.  (g) Simultaneously with the giving of the Educational Benefit, a Social Credit Government will regulate the rate of increase of staff in the Independent Schools.  ACCOUNTING MACHINERY.  (h) We will provide correct accounting machinery for each independent Schools' Board to assist and ensure the correct allocation of all public monies paid to these schools.  RATE OF ADJUSTMENT.  (i) The amount of the Educational Benefit would be subject to adjustment in relation to a general rise in the cost of State Education.  11. SCOUTING, GUIDING AND OUTWARD BOUND.  PREAMBLE  We are firmly of the mind that both our country and our democratic concept of life are best ensured whatever the future, when the loyalty of our young people-a loyalty based on the Christian concepts of love of God and neighbour- are encouraged and promoted.  We believe there are no organisations better suited both in theory and in practice to achieve these ends than the Scouting and Guiding movements, St. John Cadets, and Outward Round. We believe, however, that these organisations are often impeded and as a consequence, that the enthusiasm of the voting is often dampened:  1.  By the frequent diversion of energy and effort to the raising of     money to provide basic equipment, dens, etc.; and.  2.  By inefficiency resulting from hasty recruitment of personnel to ran     these groups at local level.  A Social Credit Government will, therefore, spare no effort and will be generous with financial assistance so as to enable these governments to get on with the job. Toward this end we will:  FINANCE, GIFT SITES.  (a) Finance the purchase of, and make a gift to the Scouting Movement of several sites in both the North and South Islands to become places of additional training and camping.  EQUIPMENT.  (b) We will equip these sites with the basic necessities.  Training schemes.  (c) We will finance an intensive training scheme to provide personnel well fitted to carry out these works.  ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS.  (d) We will assist with Grants the cost of administering these schemes.  SERVICES, POLICE, TEACHING PROFESSION.  (c) We will call on the Services, the Police and Teaching Profession to assist and advise the Scouting Government.  OUTWARD BOUND.  (f) We will multiply the numbers of such an establishment as Anakiwa.  CIVIL DEFENCE.  (g) We will seek to co-ordinate the efforts of these numerous organisations with the Civil Defence Organisation, and will encourage the formation of school groups thus making additional use of facilities already there.  APPROVAL AND ACCEPTANCE.  (h) We realise that any and all the above suggestions and offers must be subject, in the first instance, to the approval and acceptance of the several Movements named.  12. COUNTRY SERVICE TEACHERS AND HOUSING.  A Social Credit Government will provide additional Rectal Houses for married teachers serving rural areas. Rentals will be reasonable and will be reduced on the basis of an (A), (B) (C) scale.  (A) More than 80 miles from one of the four main centres.  (B) More than 40 miles from a town of over 7000.  (C) More than 15 miles from a town of over 3000.  13. COMPULSORY SUBJECTS FOR ALL PUPILS.  In addition to the teaching of English, we will include in all courses as compulsory subjects, Mathematics, Civics and First Aid. In addition, for girls, we will include Domestic Science as a compulsory subject.  14. FREE TEXTBOOK SCHEME.  We are dissatisfied with the present operation of the Free Textbook Scheme and undertake to investigate this matter. Organisations representing the Teaching Profession will be asked to suggest amendments or alternatives to the scheme as it at present operates.  15. SPEECH WORK.  We agree that the whole question of "Speech Work" in all its aspects, is a vital one to the concept of excellence in Education and the proper functioning of democracy. We believe that it has been neglected in New Zealand as a subject of muddled thinking, and that it must be thoroughly integrated as a subject with all other aspects of teacher-training.  (a) A Social Credit Government will examine the whole question with a view to action inn the matter.  (b) We will call a top-level Conference of Educators and world authorities on this matter to draw up a programme for early implementation.  16. ADDITIONAL BOARDING ALLOWANCES.  (Applicable in all cases where Boarding Bursaries do not at present apply.) We will pay an accommodation allowance of 30/a week for outback-country secondary school children (where there is no secondary school or bus available), who attend a boarding school or board privately.  17. SCHOOL HOLIDAYS.  A Social Credit Government will consider a "Two-term" system of school holidays.  18. TEACHER SUPPLY.  Much of the proposed Social Credit Policy on Education hinges on an adequate supply of higher trained teachers, therefore, our first priority will be to meet this need by providing better salaries, incentives and conditions. We will not dodge this obligation by short-sighted policies of recruiting teachers from other countries.  19. RURAL EDUCATION.  The whole question of Rural Education has been reviewed recently both by the Minister, and in a special and searching report entitled "Country Education", prepared by the P.P.T.A.  COUNTRY SERVICE ALLOWANCE.  (a) A Social Credit Government would introduce the P.P.T.A.'s (A), (B), (C) Scale covering degrees of remoteness as the basis for payment.  FORM I-VI SCHOOLS/ DISTRICT HIGH SCHOOLS.  (b) A Social Credit Government will progressively replace the District High School system with a Form I-VI system in the country areas.  HOUSING.  1. STATE ADVANCES.  (a) The functions of the State Advances Corporation will continue to provide finance at low rates of interest.  (b) The rate will not be more than 3 per cent.  (c) Finance will be made available for both old and new homes.  (d) We will encourage the building of new houses by providing up to 100 per cent finance to the limit of £3000 on the house only.  (e) For those who wish to build their own houses on a progressive basis, finance will be made available up to 100 per cent at 3 per cent interest per annum subject to supervision and building to an approved final plan.  2. STATE RENTAL HOUSES.  We will continue the policy of building State rental houses while encouraging home ownership.  3. WORKERS RURAL AREAS.  In country towns and rural districts we will expedite the building of accommodation for police officers, school teachers, civil servants and farm workers to encourage them to seek work in these areas.  4. STAMP DUTY EXEMPTION - HOME PURCHASE.  The purchase price of the first house to he occupied by the purchaser will be exempt from Stamp Duty up to £4000.  5. REDEVELOPMENT DECADENT AREAS.  Local authorities would be required to inspect and report on ALL sub-standard housing and to follow this by active rehousing and redevelopment of decadent and obsolete urban areas.  6. HOUSING -AGED PARENTS.  We will assist people to provide accommodation for their parents, if they are in receipt, of the age benefit, in, the following ways:  (a) By introducing legislation to enable the construction of self-contained flats for parents as an addition to the existing homes owned by the family.  (b) Finance for these flats will be made available up to £1000 at two per cent, £500 of which will be an interest-free suspensory loan to be written off at the rate of £100 per annum, so long as the flat is occupied by one or both of the parents.  7. MULTI-STOREY FLATS.  In order to discourage urban sprawl over valuable arable lands a policy of building multi-storey flats set in adequate park land will be adopted. Advantages over present State house policy are:  (a) Reticulated services will be less costly per unit.  (b) Roading and streets will be less costly.  (c) Transport services will be more economic.  (d) Movement of labour will be facilitated.  (e) The decaying hearts of our cities will be rejuvenated.  PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION.  PREAMBLE.  New Zealand has been, and is still being, served with a loyal, competent and efficient staff of State Servants. The goodwill, however, so necessary between employer and employee is fast vanishing, as a result of the complete disregard the present Government had for the Public Service Association when passing the State Services Act. It will be the first duty of a Social Credit Government therefore to regain the goodwill of all Public Servants. It has been openly stated that some Senior State Servants have been accused of being bureaucrats. This, in our opinion, is the direct result of weak Government and hears no disrespect for the individuals concerned who have acted always with the best of intentions. It is the duty of the elected Government to ensure that Policy is correctly formed and curried out.  POLICY.  State Service Commissioners. We believe that the State Service Commissioners should be selected from outside the service. This would ensure a more unbiased approach to appointments. We believe that the three State Service Commissioners should in every way be free of political control, and in effect have the freedom of the judiciary. Their position should not enable them to become permanent Departmental Heads.  Permanent Heads.-Permanent Heads should in our opinion be appointed by the State Service Commission and not by a Committee of Permanent Heads, as at present. Their positions should also hold the open right of appeal.  Representation on Producer Boards.-The practice of appointing retired Slate Servants to Producer Boards will be investigated. Their technical ability can be invaluable, but their knowledge of Departmental personnel could be embarrassing to Permanent Heads.  Departmental Administration.- The bureaucratic form of Government has, as already stated, been the direct result of Government elected personnel, being weak in administration, thus Departmental officers have acted, in their opinion, in the correct manner, this being purely art individual interpretation of policy. In order to avoid a continuance of this, and with an improved approach to administration, we believe all Departments should have a top executive committee, comprising not less than six and not more than twelve, according to the size of the Department, constituted both to advise on and carry out Government policy. Where appropriate, representatives from closely allied interests will be included in the executive committee. The Minister will be chairman, and meeting will be held regularly throughout the year. This will improve liaison between elected Government and Departmental personnel.  Promotion.-There appears to be all increasing emphasis on professional qualifications rather than personal administrative ability. This should not be the case. There should always be it balance maintained between the professional man and the competent proven administrator.  Right of Appeal.-We believe that the right of appeal be available to all positions in the State Services. The Appeal Board personnel should be appointed from outside the State Services. In any case where an employee is not carrying out the policy of the Government, then the Minister should always retain the right to prematurely retire the said individual.  Salary Scales.-For too long now the salary rates within the Service have been lagging behind the ruling rates. Past Governments have been only too pleased to accept this delay in ruling rate surveys, etc., to avoid any undue financial pressure during any fiscal year. This must not continue. State Servants in common with all other employees are entitled to the immediate percentage increase in salary as determined by the Arbitration Court. This will apply to all State employees be they teachers, railway or post and telegraph employees.  Housing.-Where housing is provided for State Servants in particular positions, the rentals so charged should be regarded as part of the cost structure of the particular department. Any concession that may he apparent in these rentals, should be regarded purely as a concession for that particular position. As stated in Housing Policy, emphasis will be placed on the construction of multi-storey flats in relatively central positions (particularly in larger cities). More generous allocation of these flats will be made to State Servants on transfer.  Transport.-Where State Servants have to use a car for their particular position in a Department, then financial assistance will be made to such individuals to purchase a car at no more than three per cent This will avoid undue pressure for Departmental vehicles, encourage private ownership, and lessen the overhead costs of Departments.  Superannuation.-The present percentage basis for State Servants for joining the Government superannuation scheme of 5 per cent up to the age of 30 years with increasing percentages over this age, is based on the insurance risk approach, and tends to discourage those joining the service later in life from participating on an equal basis. We consider a universal five per cent deduction for superannuation from all State Servants to be fair and reasonable.  Superannuitants.-In the present phase of galloping inflated prices, and depreciation of purchasing power, there is a tremendous strain on retiring servants to maintain a reasonable standard of living. While the present conditions continue we consider that a review is warranted at not more than three-yearly intervals. This review to put the superannuitant into the position that he would have been, should he have been retiring at the date of review.  TOURIST DEVELOPMENT.  The League believes that the potential capacity of the tourist industry in New Zealand has not yet been paid more than lip service. We realise, however, that there are basic problems which require bold and decisive legislation before those interested in promoting tourism can develop the industry as it should be developed.  1. TOURIST AND PUBLICITY DEPARTMENT.  We think that the first major step in this regard would be to ensure that the Tourist and Publicity Department is defined by statute as a promotional department, and that it should be divorced from the business of selling travel, so that it can spend its skills and energies in the promotion of New Zealand. We would legislate to this end, and in doing so would provide an adequate budget for the Department to be able to conduct reasonable advertising campaigns in the necessary media overseas.  2. N.Z. TRAVEL AND HOLIDAYS ASSN.  We would continue to recognise the New Zealand Travel and Holidays Association as a permanent advisory body to Government, because it is so constituted that it represents the major private enterprise and organisational concerns in the tourist industry.  3. TOURISM.  We would always pay full regard to the preservation of our scenic heritage, even if the short-term benefits from industry may appear to be more apparent. In our view tourism, which includes our scenic treasures, as an invisible export product on which there is no wear and tear. The beauties and attractions with which we are endowed as a nation are also part of our cultural heritage.  4. OVERSEAS LIAISON.  We would do all possible to encourage firm liaison with Australia, Fiji, and adjacent areas; in the promotion of the South Pacific, in order to expand our share of the tourist travel which emanates from the jet routes of the Pacific as a whole.  5. TOURIST HOTEL CORPORATION.  We would extend the facilities of the Tourist Hotel Corporation in tourist areas where it was apparent that private enterprise could not or would not provide the accommodation and amenities necessary to the proper promotion of the area.  6. ACCOMMODATION.  In our long-term planning of the tourist industry, we would be in favour of divorcing "beds front beer", so that accommodation was eventually considered in its own right, and liquor sale and distribution as a separate aspect.  7. CONSERVATION.  The Nature Conservation Act will be suitably amended to more effectively conserve natural beauty as a national asset.  8. SCENIC ATTRACTIONS.  That New Zealand scenic attractions must be preserved, and where such attractions are threatened with destruction or impairment by public works or industrial enterprise, the relative value of the attraction and the enterprise must be considered, and in all cases alternative sites not involving scenic attractions will be thoroughly investigated even though this may involve some extra cost and inconvenience. These attractions must be preserved for the permanent enjoyment of all.  9. LIQUOR LAWS.  (a) We recognise that the Liquor Licensing Laws should be overhauled from time to time as a process of evolution.  (b) In general we believe that beds should be divorced from beer so that the accommodation industry can develop in its own right related to the very real needs of New Zealanders and overseas visitors.  (c) We would continue the existing financial assistance to private enterprise (at present up to £4 million) but we would reduce the rate of interest for such loads to 3 per cent.  (d) We would extend the provision of Tourist Hotel Corporation hotels in key tourist areas particularly in the main arrival points for overseas tourists such as Auckland, Wellington and Christ-church.  (e) We would instruct the Licensing Commission to give every assistance to the hotel trade to allow for the improvement of its facilities in licensed bars with the aim that as soon as possible all New Zealanders would be able to obtain a reasonable type of buffet meal under good conditions where liquor was provided.  (f) We would alter the ballot paper which concerns Licensing Laws to allow the public firstly a vote for prohibition or continuance and secondly, as a separate vote, the choice of private control or Trust control of hotels.  RADIO & TELEVISION.  CONTROL.  Control will be vested in a Board of Governors which will be responsible for issuance of all broadcasting and television transmitting licences.  ADDITIONAL CHANNELS.  Additional channels for television open to private participation will be established as soon as initial nation-wide coverage is achieved.  LICENCE FEES.  (a) Old age and invalid pensioners will be exempted from payment of licence fees.  (b) Where Tv and Radio are both installed one licence fee will cover both.  RIGHT OF APPEAL.  Any society, person or persons alleging partial or unfair treatment in the allocation of radio or television time will have the right of appeal to the Courts.  ELECTRIC POWER.  MANAPOURI-DOUBTFUL SOUND POWER PROJECT.  It is too late now to stop Manapouri-Doubtful Sound Power Generation Scheme but we will oppose any attempt to raise the levels of the two lakes above the normal fluctuation of the present mean levels.  WAIKATO SCHEME.  We are against the extension of the Waikato River scheme and will concentrate on the development of resources such as in the East Coast, Wanganui, Gisborne and Wairakei geothermal areas of the North Island.  LOCAL SCHEMES.  Power supply authorities will be encouraged to develop their own power resources where it call be shown that it is economically sound and in the public interest.  IMMIGRATION.  We will continue a policy of immigration from selected European stock. The number of immigrants admitted each year will be controlled in order to ensure that their absorption into the labour force will not create unemployment and that accommodation and national facilities will be adequate. We will continue to take a proportion of families with handicapped members.  DEFENCE.  (a) The League believes that all attempts as a negotiated peace should continue, but while these fail we support military action in Vietnam with a force in accordance with New Zealand's membership of SEATO. We believe, however, that decisions such as this should have been made by parliament, and not just by cabinet.  (b) We will honour our Treaty obligations ANZAM, SEATO and ANZUS to the limit of the number of men available to the armed services by enlistment only, and to the limit of expenditure the Government considers prudent.  (c) The forces will be armed with modern equipment which will be kept up to date.  (d) We will re-examine and make more attractive conditions for both single and married men. Amenities will include up-to-date housing and schooling.  (e) The Navy will in future be based around a modern force of fast frigates designed for anti-submarine warfare, shipping escort and general purposes tasks. A force of four such frigates is necessary.  (f) Army units will consist of a highly trained nucleus provided with modern weapons and equipment. Such a nucleus should the necessity arise, will be capable of rapidly expanding and easily coping with both increased recruitment and the given situation.  (g) The R.N.Z.AY, will continue to operate in the combat, ground support, transport and maritime roles. We will keep in constant touch with aircraft development with a view to maintaining our equipment at a peak of efficiency.  (h) For all Defence establishments a substantial building and works programme will be necessary to enable the forces to cope adequately with the new equipment being provided.  (i) We will work towards an integrated command always bearing in mind the need for co-operation with our Allies.  (j) Closer liaison with the Chiefs of Staff of our ANZUS Allies will lie maintained with a view to standardisation of equipment and training methods.  (k) All decisions on active participation in overseas theatres of war will be taken on a free vote of the Mouse of Representatives.  (1) Compulsory Military Training will be abolished.  (m) The cost of a vigorous Civil Defence programme should be the responsibility of Government and not of Local Bodies.  (n) School Cadet Corps will be retained where they are wanted by the School Authorities. We will seek to make these units more efficient and extend their availability to other Colleges where they are desired. Adequate training stall will be made available from Service Establishments and the present ceiling of 20000 Cadets removed.  EXTERNAL AFFAIRS.  1. CROWN AND COMMONWEALTH.  (a) We affirm our allegiance to the British Crown and loyalty to the Commonwealth.  (b) We believe the British Commonwealth to be a good and workable model to the world of the manner in which the world family of nations should co-operate with one another. (c) We will endeavour to initiate a permanent Commonwealth Council to promote co-operation in order to secure a united front in international relations.  2. PACIFIC ISLANDS.  We will assist these peoples towards attaining economic and political independence through:  (a) Positive and reciprocal Trade Policies.  (b) Assistance in Educational programmes.  (c) Assistance where problems of over-population occur.  3. ANZUS, SEATO, ANZAM.  We will honour our Treaty obligations to Anzus, Scato and Anzam (see Defence 2).  4. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND ORGANISATIONS  (a) We will support the Western Nations in the efforts to preserve peace and harmony and will co-operate with all nations in this endeavour.  (b) We will support the United Nations and its specialised agencies insofar as it works for true freedom, peace amt economic security for peoples and nations.  (c) We are opposed to such mandatory international agreements, as Bretton Woods and the General Agreement onTariffs and Trade, where they are against the interests of New Zealand.  CONSTITUTIONAL.  1. BILL OF RIGHTS  A Bill of Rights will be drawn up and put on the Statute Book to protect the liberties and rights of the individual.  (a) A Committee of Enquiry will be set up to study and decide which regulations should be amended or repealed-for example, those that clash with the Bill of Rights.  (b) All Orders-in-Council and Acts of administrative bodies to be subject to the right of appeal in a Court of Law.  2. TERM OF PARLIAMENT.  We reaffirm our intention of maintaining the three year life for Parliament.  3. MINISTERIAL.  Legislation would be introduced requiring all Ministers holding office under the Crown in New Zealand to disclose their full financial position, commercial interest, holdings of land, company shares and stock, etc., to the Auditor General who will report any information he regards as necessary to a Select Committee of the House. The holding of financial interests by nominees will not be permitted and Ministers will not be allowed to deal in land, particularly Maori land, or engage in any financial operations or business likely to bring about a conflict between their private affairs and the interest of the State.  4. VOTING AGE.  The Electoral Act will be amended to enfranchise it 18 years.  5. ELECTORAL REFORM.  (a) Various methods of representation will be investigated, e.g., preferential voting, proportional representation.  (b) Voting methods in both General and Local Body elections will be unified preferably a cross (X) indicating voters choice.  6. UNDER SECRETARIES.  Provision will be made for appointment of suitably qualified persons outside of the house of Representatives where, in the opinion of Cabinet, such an appointment is desirable (See Education Policy 5.)  MAORI INTERESTS.  (a) The Social Credit Government would ratify the Treaty of Waitangi and preserve the sanctity and identity of the Maori Race. It is fully agreed that the method of implementation would be that a Social Credit Government would hold a round table meeting with representatives of the Maoris to reach agreement on practical implementation according to conditions at that time.  (b) Waitangi Day (6th February) shall be a national holiday to commemorate the union of the two races as a nation.  (c) We believe that we are one people, and that there should be equal rights of citizenship between the two races in all aspects within the community.  (d) We will call a round table conference of interested parties including the Maori leaders, to discuss outstanding problems such as the following:  1.  The serious drift of the Maoris from the country to the city.  2.  Land ownership and titles.  3.  The housing problem and youth hostels.  4.  Maori education.  5.  Use of leisure time and increased recreational facilities.  MAORI EDUCATION.  UNDER-SECRETARY.  (a) As already stated, a Social Credit Government will appoint an Under-Secretary to the Minister to deal with all aspects of Maori Education. The person appointed to this position will be a member of the Maori race.  PROMOTION-LEADERSHIP.  (b) In addition, a Social Credit Government will introduce a system of grading whereby young Maoris working in the fields of Education and Maori Affairs, are given early recognition of their achievements and are promoted to positions of leadership and responsibility in the eyes of' their own people.  TRAINING COLLEGE LECTURESHIPS.  (c) We will invite applications front the ranks of qualified Maori teachers to fill Lectureships at all training colleges wherein their special responsibility will be to provide all teacher-trainees with a composite corpse dealing with Maori History, Language, Lore and Customs, and the problems confronting the modern, urban Maori, so that an enlightened teaching force can bring about through the schools the correct community awareness, attitudes and solutions to these problems within a pluralistic society such as our own.  BURSARIES AND LOANS.  (d) To bring about a pool of well-qualified Maori men and women to fill the many positions that will result irons the implementation of policy point 7(b) above, a Social Credit Government will offer immediately to Maoris within a reasonable age span and intellectual span, generous bursaries and loans so that they can complete their necessary educational qualifications.  SPECIAL HOLIDAY READING COURSES.  (e) A Social Credit Government will make it possible, where a density of Maoris exists, to have the schools in such areas opened during school holiday periods in order to engage Maori children in additional reading activities; such a scheme will be available for three-year-olds and upwards.  HEALTH.  In the formulation of a Healthy Policy, the definition of the term "Health" is in accord with that laid down by the World Health Organisation, which states, “Health is a state of physical, mental and social well being and not just the absence of disease”. To this end, we believe in the ultimate establishment of the best possible health service obtainable, one which is all-embracing and which will provide for the training of sufficient personnel in all branches of healing. It is a mistake to look upon the medical service as something fixed and immutable. It needs freedom to grow, and if it is to grow and if it is to work out its own destiny in research and its application to the improvement of human well being, it must become progressively freer from the restrictions of state control.  1. PREAMBLE.  (a) Owing to the fact that there is strong evidence of the injurious effects of the addition of non-nutritive substances to food, steps will be taken to safeguard the public health against this growing practice.  (b) The promotion and maintenance of good health is an important form of disease prevention, anal to this end, and as an important accessory, we will establish a system of health education which will include in the curriculum such objects as the desirability and advisability of natural foods, the baneful effects of denatured foods and excesses of all kinds.  (c) We do not believe in compulsory medication except during all emergency situation on the grounds that this is contrary to the fundamental principles of democracy.  2. GENERAL.  (a) The establishment of an Independent Advisory Body to review the operational efficiency of the various aspects of the health services. At least 50 per cent of the members of the body to be medical men who are actively engaged in the profession. The findings of the body to be published with recommendations for further developments.  (b) We would create an independent Medical Research Council composed of scientists with sufficient funds to allow unorthodox methods of treatment should be accorded research facilities.  (c) We will institute a Government sponsored programme to carry a Health education campaign to the people and to the schools. This would include special reference to the harmful effects of cigarette smoking.  3. MEDICAL EDUCATION.  A second New Zealand Medical School is long overdue and we will see that no further delays will prevent the establishment of such a second school in Auckland.  4. GENERAL AND MATERNITY HOSPITALS.  (a) We undertake to provide new building and equipment as and when requited in order to meet the full requirements of our rapidly expanding population.  (b) Construction of new building to be in permanent materials and the cost to be met from interest-free money.  (c) Future buildings to pay more attention to full out-patient facilities, with adequate consulting and operating rooms with a certain number of day recovery beds. If these departments are properly planned considerable saving of hospital beds would result.  (d) In order to reduce the amount of paper work and bureaucracy in the running of hospitals, we will encourage a maximum delegation of real responsibility to competent hospital boards, and will do everything possible to speed tip central decisions where these are necessary.  (e) We will encourage full-time hospital officers to avail themselves of overseas refresher courses.  (f) We will review salaries of full time hospital officers in the light of salaries earned by specialists and general practitioners not engaged in hospital work. This review will include other hospital officers, and the nursing profession and not only those officers with medical degrees. These reviews will be made in order to retain the services of those highly qualified officers in the hospital service, and it is intended to bring the salaries into line with those obtaining in industry and civilian life.  (g) We believe that a specialist benefit should be introduced in line with the proposals submitted by the Central Specialists Committee of the B.M.A.  (h) With the restoration of greater autonomy to hospital Boards we would recommend that Medical Advisory Committees be attached to all Hospital Boards. These committees to consist of hospital doctors and other local doctors whose patients are cared for in these hospitals.  5. PRIVATE HOSPITALS.  (a) We will provide money at low rates of interest to private and maternity hospitals for renovations, improvements of new buildings.  (b) We would increase the subsidies paid to private hospital to  £2.10.0 per patient per day for Grade A Hospitals. £2. 5.0 per patient per day for Grade B Hospitals.  6. GENERAL PRACTITIONERS.  (a) We will review the social security charges mileage allowances and maternity payments after consultation with a committee set up by the practitioners for the purpose.  (b) We will review the scale of consultation and anaesthetic charges for maternity and private practice.  (c) We believe that hospital Boards should be encouraged to allow local practitioners who wish to look after their own patients to do so. Suitable safeguards must be provided and the local practitioners would be helped by the local specialists.  (d) This Committee would also he asked to submit recommendations for a possible increase in the G.M.S. benefit. It is realised that the retention of a private fee to doctors is necessary to prevent abuses by both doctors and patients, but in order that increasing charges do not cause hardship, a review of the G.M.S is necessary.  7. ANCILLARY MEDICAL SERVICES.  In an age of increasing complexity, the technical knowledge of those engaged in ancillary services must be improved. Towards this end and so that the right calibre of individual will be attracted to these most necessary branches of medicine, diploma or degree courses at University level should be introduced. Technicians at present engaged in these ancillary services have little or no professional standing but with the introduction of diploma courses, etc., they would acquire professional status and be required to accept the true responsibilities of professionalism. The monetary reward would be comparable with that of other professional groups in society. The details of how much increase in technical learning, and along which direction it should follow would need to be discussed and planned in conjunction with other branches of medicine.  8. VOLUNTARY ORGANISATIONS.  A Social Credit Organisation will not interfere with voluntary organisations, but would assist these organisations concerned, e.g., Plunket Society, Crippled Children's Society, Alcoholics Associations and Health Camps. If it were necessary or desirable after consultation with the organisation.  9. CHIROPRACTORS.  All systems of healing, such as chiropractic, will be investigated by the Medical Research Council. We believe that any form of successful treatment regardless of its source should be used for the benefit of the sick.  MENTAL HEALTH.  Our psychiatric services are insufficient in quantity, poor in quality and out of date. The medical profession is united in the understanding of the defects of the present system and we submit the following propositions which we believe will rectify the present chaotic situation.  (a) We will set up an Independent Committee to investigate the need for     legal reform relating to Mental Health. This reform will be divided     into five main categories:  1.  Certification procedure.  2.  Patient’s property rights and civilian rights.  3.  Review of patient’s conditions from time to time.  4.  Administration of Mental Hospitals.  5.  Reform of the Mental Health Act.  (b) We will set up two Professional Posts of Psychiatry in New Zealand. One to be concerned with undergraduate training at the Otago Medical School, and the other for the purpose of providing adequate training for qualified practitioners wishing to specialise in psychiatry. It is reasonable to suggest that the Professor responsible for graduate training should be in one of the centres where a mental hospital exists. A close liaison between general hospitals could then develop.  (c) We will provide training under the Professional Board for psychiatric workers, teachers and speech and occupational therapists. Until such a scheme can be implemented, we will make every effort to find extra psychiatrists, psychologists and psychiatric social workers from other countries.  (d) Mental hospitals should be handed over to the control of local hospital boards. We believe further, that there should be at least 25 beds for psychiatric patients in general hospitals per 100000 of the regional population served with adequately staffed outpatient's departments.  (e) We would foster the provision of Mental health Associations to assist in the alter-care and rehabilitation of mental hospital patients.  (f) We believe that present official policy has a misguided emphasis on extending residential accommodation and a mistaken preference for large institutions. Both are opposed to modern opinions, and to trends elsewhere. We would concentrate on small, more widely spread hospitals to deal with acute cases. In addition, we would foster the growth of a number of modest country house type institutions to which patients may be taken during the day, and from which patients could go each day to suitable work.  We oppose the use of the larger mental hospitals for purposes of geriatric care.  (g) We propose that a psychiatric specialist benefit should be introduced for patients referred by a general practitioner and a day hospital benefit for psychiatric patients attending private day treatment.  (h) We will increase the allowance from the Social Security Fund to long term patients from 2/6 per week to 10/- per week.  MENTAL DEFICIENCY SERVICES.  A good deal of this section would be integrated with the previous section.  (a) We believe that there should be some alteration to the nomenclature of the mental deficiency diseases. Certain types should be made notifiable diseases and that the procedure for admission and subsequent reassessment be drastically revised and that a disabled persons register be established.  (b) We believe there should be an expansion of extramural service with the aim of rehabilitating and supporting mental defectives in ordinary society. Cases requiring residential care would receive it in neighbouring hostels or large houses converted for the purpose.  (c) To encourage and facilitate extramural care in the interests of the patent, and to discourage too early admission to institutions, particularly for children, we would:  1. Increase the child allowance to 30/- per week to parents of mentally defective children and physically handicapped children to attend school.  2. Allocate realistic levels of payment to foster parents.  3. Establish a register of suitable foster homes.  (d) We would ensure that the Community service would be administered with considerable local autonomy and with the participation of voluntary bodies, parents, medical and other professional workers, as well as representatives of hospitals and educational boards.  (c) We believe that the Intellectually Handicapped Children's Society should be entitled to a 100 per cent subsidy in the establishment and running of training facilities for intellectually handicapped children, provided there are at least six children in a community requiring such assistance.  (f) Residential institutions would either supply special education, remedial specialists, vocational training, sheltered workshops or have access to them in the extramural services in the neighbourhood. Their functioning would be integrated with the latter, especially through the agency of the psychiatric workers.  GENERAL.  1. DISASTER COVERS.  We will extend the scope of war damage and earthquake insurance fund covers to apply in individual cases where abnormal disasters occur caused by natural phenomena and for which no compensation is received on the grounds that it is not a district disaster.  2. AIRPORTS.  We believe that it is essential that there be airports of international standard both in the North and South Islands. Towards this end we will complete facilities at Harewood to bring this airport up to international standard. We will review the trans-Tasman rights and reopen negotiations with other interested international airlines. Latest navigational aids will be installed at all international airports and at other airports where warranted.  3. LOCAL BODY AMALGAMATION.  In every scheme for local body amalgamation a poll of the ratepayers concerned will be taken, and each area affected must pass the proposal by majority.  4. WARD SYSTEM OF LOCAL BODY GOVERNMENT.  Upon presentation of a petition by five per cent of the electors to any local body requesting the introduction of the ward system, a poll of the electors affected will be taken.  5. TENDERS.  We will ensure that successful tenders for Government contracts, purchases and sale may be examined by all tenderers.  6. MOTOR TRADING REFORM.  Until the operation of our financial policy has restored the free flow of trade and consumer goods, we will control the presents scandalous trading in secondhand motor cars by the following methods:  1. Prohibit the sale of any motor car, new or secondhand, for more than the controlled price.  2. Prohibit the demanding of a trade-in or any other consideration other than the cash price of the vehicle and require that all advertisements of cars for sale should disclose the full cash price.  4. Punish offenders by lines up to £1000 AND the cancellation of the licence for both the dealer and his premises.  6a. PETROL.  PETROL.  A uniform price for petrol over the whole country will be negotiated wide the oil companies.  7. RECREATION AND THE ARTS.  To provide more opportunities for the greater enjoyment of our growing leisure time we will foster the work of recreational bodies and social welfare organisations by providing financial assistance to them to develop playing fields, erect club Houses, and purchase necessary equipment, etc.  MUSIC, DRAMA AND ART.  Financial assistance will be given to foster the growing popularity of theatre, ballet and music:  (a) Taxes payable by visiting artists and companies will be modified so as not to be a deterrent to their visiting our country, and so depriving New Zealanders of this valuable form of entertainment.  (b) We will extend the scope of the adult education system.  8. WOMEN AND CHILDREN  We will set up a committee of representatives of the Dominion Women's organisations, and other interested bodies, to advise the Government on necessary legislation. We will encourage the work of marriage guidance councils throughout the country with women having at least equal representatives on these councils. The difficulties experienced particularly by mothers at certain times in the development of their children is recognised. In order to assist in some measure mothers will receive vouchers redeemable only for the purchase of children's clothing, shoes, baby layettes and baby equipment as follows: On the birth of the first child, £40; each subsequent child, £20; first year at school, £20; first year at Post-primary school, £40.  9. PENAL REFORM.  In the criminal code, prevention is better than cure, as much crime begins with delinquency. There is a great need for sonic form of guidance for the young leaving school. Children up to school leaving have guidance and discipline both from the school and home, and then are ejected into the industrial world to earn a living, at which point the home influence often tends to recede. The child welfare department will be extended to provide this service, giving greater continuity where necessary between school, child welfare and the probationary service. While we are in urgent need of a maximum security prison there is also an urgent need for greater and more diversified prison accommodation. The present sheer overcrowding of the prisons is causing many escapes and the inability of the department to properly classify and treat prisoners so as to effectively carry out reform is obvious. New prisons will provide trade training to give a sense of responsibility and make the greatest possible use of psychological and psychiatric treatment to reform and rehabilitate as far as possible, the offender. Research into causes of crime must be stepped up, along with the methods of reform to free society as far as possible from crime.  10. ORGANISATION OF ELECTORS.  It will be the policy of every Social Credit Member of Parliament to encourage his electorate to establish a non-panty political organisation of electors to act as a Liaison Committee to consult with him in matters concerning the electorate.